常用的法律英语术语

常用的法律英语术语

常用的法律英语术语

draft

法案，草案

Government bill

政府议案

to pass a bill, to carry a bill

通过议案

to enact a law, to promulgate a law

颁布法

律

ratification, confirmation

批准

law enforcement

法律的实施

to come into force

生效

decree

法令

clause

条款

minutes

备忘录

report

判例汇编

codification

法律汇编

legislation

立法

legislator

立法者

jurist

法学家

jurisprudence

法学

legitimation

合法化

legality, lawfulness

法制，合法

legal, lawful

合法的

,

依法的

to contravene a law, to infringe a law, to

break a law

违法

outlaw, outside the law

超出法律范围的

offender

罪犯

to abolish

废止，取消

rescission, annulment

废除，取消

repeal, revocation, annulment

废除

(

法律

)

cancellation, annulment, invalidation

废除

(

合同

)

cancellation (

支票

)

作废

annulment

撤消

(

遗嘱

)

repeal rescission

撤消

(

判决

)

revocation

撤消

immunity

豁免，豁免权

disability, legal incapacity

无资格

nonretroactive character

不溯既往性

prescription

剥夺公权

attainder

公民权利的剥夺和财产的没收

constitutional law

宪法

canon law

教会法规

common law

习惯法

criminal law

刑法

administrative law

行政法

civil law

民法

commercial law, mercantile law

商法

law of nations

万国公法，国际法

international law

国际法

natural law

自然法

labour laws

劳工法

fiscal law

财政法

Civil Suit Law, Code of civil law

民事诉讼法

Criminal Law

刑事诉讼法

Military Law

军法

Conscript Law

兵役法

Copyright Law

著作权法

penal code

刑法典

code of mercantile law

商法典

civil rights

民事权利，公民权利

right of asylum

避难权

human rights, rights of man

人权

(customs) duties

关税

death duty, death tax

遗产税

royalties

版税

ratification,

confirmation

批准

law

enforcement

法律的实施

to

come

into

force

生效

decree

法令

clause

条款

minutes

备忘录

report

判例汇编

codification

法律汇编

legislation

立法

legislator

立法者

jurist

法学家

jurisprudence

法学

legitimation

合法化

legality,

lawfulness

法制，合法

legal,

lawful

合法的

,

依法的

to

contravene

a

law,

to

infringe

a

law,

to

break

a

law

违法

outlaw,

outside

the

law

超出法律范围的

offender

罪犯

to

abolish

废止，取消

rescission,

annulment

废除，取消

repeal,

revocation,

annulment

废除

(

法

律

)

cancellation,

annulment,

invalidation

废

除

(

合同

cancellation

(

支票

)

作废

annulment

撤消

(

遗嘱

)

repeal

rescission

撤消

(

判决

)

revocation

撤消

immunity

豁免，豁免权

disability,

legal

incapacity

无资格

nonretroactive

character

不溯既往性

prescription

剥夺公权

attainder

公民权利的剥夺和财产的没收

constitutional

law

宪法

canon

law

教会法规

common

law

习惯法

criminal

law

刑法

administrative

law

行政法

civil

law

民法

commercial

law,

mercantile

law

商法

law

of

nations

公法，国际法

international

law

国际法

natural

law

自然法

labour

laws

劳工法

fiscal

law

财政法

Civil

Suit

Law,

Code

of

civil

law

民事

诉讼法

Criminal

Law

刑事诉讼法

Military

Law

军法

Conscript

Law

兵役法

Copyright

Law

著作权法

penal

code

刑法典

code

of

mercantile

law

商法典

civil

rights

民事权利，公民权利

right

of

asylum

避难权

human

rights,

rights

of

man

人权

(customs)

duties

关税

death

duty,

death

tax

遗产税

royalties

版税

案件

case

案件发回

remand/rimit

a

case

（

to

a

l

ow

court

）

案件名称

title

of

a

case

案卷材料

materials

in

the

case

案情陈述书

statement

of

case

案外人

person

other

than

involved

in

the

case

案值

total

value

involved

in

the

case

败诉方

losing

party

办案人员

personnel

handling

a

case

保全措施申请书

application

for

protect

ive

measures

报案

report

a

case

（

to

security

auth

orities

）

被告

defendant;

the

accused

被告人最后陈述

final

statement

of

the

accused

被告向原告第二次答辩

rejoinder

被害人

victim

被害人的诉讼代理人

victim's

agent

ad

litem

被上诉人

respondent;

the

appellee

被申请人

respondent

被申请执行人

party

against

whom

exe

cution

is

filed

被执行人

person

subject

to

enforcem

ent

本诉

principal

action

必要共同诉讼人

party

in

necessary

co

-litigation

变通管辖

jurisdiction

by

accord

辩护

defense

辩护律师

defense

attorney/lawyer

辩护人

defender

辩护证据

exculpatory

evidence;

defen

se

evidence

辩论阶段

stage

of

court

debate

驳回反诉

dismiss

a

counterclaim;

reje

ct

a

counterclaim

驳回请求

deny/dismiss

a

motion

驳回上诉、维持原判

reject/dismiss

the

appeal

and

sustain

the

original

judgeme

nt/ruling

驳回诉讼

dismiss

an

action/suit

驳回通知书

notice

of

dismissal

驳回自诉

dismiss/reject

a

private

pros

ecution

驳回自诉裁定书

ruling

of

dismissing

p

rivate-prosecuting

case

补充答辩

supplementary

answer

补充判决

supplementary

judgement

补充侦查

supplementary

investigation

不公开审理

trial

in

camera

不立案决定书

written

decision

of

no

c

ase-filing

不批准逮捕决定书

written

decision

of

disapproving

an

arrest

不起诉

nol

pros

不予受理起诉通知书

notice

of

dismissa

l

of

accusation

by

the

court

财产保全申请书

application

for

attach

ment;

application

for

property

preservati

on

裁定

order;

determination

（指最终裁

定）

裁定管辖

jurisdiction

by

order

裁定书

order;

ruling

裁决书

award

采信的证据

admitted

evidence

查封

seal

up

撤回上诉

withdraw

appeal

撤诉

withdraw

a

lawsuit

撤销立案

revoke

a

case

placed

on

fil

e

撤销原判，发回重审

rescind

the

origina

l

judgement

and

remand

the

case

ro

the

original

court

for

retrial

出示的证据

exhibit

除权判决

invalidating

judgement

（

for

negotiable

instruments

）

传唤

summon;

call

传闻证据

hearsay

答辩

answer;

reply

答辩陈述书

statement

of

defence

答辩状

answer;

reply

大法官

associate

justices;

justice

大检察官

deputy

chief

procurator

代理控告

agency

for

accusation

代理申诉

agency

for

appeal

代理审判员

acting

judge

代为申请取保候审

agency

for

applicati

on

of

the

bail

pending

trial

with

restricte

d

liberty

of

moving

弹劾式诉讼

accusatory

procedure

当事人陈述

statement

of

the

parties

当庭宣判

pronouncement

of

judgemen

t

or

sentence

in

court

地区管辖

territorial

jurisdiction

地区检察分院

inter- mediate

People's

P

rocuratorate

第三人

third

party

调查笔录

record

of

investigation

定期宣判

pronouncement

of

judgemen

t

or

sentence

later

on

a

fixed

date

定罪证据

incriminating

evidence;

incul

patory

evidence

冻结

freeze

督促程序

procedure

of

supervision

an

d

urge

独任庭

sole-judge

bench

独任仲裁员

sole

arbitrator

对妨碍民事诉讼的强制措施

compulsory

measures

against

impairment

of

civil

acti

on

对席判决

judgement

inter

parties

二审

trial

of

second

instance

二审案件

case

of

trial

of

second

insu

rance

罚款

impose

a

fine

法定证据

statutory

legal

evidence

法定证据制度

system

of

legal

evidenc

e

法官

judges

法警

bailiff;

court

police

法律文书

legal

instruments/papers

法律援助

legal

aid

法律咨询

legal

consulting

法庭辩论

court

debate

法庭调查

court

investigation

法庭审理笔录

court

record

法庭审理方式

mode

of

court

trial

法庭庭长

chief

judge

of

a

tribunal

法院

court

法院公告

court

announcement

反诉

counterclaim

反诉答辩状

answer

with

counterclaim

反诉状

counterclaim

犯罪嫌疑人

criminal

suspect

附带民事诉讼案件

a

collateral

civil

acti

on

附带民事诉讼被告

defendant

of

collate

ral

civil

action

复查

reexamination;

recheck

复验

reinspect

高级法官

senior

judge

高级检察官

senior

procurator

高级人民法院

Higher

People's

Court

告诉案件

case

of

complaint

告诉才处理的案件

case

accepted

at

co

mplaint

告诉申诉庭

complaint

and

petition

div

ision

工读学校

work-study

school

for

delin

quent

children

公安部

Ministry

of

Public

Security

公安分局

public

security

sub-bureau

公安厅

public

security

bureau

at

the

levels

of

provinces,

autonomous

regions

and

cities

under

direct

jurisdiction

of

c

entral

government

公开审理

trial

in

public

公开审判制度

open

trial

system

公示催告程序

procedure

of

public

su

mmons

for

exhortation

公诉案件

public- prosecuting

case

公诉词

statement

of

public

prosecutio

n

公证机关

public

notary

office

共同管辖

concurrent

jurisdiction

管辖

jurisdiction

国际司法协助

international

judicial

ass

istance

海事法院

maritime

court

合议庭

collegial

panel

合议庭评议笔录

record

of

deliberating

by

the

collegiate

bench

和解

composition;

compromise

核对诉讼当事人身份

check

identity

of

l

itigious

parties

恢复执行

resumption

of

execution

回避

withdrawal

混合式诉讼

mixed

action

基层人民法院

basic

People's

Court

羁押期限

term

in

custody

级别管辖

subject

matter

jurisdiction

o

f

courts

at

different

levels

监视居住

living

at

home

under

surveil

lance

监狱

prison

检察官

procurator

检察权

prosecutorial

power

检察委员会

procuratorial/prosecutorial

committee

检察院

procuratorate

检察院派出机构

outpost

tribunal

of

pr

ocuratorate

简易程序

summary

procedure

鉴定结论

expert

conclusion

经济审判庭

economic

tribunal

径行判决

direct

adjudication

without

s

essions;

judgement

without

notice

纠问式诉讼

inquisitional

proceedings

拘传

summon

by

force;

summon

by

warrant

拘留所

detention

house

举报

information/report

of

an

offence

举证责任

burden

of

proof;

onus

prob

andi

决定书

decision

军事法院

military

procuratorate

开庭审理

open

a

court

session

开庭通知

notice

of

court

session

勘验笔录

record

of

inquest

看守所

detention

house

可执行财产

executable

property

控告式诉讼

accusatory

proceedings

控诉证据

incriminating

evidence

控诉职能

accusation

function

扣押

distrain

on;

attachment

扣押物

distress/distraint

宽限期

period

of

grace

劳动争议仲裁申请书

petition

for

labor

dispute

arbitration

劳改场

reform- through-labor

farm

劳教所

reeducation-through-labor

offic

e

类推判决的核准程序

procedure

for

exa

mination

and

approval

of

analogical

sent

ence

累积证据

cumulative

evidence

立案报告

place

a

case

on

file

立案管辖

functional

jurisdiction

立案决定书

written

decision

of

case- fil

ing

立案侦查

report

of

placing

a

case

on

file

利害关系人

interested

party

临时裁决书

interim

award

律师见证书

lawyer's

written

attestatio

n;

lawyer's

written

authentication

律师事务所

law

office;

law

firm

律师提前介入

prior

intervention

by

la

wyer

免于刑事处分

exemption

from

criminal

penalty

民事案件

civil

case

民事审判庭

civil

tribunal

民事诉讼

civil

action

民事诉讼法

Civil

Procedural

Law

扭送

seize

and

deliver

a

suspect

to

t

he

police

派出法庭

detached

tribunal

派出所

police

station

判决

judgement;

determination

判决书

judgement;

determination;

ver

dict

（指陪审团作出的）

旁证

circumstantial

evidence

陪审员

juror

批准逮捕

approval

of

arrest

破案

clear

up

a

criminal

case;

solve

a

criminal

case

破产

bankruptcy;

insolvency

普通程序

general/ordinary

procedure

普通管辖

general

jurisdiction

企业法人破产还债程序

procedure

of

ba

nkruptcy

and

liquidation

of

a

business

c

orporation

起诉

filing

of

a

lawsuit

起诉

sue;

litigate;

prosecute;

instituti

on

of

proceedings

起诉状

indictment;

information

区县检察院

grassroots

People's

Procu

ratorate

取保候审

the

bail

pending

trial

with

r

estricted

liberty

of

moving

缺席判决

default

judgement

人民调解委员会

People's

Mediation

Co

mmittee

认定财产无主案件

cases

concerning

d

etermination

of

property

as

qwnerless