-
汽车术语及定义
一、车辆类型
—
GB/T
3730.1
—
88
1.
汽车
—
motor vehicle.
2.
货车
(
载货汽车<
/p>
)
—
motor truck..
p>
3.
微型货车
—
m
ini truck.
4.
轻型货车
—
light truck.
5.
中
型货车
—
medium truck.
6.
重型货车
—
heavy
truck.
7.
越野汽车
—
off
—
road vehicle.
p>
8.
轻型越野汽车
—
light off
—
road vehicle.
9.
中型越野汽车
—
medium off
—
road vehicle.
10.
重型越野汽车
—
heavy off
—
road vehicle.
11.
超重型越野汽车
—
extra heavy off
—
road
vehicle.
12.
自卸汽车
—
dump truck.
13.
轻型
自卸汽车
—
light dump truck.
14.
中型自卸汽车
—
m
edium dump truck.
15.
重型自卸汽车<
/p>
—
heavy dump truck.
16.
矿用自卸汽车
—
mining
dump truck.
17.
牵引汽车
—
towing vehicle.
18.
半挂牵引汽车
—
semi
—
trailer towing vehicle.
19.<
/p>
全挂牵引汽车
—
full
—
trailer towing vehicle.
1
/
21
<
/p>
20.
专用汽车
—
special purpose vehicle.
21.
厢式汽车
—
van.
22.
罐式汽车
—
tanker.
23.
起重举升汽车
—
cra
ne/lift truck.
24.
专用自卸汽车
—
special tipper.
25.<
/p>
仓栅式汽车
—
box/stake
truck.
26.
特种结构汽车
—
special construction vehicle.
27.
客车
—
bus.
28.
微型客车
—
mi
ni
—
bus.
29.
轻型客车
—
light bus.
30.
中型客车
—
mediu
m bus.
31.
中型城市客车
—
medium city bus.
32.
< br>中型长途客车
—
medium intercity
bus.
33.
中型旅游客车
—
p>
medium sightseeing bus.
34.
中型团体客车
—
medium
private bus.
35.
大型客车
< br>—
large bus.
36.
大型城市客车
—
large city bus.
37.
大型长途客车
—
large intercity bus.
38.
大型旅游
客车
—
large sightseeing bus.
p>
39.
大型团体客车
—
large private bus.
40.
特大型客
车
—
extra bus.
2
/
21
<
/p>
41.
铰接客车
—
articulated bus.
42.
双层客车
—
double
—
d
eck bus.
43.
轿车
—
p>
passenger car.
44.
微
型轿车
—
minicar .
45.
普通级轿车
—
subcompact
car.
46.
中级轿车
—
compact car.
47.
中高级轿车
—
intermediate car.
48.
高级轿车
—
limousi
ne car.
49.
半挂车
—
p>
semi
—
trailer.
50.
轻型半挂车
—
li
ght semi
—
trailer.
51.
中型半挂车
—
medium
semi
—
trailer.
52.
重型半挂车
—
heavy
semi
—
trailer.
53.
超重型半挂车
—
extra
heavy semi
—
trailer.
二、车辆质量
—
GB/T
3730.2
—
92
1.
底盘干质量
—
chassis dry
mass;
2.
底盘整备质量
—
p>
chassis kerb mass;
3.
底盘与驾驶室干质量
—
chassis and cab
dry mass;
4.
底盘与驾驶室整备质量
—
chassis and cab kerb mass;
5.
整车干质量
—
comp
lete vehicle dry mass;
6.
整车整
备质量
—
complete vehicle kerb
mass;
3
/
21
7.
最大总质量
—
maximum total mass;
8.
厂定最大总质量
—maximummanufacturer’s
total ma
ss;
9.
允许最
大总质量
—
maximum authorized
total mass;
10.
最大装载质量
—
maximum laden mass;
11.
厂定最大装载质量
—maximum
manufacturer’s laden mass;
1
2.
允许最大装载质量
—
maximu
m authorized laden mass;
13.
最大轴载质量
—
maximum axle laden
mass;
14.
厂定最大轴载质量
—maximum manufacturer’s axle laden
mass;
15.
允许最大轴载质量
—
maximum authorized axle
laden mass;
16.
最大拖挂质量
—
maximum towed mass;
17.
厂定最大拖挂质量
—manufacturer’s
maximumtowed mass;
18.
允许最大拖挂质量
—
authorized
maximum towed mass;
19.
汽车列车最
大总质量
—
maximum total mass of
train;
20.
汽车列车厂定最大总质量
—maximum manufacturer’s total mass
of
train;
21.
汽车列车
允许最大总质量
—
maximum authorized
total mass of train;
22.
铰接车最
大总质量
—
maximum of an
articulated vehicle;
三、车辆尺寸
—
GB/T
3730.3
—
92
1.
车长
—
vehicle length;
2.
汽车长
—
mot
or vehicle length;
3.
全挂车长
—
full trailer length;
4.
半挂车长
—
semi-
trailer length;
4
/
21
<
/p>
5.
车宽
—
ve
hicle width;
6.
车高
(
无装载质量
)
—
vehicle height(unladen);
7.
轴距
—
wheel space;
8.
汽车及全挂车轴距
—
motor
vehicle or full trailer wheel space;
9.
半挂车轴距
—
semi-
trailer wheel space;
10.
轮距
p>
—
track;
11.
< br>前悬
—
front overhang;
12.
后悬
—
rear
overhang;
13.
最小离地间隙
—
ground clearance;
14.
纵向通过角
—
ramp angle;
15.
接近角
—
ap
proach angle;
16.
离去角
< br>—
departure angle;
17.
车架高度
—
height of
chassis above ground:
18.
驾驶室
后车架最大可用长度
(
带驾驶室的车辆
)
—
maximumusablelengthofchass
isbehindcab(vehicle with cab);
19.
车身长度
—
bodywork length;
20.
轿车和客车车身长
—
bodywork length of passenger car and bus; p>
21.
带有驾驶室的底盘上的车身长度
—b
odywork length of chassis with driver’s
cab;
22.
车箱
(
厢
)
内部最大尺寸
—
maximum internal dimensions of
body;
23.
牵引架长
—
draw gear length;
5
/
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<
/p>
24.
牵引杆长
—
drawbar length
25.
牵引装置的位置
—
position of towing
attachment;
26.
牵引装置高度
—
height of towing attachment;
27.
牵引装置前置距
—
distance of towing attachment in front of rear of
vehicle;
28.
牵引座前置距
—
fifth-wheel lead;
29.
长度计算用牵引座前置距
—
fifth-
wheel lead for calculation of length;
3
0.
质量分配计算用牵引座前置距
—
f
ifth-wheel lead for calculation of mass
distribution;
31.
牵引座结合高度
—
height of coupling
face;
32.
牵引装置至车辆前端的距离
—
distance between towing device and
front
end of towing vehicle;
33.
牵引座牵引销孔至车辆前端的距离
—
< br>distance betweenfifth-wheel coupling
pin andfront end oftowing vehicle;
34.
半挂牵引车后回转半径
—
rear fitting radius of semi-trailer towing
vehicle;
35.
半挂车间隙半径
—
rear tractor clearance radius of
semi-trailer;
36.
半挂车前回转半径
—
front fitting radius of semi-
trailer;
37.
车轮外倾
—
camber angle;
38.
主销内倾
—
kingpin inclination;
p>
39.
主销偏移距
—
kingpin offset;
40.
前束
—
toe-in;
41.
主销后倾距
—
castor;
42.
车轮铅垂动行程
—
vertical
clearance of wheel;
6
/
21
<
/p>
43.
车轮提升高度
—
< br>lift of wheel;
44.
转弯直径
—
turning circle diameters;
45.
转弯通道圆
—
t
urning clearance circles.
四、轿车车身术语
—
JB3653
—
84
(
一
)
、设计
术语
1.
车身
—
body; body assembly.
2.
车身本体
—
body shell;
main body.
3.
车身机构
—
mechanical hard ware of body.
< br>4.
车身覆盖件
—
cover
panel; body outer panel.
5.
车
身结构件
—
structural member; body
structure.
6.
非承载式车身
—
body chassis frame construction;
separate frame
construction.
7.
承载式车身
—
unitary
construction body; unit body construction;
integral
body; panel structure body.
p>
8.
折背式车身
—
pontoon type; notch back body;
three
—
box type body.
9.
直背式车身
—
fast
back body; two
—
box type
body.
10.
舱背式车身
—
p>
hatch back body;
two
—
box type body.
11.
短背式车身
—
cut
—
off back body;
two
—
box type body.
12.
客厢
—
passenger
compartment.
13.
发动机舱
< br>—
engine compartment.
14.<
/p>
行李箱
—
trunk; luggage
compartment; luggage hold.
7
/
21
<
/p>
15.
车身前部
—
front body.
16.
车身后部
< br>—
rear body.
17.
车身底部
—
under body.
18.
车身侧部
—
side
body.
19.
车身裙部
—
skirt .
20.
腰线
—
waist line; belt line; door belt;
fascia.
21.
开缝线
—
p>
opening line.
22.
轮口
—
wheel opening; wheel arch.
23.
脚部空间
—
foot well.
24.
内饰
—
interior trimming.
25.
外饰
—
exterior trimming.
26.
内饰件
—
upholstery.
27.
外饰件
—
exterior trimming part.
2
8.
车身附件
—
body
accessories.
(
二
)<
/p>
、结构术语
1.
板件
—
pressing panel.
2.
骨架件
—
member
.
3.
支撑件
—
brace.
4.
加强件
—
p>
reinforcement; stiffness.
5.
p>
固定件
—
stay.
6.
角撑件
—
gusset.
8
/
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<
/p>
7.
衬板
—
pa
tch.
8.
罩
—
< br>housing.
9.
盖
—<
/p>
lid.
10.
支架
< br>—
support; supporter.
11.<
/p>
托架
—
bracket.
12.
挡板
—
guard.
13.
隔板
—
retainer.
14.
护板
<
/p>
15.
衬垫
—
p
ad.
16.
槽
—
< br>gutter.
17.
沟
—<
/p>
groove.
18.
筋
—
rid.
19.
装饰条
—
moulding.
(
五
)
、零部件名词
p>
1.
前翼板
—
fr
ont fender; front wing.
2.
发动
机罩前支撑板
—
front end panel; nose
panel.
3.
发动机罩
—
engine hood bonnet.
4.
发动机罩安全拉钩
—
hoodsafetycatch;h
oodsafetylock;hoodauxiliarycatch;hook;hoodsecondar
y latch.
5.
前裙板
—
p>
frontvalancepanel;frontskirtpanel;frontlo
wershroud;frontbumperstone;reflector;fairi
< br>ng panel front apron.
9
/
21
<
/p>
6.
散热器固定框
—
radiator support; lamp support; shroud panel; front
bulkhead; front baffle;
deflector.
7.
前挡泥板
—
front fender apron; wheel apron;
fender skirt; hood ledge .
8.
前横梁
—
front cross member;
front cross rail.
9.
前纵梁
—
front side member; front side
rail.; front side frame.
10.
前围上盖板
—
cowl top; cowl upper;
shroud upper panel; front panel.
11.
前围板
—
dash panel; dash
board; toe board; fire wall.
12.
前围侧板
—
cowl side panel;
dash side; shroud side.
13.
后
围上盖板
—
upper back panel; rear
waist panel; back window lower panel;
rear deck panel.
14.
< br>后围板
—
rear end panel; lower
back panel; rear skirt panel.
15.
行李箱盖
—
trunk lid; rear
compartment lid; luggage compartment door; deck
lid; boot lid.
16.
后窗窗台
—
shelf panel; package
tray panel; parcel shelf panel; rear shelf;
rear luggage shelf panel.
17
.
地板
—
floor pan
floor panel; floor board.
18.
后纵梁
—
rear side member; floor
side member; floor side rail rear floor side
frame.
19.
地板横梁
—
floor cross member.
20.
车轮档泥罩
—
wheel
housing panel.
21.
顶盖
< br>—
roof panel; top.
22.
上边梁
—
roof rail.
10
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