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大学英语精读3课文(第三版)_中英文对照

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2021-02-06 07:51
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2021年2月6日发(作者:筛子)


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课文翻译



Unit 1



Text







A young man finds that strolling along the streets without an obvious


purpose


can


lead


to


trouble


with


the


law.


One


misunderstanding


leads


to


another until eventually he must appear in court for trial……



一个青年发现,


在大 街上毫无明显目的地游逛会招致警方的责罚。




会一个接一个发生,最终他只得出庭受审……



A Brush with the Law
















与警察的一场小冲突



I have only once been in trouble with the law.


我平生只有一次跟警方发


生纠葛。



The


whole


process


of


being


arrested


and


taken


to


court


was


a


rather


unpleasant experience at the time, but it makes a good story now.


被捕和


出庭的整个过程在当时是一件非常不愉快的事,


但现在倒成了一篇很


好的故事。



What makes it rather disturbing was the arbitrary circumstances both of my


arrest and my subsequent fate in court.


这次经历令人可恼之处在于围绕


着我的被捕以及随后庭上审讯而 出现的种种武断专横的情况。



可编辑



.


It


happened


in February about


twelve


years


ago.


< p>
事情发生在大约


12



前 ,其时正是


2


月。



I had left school a couple of months before that and was not due to go to


university until the following October.


几个月前我中学毕业了,但上大


学要等到


10


月。




I was still living at home at the time.


当时我还在家中居住。



One morning I was in Richmond, a suburb of London near where I lived.


一天早晨,我来到里士满。


这 里是伦敦的一个郊区,离我住的地方不


远。



I was looking for a temporary job so that I could save up some money to go


travelling.


我在寻找一份临时工作,以便积些钱去旅游。



As it was a fine day and I was in no hurry, I was taking my time, looking in


shop


windows,


strolling


in


the


park,


and


sometimes


just


stopping


and


looking around me.


由于天气晴朗,


当时又无急事,


我便慢悠悠看看橱


窗,逛逛 公园。有时干脆停下脚步,四处张望。



It must have been this obvious aimlessness that led to my downfall.


现在看


来,一定是这种明显的毫无目的的 游逛,使我倒了霉。



It was about half past eleven when it happened.


事情发生在


11


点半钟光


景。



可编辑



.


I


was


just


walking


out


of


the


local


library,


having


unsuccessfully


sought


employment


there,


when


I


saw


a


man


walking


across


the


road


with


the


obvious intention of talking to me.


我在当地图书馆谋职未成 ,


刚刚走出


来,便看到一个人穿越马路,显然是要来跟我说话。



I thought he was going to ask me the time. Instead, he said he was a police


officer and he was arresting me.



我以为他要问我时间,


不料他说他是 警


官,要逮捕我。



At


first


I


thought


it


was


some


kind


of


joke.


But


then


another


policeman


appeared, this time in uniform, and I was left in no doubt.

< p>
起先我还以为


这是在开玩笑,


但又一个警察出现在 我的面前,


这次是位身着警服的,


这一下使我确信无疑了。



'But what for?' I asked. “为什么要抓我?”我问道。




荡,企图作案,”他说。



'What offence?' I asked. “作什么案?”我又问。



'Theft,' he said. “偷窃,”他说。



'Theft of what?' I asked. “偷什么?”我追问。



'Milk bottles,' he said, and with a perfectly straight face too! “牛奶瓶,”


他板着面孔说道。



可编辑



.


'Oh,' I said. “噢,”我说。



It turned out there had been a lot of petty thefts in the area, particularly that


of stealing milk bottles from doorsteps.


事情原来是这样的,在这一地区


多次发 生小的扒窃案,特别是从门前台阶上偷走牛奶瓶。



Then I made my big mistake.


接着,我犯了一个大错误。



At the time I was nineteen, had long untidy hair, and regarded myself as part


of the sixties' 'youth countercultrue.


其时我年方


19



留一头蓬乱的长发,


自认为是< /p>


60


年代“青年反主流文化”的一员。



As a result, I want to appear cool and unconcerned with the incident, so I


said,


'How


long


have


you


been


following


me?'


in


the


most


casual


and


conversational tone I could manage.


所以我想装出一副冷漠的、对这一


事件满不在乎的样子。


于是我尽量用一种漫不经心的极其随便的腔调

< br>说,“你们跟踪我多久啦?”




I thus appeared to them to be quite familiar with this sort of situation, and it


confirmed them in their belief that I was a thoroughly disreputable character.

这样一来,在他们眼里,我就像是非常熟悉这一套的了,也使他们更


加确信我是一个 地地道道的坏蛋。



A few minutes later a police car arrived.


几分钟后,开来了一辆警车。



'Get in the back,


and don't move them.'


“坐到后面去,


”他们说。


“把手放到前排座位


可编辑



.


的靠背上,不准挪动。”



They got in on either side of me. It wasn't funny any more.


他们分别坐在


我的两边。这可再也不是闹着玩的了。



At the police station they questioned me for several hours.


在警察局,


他们


审讯了 我好几个小时。




I continued to try to look worldly and au fait with the situation.


我继续装


成老于世故、对这种 事习以为常。




When they asked me what I had been doing, I told them I'd been looking


for a job.


当他们问我在干什么时,我告诉他们在找工作。



'Aha,' I could see them thinking, 'unemployed'.


“啊,”我可以想象他们


在想, “果然是个失业的家伙。”



Eventually,


I


was


officially


charged


and


told


to


report


to


Richmond


Magistrates' Court the following Monday. Then they let me go.


最后,


我被


正式起诉,


并通知 我下周一到里士满地方法庭受审。


随后他们让我离


开。



I


wanted


to


conduct


my


own


defence


in


court,


but


as


soon


as


my


father


found out what had happened, he hired a very good solicitor.

< br>我想在法庭


上作自我辩护,但父亲知道这事后,马上请了一位高明的律师。



We went along that Monday armed with all kinds of witnesses, including my


可编辑



.


English teacher from school as a character witness.


我们星期一出庭的时


候,带了各种各样的证人,


其中包括我中学的英语老师,做我人品的

见证人。



But he was never called on to give evidence. My 'trial' didn't get that far.



结果法庭没有叫他作证。我的“审判” 没有进行到那一步。



The magistrate dismissed the case after fifteen minutes.

< br>开庭


15


分钟,法


官就驳回了对 我的指控。



I was free. The poor police had never stood a chance.


我无罪获释。 可怜


的警方一点儿赢的机会都没有。



The solicitor even succeeded in getting costs awarded against the police.



的律师甚至让法庭责成警方承担了诉讼费用。



And so I do not have a criminal record.


这样,


我的履历上没有留下犯罪


的记录 。




But what was most shocking at the time was the things my release from the


charge so clearly depended on.


但当时最令人震惊的,是那些显然导致

宣布我无罪的证据。



I


had


the


'right'


accent,


respectable


middle-class


parents


in


court,


reliable


witnesses, and I could obviously afford a very good solicitor.


我讲话的口


音“表明我教养良好”,


到庭的有体 面的中产阶级的双亲,


有可靠的


证人,还有,我显然请得起一名 很好的律师。



可编辑



.


Given the obscure nature of the charge, I feel sure that if I had come from a


different background, and had really been unemployed, there is every chance


that I would have been found guilty.


从对我指控的这种捕风捉影的做法


来看,我肯定,

< br>如果我出身在另一种背景的家庭里,并且真的是失了


业的话,我完全可能被判有罪 。



While


asking


for


costs


to


be


awarded,


my


solicitor's


case


quite


obviously


revolved around the fact that I had a 'brilliant academic record'.


当我的律


师要求赔偿诉讼费时,


他公然把辩护的证据建立在我“学业优异”这


一事实上。



Meanwhile,


just


outside


the


courtroom,


one


of


the


policemen


who


had


arrested me was gloomily complaining to my mother that another youngster


had been turned against the police.


与此同时,


就在审判室外面,


一位抓


我的警察正在沮丧地向我母亲抱怨,


说是又一个小伙子要跟警察作对


了。



'You could have been a bit more helpful when we arrested you,' he said to


me


reproachfully.


他带着责备的口气对我说,“我们抓你的时候,你


本可以稍微帮点忙 的。”



What did he mean?



他说这话什么意思


?



Presumably


that


I


should


have


looked


outraged


and


said


something


like,


'Look


here,


do


you


know


who


you're


talking


to?


I


am


a


highly


successful


可编辑



.


student with a brilliant academic record. How dare you arrest me!'

大概是说


我本该显出愤愤不平的样子,并说,“喂,留神点,你知道你在跟谁


说话


?


我是学业出众的高材生。你敢抓我!”



Then they, presumably, would have apologized, perhaps even taken off their


caps, and let me on my way.

< p>
那样一来,他们或许会向我道歉,说不定


还会脱帽致意,让我走开呢。



NEW WORDS


(新词)







brush



n.



brief fight or encounter


小冲突;小接触







process



n.



course; method, esp. one used in manufacture


过程;制作法







arbitrary



a.



based on one's own opinion only, not on reason


任意的;武断的







circumstance



n.



(usu. pl.) conditions, facts, etc. connected with an event or person



况,环境







subsequent



a.



following, later


随后的,接下去的



可编辑



.






fate



n.



what will happen or happened to sb. or sth.


命运







due



a.



expected; supposed (to)


预期的;约定的;到期的







temporary



a.



lasting only for a limited time


暂时的







stroll



a.



walk at leisure


散步,闲逛







obvious



a.



easily seen or understood; clear


明显的,显而易见的







downfall



n.



ruin


垮台;衰落







employment



n.



one's regular work or occupation; job


职业;工作







wander



vi. move about without a purpose


闲逛;漫游







commit



可编辑



.


vt. do (sth. wrong, bad, or unlawful)


干(坏事)


,犯(错误、罪)







arrestable



a.



deserving to be arrested







offence (AmE offense)



n.



crime; the hurting of feelings; something unpleasant


罪行;冒犯;不


愉快的事







straight face







a face or expression that shows no emotion, humor, or thought


板着


的脸







petty



a.



small; unimportant


小的;不足道的







doorstep



n.



a step in front of a door







regard



vt. consider in the stated way


把……看作;把认为


(as)







counterculture



n.



a culture, esp. of the young who oppose the traditional standards and


customs of their society


反主流文化



可编辑



.






unconcerned



a.



not worried; untroubled; indifferent


无忧虑的;淡漠的







casual



a.



careless; informal


漫不经心的,随便的







conversational



a.



of or commonly used in talking


会话(用)的







confirm



vt. make certain; support


证实,肯定;确定







belief



n.



something believed; trust


相信;信念;信仰







thoroughly



ad. completely; in every way


完全地,彻底地







thorough



a.







disreputable



a.



having or showing a bad character; having a bad name


声名狼籍的







worldly



a.



experienced in the ways of society


老于世故的



可编辑



.






au fait



a.



(F) familiar


熟悉的;精通的







aha



int. a cry of surprise, satisfaction, etc.


啊哈!







magistrate



n.



civil officer acting as a judge in the lowest courts


地方法官







conduct



vt. direct the course of; manage


处理;主持;引导;指挥







defence (AmE defense)



n.



the act of defending in court the person who has been charged


辨护







solicitor



n.



(esp. in Britain) lawyer who advises clients on legal matters and speaks


on their behalf in lower courts


(初级)律师







witness



n.



a person who gives evidence in a court of law; sth. serving as evidence


or proof


证人;证据







trial



可编辑



.


n.



the act or fact of examining and deciding a civil or criminal case by a


law court


审判







dismiss



vt. (of a judge) stop (a court case)


驳回,对……不予受理







cost



n.



(pl.) the cost of having a matter settled in a law court. esp. that paid to


the winning party by the losing party


诉讼费







award



vt. give by a decision in court of law; give or grant by an official decision



给;授予







accent



n.



way of speaking typical of the natives or residents of a region, or of any


other group


口音;腔调







respectable



a.



deserving respect


值得尊敬的







reliable



a.



that may be relied or depended upon


可靠的,可信赖的







given



可编辑



.


prep. taking into account; if allowed or provided with


考虑到;假定







obscure



a.



not clearly seen or understood


模糊的;晦涩的







guilty



a.



having broken a law; showing or feeling that one has done wrong


有罪


的;内疚的







revolve



v.



(cause to) go round in a circle


(使)旋转







brilliant



a.



causing great admiration or satisfaction; splendid


辉煌的;卓越的







courtroom



n.



a room where a law court is held


审判室







meanwhile



ad. during the same period of time


同时







gloomily



ad. depressedly, dejectedly


忧郁地;沮丧地







complain



可编辑



.


vi. speak in an unhappy, annoyed, dissatisfied way


抱怨







complaint



n.







reproachfully



ad.


责备地







presumably



ad. probably







outrage



vt. arouse anger or resentment by injury or insult


引起……的气愤







successful



a.



having done what one has tried to do; having gained a high position in


life, one's job. etc.


成功的;有成就的







apologize



vi. say one is sorry


道歉,谢罪



apology




n.


道歉,歉意



PHRASES & EXPRESSIONS





take sb. to court



可编辑



.




start an action in law against sb.


对某人提出诉讼





a couple of





(informal) a small number of, a few, usually two


少数,几(个)




一对





save up





keep for future use; put money away in the form of savings


储蓄





take one's time





do sth. in a leisurely manner; not hurry


慢慢来,不着急





at first





at the beginning


起先





turn out





prove to be


结果;证明是





call on





ask (sb.) to do sth. esp. formally


要求





stand a chance





have an opportunity; be likely to do or get sth.


有机会,有希望





revolve around





have as a center or main subject


围绕



可编辑



.




turn against





(cause to) oppose, be hostile to













PROPER NAMES





Richmond





里士满(英国地名)





Richmond Magistrates' Court





里士满地方法院



Unit 2



Text



Fruitful Questions



获益匪浅的问题



The other night at the dinner table, my three kids--ages 9,6 and 4--took time


out from their food fight to teach me about paradigm shifts, and limitations


of linear thinking and how to refocus parameters.


不久前的一个晚上在餐


桌旁,


我的三个孩子


--


年龄分别为


9


岁、


6


岁和


4



--


暂时停止争抢食


物,


腾出时间教我认识什么是范式变换、


什 么是线性思考的局限以及


如何重新看待相关的各种因素。



Here



s


how


it


happened:


We


were


playing


our


own


oral


version


of


the


可编辑



.


Sesame Street game,



What Doesn



t Belong?,



where kids look at three


pictures and choose the one that doesn



t fit. I said,



OK, what doesn



t


belong, an orange, a tomato or a strawberry?




事情是这 样的:当时我们


在玩自己那套只动嘴的“哪个不是同一类?”的芝麻街游戏。

< p>
本来玩


这游戏时,


孩子们要看三张画并挑出那张不 属同一类的画。


我说:


“来


吧,哪个不 是同一类,桔子,西红柿,还是草莓?”



The


oldest


didn



t


take


more


than


a


second


to


deliver


his


smug


answer:



Tomato because the other two are fruits.



I agreed that this was the right


answer despite the fact that some purists insist a tomato is a fruit. To those


of us forced as kids to eat them in salads, tomatoes will always be vegetables.


老大很快就说出了自以为非常得意的答案:


“西红柿,


因为其他两种


是水果。


”我承认这是正确答案,


尽管有些纯粹主义者坚决认为西红


柿是一种水果。

对我们这些从小就被迫吃拌在色拉里的西红柿的人来


说,西红柿永远是蔬菜。




I was about to think up another set of three when my 4-year-old said,



The


right answer is strawberry because the other two are round and a strawberry


isn


’< /p>


t.



How could I argue with that?


我正准备再出一道三种东西为一

组的题目时,我


4


岁的孩子说:“正确答案是草莓,因为另 外两种是


圆的,草莓却不圆。”我怎么能驳斥这种论点呢?



Then


my


6-year- old


said,



It



s


the


orange


because


the


other


two


are


red.



Not to be outdone by his younger siblings, the 9-year-old said,



It


可编辑



.


could also be the orange because the other two grow on vines.




接着,我


6


岁的孩子说:

< br>“不属同一类的是桔子,


因为另外两种是红色的。


”9< /p>


岁的孩子不想让弟妹占上风,说道:“不是同一类的也可以是桔子,


因为其他两种长在藤上。”



The middle one took this as a direct challenge.



It could be the strawberry


because it



s the only one you put on ice cream.




老二把这看作对他发


出的挑战。“可以是草莓,因为只有草莓会放在冰淇淋上。”



Something was definitely happening here.


毫无疑问,这里正发生着什么


事儿。



It was messier than a food fight and much more important than whether a


tomato is a fruit or vegetable.


这事儿比争抢食物还乱,


比西红柿是水果


还是蔬菜重要 得多。



My


kids


were


doing


what


Copernicus


did


when


he


placed


the


sun


at


the


center


of


the


universe,


readjusting


the


centuries-old


paradigm


of


an


Earth- centered


system.


哥白尼把太阳视为宇宙中 心,重新调整了地心


说这一长达数世纪的范式,我的孩子们正做着哥白尼当年做的事。< /p>



They were doing what Reuben Mattus did when he renamed his Bronx ice


cre


am H?agen


-Dazs and raised the price without changing the product.



宾·马修斯把他的布朗克斯冰淇淋改名为哈根达斯,


在不改变产品的


情况下提高了价格,我的孩子们正做着鲁宾·马修斯做过 的事。



可编辑



.


They were doing what Edward Jenner did when he discovered a vaccination


for smallpox by abandoning his quest for a cure.


爱德华·詹纳放弃了寻


找治疗天花的特 效药,


从而发现了能预防这一疾病的疫苗,


我的孩子

< p>
们正做着爱德华·詹纳做过的事。



Instead of studying people who were sick with smallpox, he began to study


people who were exposed to it but never got sick. He found that they



d all


contracted


a


similar


but


milder


disease,


cow


pox,


which


vaccinated


them


against


the


deadly


smallpox.


他不去研究得了天花的患者,而去研究接


触天花却从未染上此病的人。

< br>他发现他们都患了一种类似天花但比较


轻微的疾病:牛痘;牛痘使他们得以防止染 上致命的天花。



They were refocusing the parameters. They were redefining the problems.


他们在重新看待相关的各种因素。他们在重新认识他们的问题。



They were reframing the questions.


他们在重新表述他们的问题。



In


short,


they


were


doing


what


every


scientist


who



s


ever


made


an


important


discovery


throughout


history


has


done,


according


to


Thomas


Kuhn,


in


his


book,


The


Structure


of


Scientific


Revolutions:


They


were


shifting old paradigms.


总之,


据托马斯·库恩在他的


《科学革命的结构》


一书中所言,他们正做着历史上有过重大发现的科学家都曾做过的


事:他们在改变旧的范 式。



But if this had been a workbook exercise in school, every kid who didn



t


可编辑



.


circle tomato would have been marked wrong.


但假若我们的游戏是学校


里做在作业本上的练习 ,


那么没有把西红柿圈出来的孩子全都会被批


为答错。




Every


kid


who


framed


the


question


differently


than



Which


is


not


a


fruit?



would have been wrong.


凡是没有把问题解读为“哪个不是水


果”的孩子都是错的。



Maybe that explains why so many of the world



s most brilliant scientists


and


inventors


were


failures


in


school,


the


most


notable


being


Albert


Einstein, who was perhaps this century



s most potent paradigm-shifter.



许这种 情形说明了为什么世界上最杰出的科学家和发明家中有那么


多的人读书时是不及格的学生 。


其中最引人注目的是阿尔贝特·爱因


斯坦,他也许是本世纪最 有影响的范式改变者。



This


is


not


meant


to


be


a


critique


of


schools.


Lord


knows,


that



s


easy


enough to do.

这样说,并不是想对学校评头品足。天知道,发一通议


论太容易了。



This


is,


instead,


a


reminder


that


there


are


real


limits


to


the


value


of


information.


这样说,不过是想提醒大家信息的价值实在是有限的。



I


bring


this


up


because


we


seem


to


be


at


a


point


in


the


evolution


of


our


society where everyone is clamoring for more technology, for instant access


to ever-growing bodies of information.


我提出这一点,是因为我们的社


可编辑



.


会似乎发展到了这样一个阶段,


人 人都大声要求得到更多的技术,



声要求即刻享用不断增多的信 息。



Students


must


be


online.


Your


home


must


be


digitally


connected


to


the


World Wide Web.



学生们必须联机。你们家必须用数码与环球信息网


连通。




Businesses must be able to download volumes of data instantaneously. But


unless


we


shift


our


paradigms


and


refocus


our


parameters,


the


super


information


highway


will


lead


us


nowhere.


企业必须能即 时下载大量资


料。但是,除非我们改变范式、重新看待相关的各种因素,否则,信


息高速公路就不会给我们带来什么结果。



We


are


not


now,


nor


have


we


recently


been


suffering


from


a


lack


of


information. Think how much more information we have than Copernicus


had four centuries ago.


无论是现在还是最近,我们都不缺信息。试 想


我们拥有的信息比四百年前的哥白尼多了多少。



And


he


didn



t


do


anything


less


Earth-shattering


(pun


intended)


than


completely


change


the


way


the


universe


was


viewed.


但他作出了足以震


撼 地球的(权作双关语)惊人之举,完全改变了人们对宇宙的看法。



He


didn



t


do


it


by


uncovering


more


information--he


did


it


by


looking


differently at information everyone else already had looked at.


他作出此举


不是靠发现更多的信息,


而是靠用不同的眼光来看大家都看到过的信


可编辑



.


息。



Edward


Jenner


didn



t


invent


preventive


medicine


by


accumulating


information; he did it by reframing the question.


爱德华·詹 纳不是靠积


累信息发明预防药物,而是靠重新表述问题。



What


we need as we begin


to downshift onto


the


information highway


is


not more information but new ways of looking at it.


当我们开始驶入信息


高速公路 时,我们所需要的不是更多的信息,而是看信息的新方法。



We


need


to


discover,


as


my


kids


did,


that


there


is


more


than


one


right


answer, there is more than one right question and there is more than one


way to look at a body of information.


我们应该像 我的孩子所做的那样,


去发现有一个以上的正确答案、


有一个以 上正确的问题、


有一个以上


看一堆信息的方法。



We need to remember that when you have only a hammer, you tend to see


every problem as a nail.



我们应该记住:


当你只有一把锤子时,


你往往 把每个问题都看作钉子。




Unit 3



Text



Every teacher probably asks himself time and again: What are the reasons


for choosing teaching as a career?


也许每位教师都一再问过自己:为什


可编辑



.


么选择教书作为自己的职业?



Do the rewards teaching outweigh the trying comments? Answering these


questions is not a simple task. Let's see what the author says.


教书得到的

< br>回报是否使老师的烦恼显得不值得多谈?回答这些问题并非易事。



我们看看本文的作者说了些什么。



Why I Teach



我为什么当教师













Peter G. Beidler



Why


do


you


teach?


My


friend


asked


the


question


when


I


told


him


that


I


didn't want to be considered for an administrative position.


你为什么要教


书呢


?


当我告诉一位朋友我不想谋求行政职务时,


他便向我提出这一

< br>问题。



He was puzzled that I did not want what was obviously a


what


all


Americans


are


taught


to


want


when


they


grow


up:


money


and


power.


所有美国人受的教育是长大成人后应该追求金钱 和权力,


而我


却偏偏不要明明是朝这个目标“迈进”的工作,他 为之大惑不解。



Certainly I don't teach because teaching is easy for me.


当然,我之所以教


书不是因为我觉得教书轻松。



Teaching is the most difficult of the various ways I have attempted to earn


可编辑



.


my living: mechanic, carpenter, writer.


我做过各种各样的工作,籍以谋


生:机修工、木工、作家,教书 是其中最难的一行。



For me, teaching is a red-eye, sweaty-palm, sinking-stomach profession.



我来说,教书是个会令人熬红眼睛 、手掌出汗、精神沮丧的职业。




Red-eye, because I never feel ready to teach no matter how late I stay up


preparing.


说熬红眼睛,这是因为我晚上无论备课 备到多晚,总觉得


备得还不充分。



Sweaty-palm, because I'm always nervous before I enter the classroom, sure


that I will be found out for the fool that I am.


说手掌出汗,这是因为我


跨进教室之前总是非常紧张,


自认为学生一定会发觉原来我是个傻瓜


蛋。



Sinking-stomach, because I leave the classroom an hour later convinced that


I was even more boring than usual.


说精神沮丧,


这是因为我


1

小时后走


出教室时,确信这堂课上得比平常还要平淡无味。



Nor


do


I


teach


because


I


think


I


know


answers,


or


because


I


have


knowledge I feel compelled to share.


我之所以教书,也不是因为我认为


自己能够解答问题,


或者因为我有满腹学问,


觉得非与别人分享不可。



Sometimes I am amazed that my students actually take notes on what I say


in class!


有时我感到很惊异,学生竟真的把我课上讲的东西做了笔记


!



Why, then, do I teach?


这样说来,我为什么还要教书呢


?



可编辑



.


I


teach


because


I


like


the


pace


of


the


academic


calendar.


June,


July,


and


August offer an opportunity for reflection, research and writing.


我教书,< /p>


是因为我喜爱校历的步调。


6


月、


7


月和


8


月提供了一 个供思考、研


究和创作的机会。



I teach because teaching is a profession built on change. When the material


is the same, I change


——


and, more important, my students change.


我教


书,


是因为教学是建立在“变化”这一基础上的职业。


教材还是原来


的教材,但我自身却变化了


--


更重要的是,我的学生变化了。



I teach because I like the freedom to make my own mistakes, to learn my


own lessons, to stimulate myself and my students.


我教书,< /p>


是因为我喜欢


有让自己犯错误的自由,


有 让自己吸取教训的自由,


有激励自己和激


励学生的自由。



As a teacher, I'm my own boss. If I want my freshmen to learn to write by


creating their own textbook, who is to say I can't?


作为教师,我可以自行


做主。如果 我想要求一年级学生通过自行编写课本的办法来学习写


作,谁能说我不可以那样做呢


?




Such courses may be huge failures, but we can all learn from failures.


这样


的课程也许会彻底失败, 但我们都可以从失败的尝试中获得教益。



I teach because I like to ask questions that students must struggle to answer.


我教书,是因为我喜欢向学生提出必须绞尽 脑汁才能回答的问题。



可编辑



.


The


world


is


full


of


right


answers


to


bad


questions.


While


teaching,


I


sometimes


find


good


questions.


我 们这个世界有无穷无尽的正确答案


来对付拙劣的问题。


何况我在 教学过程中有时也会想到一些出色的问


题。



I teach because I enjoy finding ways of getting myself and my students out


of the ivory tower and into the real world.

我教书,是因为我喜欢想方设


法使自己和我的学生从象牙塔里走出来,步入现实世界 。



I once taught a course called


15


students


read


Emerson,


Thoreau,


and


Huxley.


They


kept


diaries.


They


wrote


term


papers.


我曾经开过一门叫做“在工业技术社会里如何 自


力更生”的课程。我教的


15


位学生 读了爱默生、梭洛和赫胥黎的作


品,记了日记,还写了学期论文。



But we also set up a corporation, borrowed money, purchased a run-down


house and practiced self-reliance by renovating it.


但除此而外,我们还办


起一个 公司,


借钱买下一所破旧的房屋,


通过对这一建筑物的整修翻< /p>


新,我们就自力更生这一课题进行了一次实践活动。



At


the


end


of


the


semester,


we


sold


the


house,


repaid


our


loan,


paid


our


taxes, and distributed the profits among the group.


在期末我们把房子卖


掉, 还清贷款,缴了税,余下的收益分给了参加实践的学生。



So teaching gives me pace, and variety, and challenge, and the opportunity


可编辑



.


to


keep


on


learning.


所以说,教学使我的工作进程有了规律, 使我的


生活变得丰富多彩,


教学向我提出了挑战,


也给了我不断学习的机会。



I have left out, however, the most important reasons why I teach.


不过,



要教书的 最重要的几个原因还没有讲到呢。



One is Vicky. My first doctoral student, Vicky was an energetic student who


labored at her dissertation on a little-known 14th century poet.


其中一个


原因与维基有关。维基是我的第一个博士生。她精力充 沛,孜孜不倦


地撰写她那篇论述


14


世 纪一位不知名诗人的学位论文。



She wrote articles and sent them off to learned journals. She did it all herself,


with an occasional nudge from me.


她写过一些文章,寄给了学术 刊物。


这一切都由她独立完成,我偶尔从旁略加指点。



But I was there when she finished her dissertation, learned that her articles


were


accepted,


got


a


job


and


won


a


fellowship


to


Harvard


working


on


a


book developing ideas she'd first had as my student.


我亲眼看到了她完成


论文,


看到了她得悉自 己的文章被采用,


亲眼目睹她找到了工作并获


得了在哈佛大学当 研究员的职位,


著书论述她在做我学生时萌发的思


想。



Another


reason


is


George,


who


started


as


an


engineering


student,


then


switched to English because he decided he liked people better than things.


另一个原因与乔治有关。


他开始学的是工程学 ,


后来他深信自己爱人


可编辑



.


胜过爱物,所以改学英语。



There is Jeanne, who left college, but was brought back by her classmates


because they wanted her to see the end of the self-reliance house project.


还有珍 妮。她中途辍学,但是她的同学把她拉了回来,因为他们想让


她看到自力更生整修旧房子 这一项目的结果。



I was there when she came back. I was there when she told me that she later


became interested in the urban poor and went on to become a civil rights


lawyer.


我亲眼看到她回来了。我亲耳听到她对我说, 她后来对城市


贫民产生了兴趣,继而成了捍卫公民权的律师。



There is Jacqui, a cleaning woman who knows more by intuition than most


of us learn by analysis.


还要提一提清洁女工杰基。

< br>她凭直觉了解的事情


比我们多数人通过分析弄清的东西还要多。

< br>


Jacqui has decided to finish high school and go to college.


杰基已经决定


读完中学,然后还要上大学。



These


are


the


real


reasons


I


teach,


these


people


who


grow


and


change


in


front


of


me.


这些在我眼前成长、变化的人,便是我要当教师的真正


原因。



Being


a


teacher


is


being


present


at


the


creation,


when


the


clay


begins


to


breathe.


当一名教师意味着是创造的见证人,他目睹 人体开始呼吸,


开始了生命。



可编辑



.


A



out


of


teaching


would


give


me


money


and


power.


But


I


have money.


“升职了”,不再教书了,也许会给我带来金钱和权力。




I


get


paid


to


do


what


I


enjoy:


reading,


talking


with


people,


and


asking


question like,


可是我现在也有钱。


我拿


了薪金去做自己乐意做的事 :读书、交谈、提问,比如问:“做个富


翁有什么意思呢?”



And


I


have


power.


I


have


the


power


to


nudge,


to


fan


sparks,


to


suggest


books, to point out a pathway. What other power matters?


我现 在还有权


呢。我有权启迪,有权激发才智,有权开出书目,有权指点迷津。还

< p>
有其他什么权力更值得考虑呢


?



But teaching offers something besides money and power: it offers love.


< p>
教书还会带来金钱和权力以外的东西:那便是爱。



Not only the love of learning and of books and ideas, but also the love that


a


teacher


feels


for


that


rare


student


who


walks


into


a


teacher's


life


and


begins


to


breathe.


不仅是爱学 习、爱书本、爱思想,而且还有老师对


出类拔萃的学生的爱。


这 样的学生走进了老师的生活,


老师自己也开


始成长了。



Perhaps love is the wrong word: magic might be better.


“爱”这个字也

许用得不恰当:用“魔力”可能更为贴切。



I


teach


because,


being


around


people


who


are


beginning


to


breathe,


I


可编辑



.


occasionally find myself catching my breath with them.


我教书,是因为在


与开 始成长的学生朝夕相处时,


我有时感到自己也和他们一起开始成


长了。



NEW WORDS


(新词)







administrative



a.



of the management of affairs


行政的,管理的







administration



n.



管理(部门)


,行政(机关)







puzzle



vt. fill with doubt and confusion


使迷惑







step (-) up



n.



promotion; increase in size, speed, etc.







mechanic



n.



skilled workman, esp. one who uses or repairs machines and tools



械工;机修工







sweaty



a.



covered with sweat, sweating







palm



可编辑



.


a.



手掌







profession



n.



occupation, esp. one requiring special training, such as law, medicine, or


teaching








convince



vt. make (sb.) feel certain; cause (sb.) to realize







compel



vt. force (sb. or sth. to do sth.)







pace



n.



rate or speed of development, or in walking, etc.


速度;步速







calendar



n.



日程表,日历







opportunity



n.



favourable occasion or chance







reflection



n.



careful thinking; consideration


深思;考虑



reflect



可编辑



.


vi.


反射;细想







stimulate



vt. encourage; excite


刺激;激励







freshman



n.



student in his first year at a college or university







failure



n.



a person, attempt, or thing that fails; lack of success







ivory



n.



象牙







ivory tower



n.



place or condition of retreat from the world of action into a world of


ideas and dreams


象牙塔







self- reliance



n.



ability to do things and make decisions by oneself


依靠自己;自力更








reliance



n.



trust, confidence; dependence


信赖;信心;依靠



可编辑



.






technological



a.



of or related to technology


技术的







corporation



n.



(AmE)


有限公司







run- down



a.



old and broken or in bad condition







renovate



vt. restore (old buildings, oil paintings, etc.) to a former, better state


修复,


修整







semester



n.



(AmE)


either


of


the


two


periods


into


which


a


school


year


is


divided;


term


学期







repay



vt. pay back (money, etc.)







loan



n.



sth. lent, esp. a sum of money


借出的东西;贷款







distribute



可编辑



.


vt. divide among several or many; give or send out


分发;分送



distribution



n.


分配,分发







variety



n.



difference in quality, type or character; a number of or a collection of


different things


变化,多样化;种种







challenge



n.



the quality of demanding competitive action, interest, or though


挑战







doctoral



a.



having to do with the university degree of doctor


博士的







energetic



a.



vigorous


精力充沛







dissertation



n.



(学位)论文







poet



n.



one who writes poetry







learned



可编辑



.


a.



showing or requiring much knowledge


博学的







journal



n.



magazine or daily newspaper


杂志;日报







occasional



a.



happening from time to time, not regular


偶尔的,间或的







nudge



n.



(fig.) words, actions or feeling that stimulate


启示



vt.


push


or


touch


slightly,


esp.


with


the


elbow


to


attract


attention;


(fig.)


stimulate







fellowship



n.



position or a sum of money granted to a person for advanced study or


research


研究员职位;研究员薪金







switch



vt. change or shift; turn







urban



a.



of a town or city







civil rights



可编辑



.


n.



the rights of a citizen without regard to his race, religion, sex, etc.


公民








lawyer



n.



person who practises law


律师







intuition



n.



(power of) the immediate understanding of truths, events, facts without


reasoning


直觉







analysis



n.



the


separation


of


a


substance


into


parts


for


careful


examination


and


study


分析







creation



n.



act of creating; sth. created


创造(物)







clay



n.



粘士







point



n. main idea or purpose


要点;意义,目的



pathway



n. path



可编辑



.






rare



a.



unusually good; distinctive


稀有的;杰出的







magic



n.



mysterious


charm;


strange


influence


or


power;


art


of


obtaining


mysterious results by tricks


魔力;魔术



PHRASES & EXPRESSIONS





stay up





not go to bed until after the usual time


不睡觉,熬夜





take notes





记笔记





build on





base on; use as a base for further development





keep a diary





记日记





leave out





fail to mention or include; omit





send off



可编辑



.




post; dispatch





work at/ on





give one's attention to doing or trying to do





catch one's breath





rest and get back one's normal breath, as after running; stop breathing for


a moment from surprise, fear, shock, etc



PROPER NAMES





Emerson





爱默生(姓氏及男子名)





Thoreau





梭洛(姓氏)





Huxley





赫胥黎(姓氏)





Vicky





维基(女子名,


Victoria


的昵称)





Harvard





哈佛(美国大学名)



可编辑



.




Jeanne





珍妮(女子名)





Jacqui





杰基(女子名,

< br>Jacqueline


的昵称)



Unit 4



Text



A Fan’s Notes



一位球迷的评论



The e-mail was in some respects similar to other nasty letters I receive.



封电子邮件在某些方面与我收到的其他刻薄的信件相似。



It took me to task for my comments on the Los Angeles Dodgers and


argued that I had got everything wrong.


它痛斥我对洛杉矶道奇队 的评


论,并争辩说我把一切全都搞错了。



However, the note was different from the others in at least two ways.


< p>
而,这个评论与其他的评论至少有两个方面不同。



This note contained more det


ails than the usual “You’re an idiot.”




通常那些“你是个 白痴”的评论不同的是,这一评论含有更多的细


节。




可编辑



.


It included vital statistics on the team’s performance.



它包含了该队比


赛表现的关键数据。



It was written by someone who knew the Los Angeles Dodgers as well as I


thought I did.


写这篇评论的人对洛杉矶道奇 队的了解绝不亚于我自


认为对它的了解。



And this note was signed. The writer’s name was Sarah Morris.



而且这一< /p>


评论是署名的。作者的名字叫萨拉·莫里斯。



I was impressed. I wrote her back. Little did I know that this would be the


start of a most unusual relationship. < /p>


我被深深打动,于是给她回信。一


点也没有想到这一封信引出了一 段非同寻常的来往。



May I ask you a question? For two years I have been running my own


website about the Dodgers. How did you become a baseball editorialist?


That is my deam.


我可以问您一个问题吗?两年来,我一直经营着我

< br>的道奇队网站。


你是怎么成为一个棒球评论专栏作家的?这可是我的


梦。



This was Sarah’s second e


-mail, and it came just as expected.


这是萨拉


的第二封电子邮件,它的到来一 点也不意外。




Every time I smile at someone, they ask me for a job. But something else


caught my eye. The misspelling in that last line. The part about “my


deam.”


我每次对人微笑一下,人家就向我要一份工作。 但是另一个


可编辑



.


事儿引起了我的注意。


这就是信的最后一行字里的拼写错误,


是关于


“我的梦”那一部分。



Maybe


Sarah


Morris


was


just


a


lousy


typist.


But


maybe


she


was


truly


searching for something, yet was only one letter from finding it.


也许萨拉


就是一个打字很糟糕的人。


但也许她真的是在寻找某个目标,

< br>但就是


一字之差,还没有找着。



It was worth one more response, I asked her to explain.


这就值得再回她


一封信,于 是我让她解释。



I am


30 years old. …Because I have a physical handicap, it took me five


years to complete my associate’s degree. …我今年


30


岁。


……因为我身


有残疾,花了


5


年的时间才读完大专拿到文凭。……



During the season I average 55 hours a week writing game reports, editorials,


researching and listening and / or watching games.


在棒球赛季,


我每个星


期平均花


55


小时写球赛报道,写评论,做 研究,听比赛或者看比赛。



Sarah called her website Dodger Place.


萨拉称她的网站为“道奇地”。



I searched, and found nothing. Then I reread her e-mail and discovered an


address buried at the bottom: / spunky /


dodgers.


我搜索了一下,什么也没有找着。后来我重读她的电子邮件,



发现在她的电子邮件最底下挂了一个地址:



/ spunky / dodgers




可编辑



.


I clicked there. It wasn’t fancy. But she covered the team with the


seriousness of a writer. Still, I wondered, is anybody reading?


我点击该地


址。


网站并不花哨。


但是她以一个作家的严肃态 度对该队进行了详细


报道。不过,我还是不禁要问,有人读吗?



Nobody ever signs my guestbook. I get one letter a month.


从来没有人在


我的 来宾登记簿上签名。我一个月收到一封信。



So


here


was


a


physically


handicapped


woman,


covering


the


Dodgers


as


extensively as any reporter in the country, yet writing for an obscure website


with an impossible address, with a readership of about two.


所以,


这 里是一


个身体残疾的妇女,


她对道奇队的报道之广泛不亚于美国 任何一个记


者,



可她却在为一个几乎 不为人知的网站写作,网站的名字很怪很


难记,读者大概有两个人。


That “deam” was missing a lot more than an r, I thought.



我想她那个< /p>


梦所缺的远远不只是拼写里头少了一个字母


r



I started my own website in hopes of finding a job.


我建起了自己的网站


希望能找到一份工作。




No luck. So what if my maximum typing speed is eight words per minute


because I use a head pointer to type?


不过运气不佳。因为 我使用一根绑


在头上的小棒打字,


最高的打字速度是每分钟


8


个字,


可这又有什么

要紧的呢?



可编辑



.


My brain works fine. I have dedication to my work. That is what makes


people successful.


我的脑子挺好使,我 对工作非常专注。这才是人们


成功的关键。



A head pointer?


使用一根绑在头上的小棒打字?



I ask her how long it took her to compose one of her usual 400-word filings.


我问她要用多少时间写她那通常为


400


字的文章。



Three to four hours.


三到四小时。



I did something I’ve never


before done with an Internet stranger.


我做了


一件我 以前从来没有和互联网上的陌生人做过的事情。



I ask Sarah Morris to call me.


我让萨拉·莫里斯给我打电话。



I have a speech disability making it impossible to use the phone.


我说话有


障碍,无法使用电话。



That proved it. This was obviously an elaborate hoax. This writer was


probably a 45-year-old male plumber.


这就证明了我的怀疑。


这显然是一


个精心策 划的骗局。这一位所谓女性作家很可能是一个


45


岁的男性


管道工人。



I decided to end the correspondence. But then I received another e-mail.



决定结束与此人的通信。 可就在那时我又收到一封电子邮件。



My disability is cerebral palsy. … It affects motor control. … When my


可编辑



.


brain tells my hands to hit a key, I would move my legs, hit the table, and six


other keys in the process.


我的残疾是脑瘫。……它影响肌肉神经的控


制。……当我的脑子告诉我的 手去敲击字键时,



我会挪动我的腿,


碰击桌子,并在这一过程中同时碰击六个其他的字键。



When my mom explained my handicap, she told me I could accomplish


anything I wanted to if I worked three times as hard as other people.


当我


的母亲解释我的残疾时,她告诉我说,如 果我比别人努力三倍,我就


可以成就我要做的任何事情。



She wrote that she had become a Dodger fan while growing up in Pasadena.


In her sophomore year at Blair High, a junior varsity baseball coach asked


her to be the team statistician. She did it, with a typewriter and a head


pointer.


她写道,


她在帕萨迪拉长大的时候成了道奇队的球迷。


她上布


莱尔高级中 学二年级的时候,


一位校少年棒球队的教练叫她去做球队


的统计 员。她做了,用的是一个打字机和一根绑在头上的小棒。



Her involvement in baseball had kept her in school, she said



despite her


poor grades and hours of neck-straining homework.


她说由于她跟棒球结

< p>
了缘,她才得以留在学校里,尽管她成绩不好,每天还有数小时的令


她脖子 酸痛的家庭作业。



Baseball gave me something to work for. … I could do something that


other kids couldn’t. … I wanted to do something for the sport that has


done so much for me.


棒球给了我努力的目标



……我可以做别的孩子


可编辑



.


做不了的事情



……我想为给了我这么多的棒球做一点事情。



Okay, so I believed her. Sort of. Who, in her supposed condition, could


cover a baseball team without the best equipment and help? I was curious,


so I asked if I could drive over to see her.


不错,我就这么相信了 她。有


几分信吧。


在像她所称的那种情况下,

< br>有谁能没有最好的设备和帮助


而报道一个棒球队呢?我很好奇,所以我问她我能不 能开车过去看


她。



She agreed, giving me detailed directions involving farm roads and streets


with no names. < /p>


她同意了,并详细告诉我路怎么走,其中提到乡下的


泥路和没有名 字的街道。



I drove east across the stark Texas landscape. On a winding dirt road dotted


with potholes the size of small animals, I spotted what looked like an old


tool shed.


我开车向东驶去,穿过得克萨斯的荒凉 地带。在一条蜿蜒


曲折布满小动物大小的坑洼的泥路上,


我看到 了样子像旧工具棚的屋


子。



But it wasn’t a shed. It was a house, a decaying shanty surrounded by tall


grass and junk.


但这不是一个工具棚,这是一所房子,一个被高高的


杂草和废弃物包围的正在朽烂的小棚屋。




Could this be right?


是不是这个地方呢?



A woman in an old T-shirt and skirt emerged.


一位 身着旧


T


恤衫和裙子


可编辑

< p>


.


的妇女从棚屋里走了出来。



“I’m


Sarah’s


mother,”


said


Lois


Morris,


grabbing


my


smooth


hand


with a worn one. “She’s waiting for you.”



“我是萨拉的母亲,”洛


伊·莫里斯一边说一边用她那粗糙的手握着 我光滑的手。


“她在等你


呢。”



I walked out of the sunlight, opened a torn screen door and moved into the


shadows, where an 87-pound figure was curled up in a wheelchair.


我从太

阳光下走进去,打开一扇破烂的屏门,走进了阴暗的棚子,棚子里蜷


缩在轮椅上的是 一个


87


磅重的躯体。



Her limbs twisted. Her head rolled. We could not hug. We could not even


shake hands. She could only stare at me and smile.

< p>
她的四肢扭了一扭。



的头转了一转。我们无法拥 抱,甚至也无法握手。她只能张大眼睛看


我,向我微笑。



But that smile! It cut through the gloom of the battered wooden floor, the


torn couch and the cobwebbed windows. < /p>


可她那微笑里充满了光芒!它


穿透了由破烂的木地板、

< p>
旧躺椅和结满蜘蛛网的窗户围起来的黑暗空


间。



I could bear to look at nothing else, so I stared at that smile, and it was so


clear, so certain, it even cut through most of my doubts. But still, I


wondered. This is Sarah Morris?


我不忍心看别的任何东西,


所以我的眼


可编辑



.


睛只盯住她那微笑,它是那么清晰,那么自信,



它甚至令我的多数


怀疑一扫而光。但我还是要问,这就是莎拉·莫里斯吗?< /p>



She began shaking in her chair, emitting sounds. I thought she was coughing.


她开始在轮椅里摇晃,嘴里发出声音。我以为她在咳嗽。



She was, instead, speaking. Her mother interpreted. “I want to show you


something,” Sarah said.



可实际上,她是在说话。她的母亲为她翻译。


“我要给你看点东西。”萨 拉说。



Lois rolled her up to an old desk on cinder blocks. On the desk was a


computer. Next to it was a TV. Her mother fastened a head pointer around


her daughter’s temples.



洛伊把她推到搭在煤灰砖上的一张旧书桌


前。桌子上放着一台计算机。计 算机旁是一台电视机。她的母亲将一


根小棒绑在她女儿的太阳穴上。


Sarah leaned over the computer and used her pointer to call up a story on


the Dodger Place website. Peck by peck, she began adding to that story.



拉趴在计算机上,用绑在她头上的棍子调出道奇地网站上的一篇报


道。她开始 一啄一啄地在这篇报道上添字加句。



She looked up and giggled. I looked down in wonder - and shame.


她抬起


头看我并发出咯咯的笑声。


我低头看她,


心里充满了惊奇——还有羞


愧。



This was indeed Sarah Morris. The great Sarah Morris.


这真的就是萨


可编辑



.


拉·莫里斯。



这个伟大的萨拉·莫里斯。



I had contacted Sarah Morris months earlier looking for a fight. I realized


now, watching her strain in this dark room to type words that perhaps no


other soul will read, that I had found that fight.


几个月前我与萨拉·莫


里斯联系的时候是想跟她干一仗。


现在看着她在这个黑暗的房间里吃

< p>
力地打着字写一篇或许根本没有人看的文章,


我明白了这一仗是怎么


一回事。



Only, it wasn



t with Sarah. It was with myself. It is the same fight the


sports world experiences daily in these times of cynicism. The fight to trust


that athletes can still be heroes.


不过,这一仗不是跟萨拉打,而是跟自


己打。


这 一仗和体育界在现今玩世不恭的年代里每天都在经历的一模


一样。那就是要相信运动员仍 然可以是英雄的搏斗。



In a place far from such doubt, with a mind filled with wonder, Sarah


Morris had brought me back.

< p>
在一个远离这种怀疑的地方,


一个心智充


满神奇的 萨拉·莫里斯帮我找回了信任。



Unit 5



Text







A mother and her son learn more from a moment of defeat than they


ever


could


from


a


victory.


Her


example


of


never


giving


up


gives


him


courage for the rest of his life.


从失败的一刻中,母亲和儿子收获了他们


可 编辑



.


从成功中不曾收获到的。< /p>


母亲永不放弃的精神给他此后的人生以很大


的勇气。



The Day Mother Cried



妈妈哭的那天































Gerald Moore



Coming home from school that dark winter's day so long ago, I was filled


with


anticipation.

在很久以前一个昏暗的冬天,我放学回家,心中充


满了期待。



I had a new issue of my favorite sports magazine tucked under my arm, and


the house to myself.


我腋下夹着一期 新的我最爱看的体育杂志,


再者,


家里没有别人打扰我。



Dad was at work, my sister was away, and Mother wouldn't be home from


her new job for an hour.


爸爸在 上班,


妹妹不在家。


妈妈刚找到新工作,


还得过一个小时才下班。




I bounded up the steps, burst into the living room and flipped on a light.



跳上台阶 ,冲进起居室,啪嗒一声打开电灯。



I was shocked into stillness by what I saw.


我被眼前的景象惊呆了。



Mother, pulled into a tight ball with her face in her hands, sat at the far end


of the couch. She was crying. I had never seen her cry.


妈妈双手捂着脸,



可编辑


-


-


-


-


-


-


-


-



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