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第十节
合词译法
p>
无论是西方作家.还是中国作家,都喜欢连用同义词以强调其表达的意思。西方作家
常用的是成对词,
而中国作家常用的是一条前后两个部分为同一意思的四
字成语,
或两条同
义成语。
既然这些同
义词表达的是同一个意思.
我们就可以他们合起来翻译也就是采用合词
< br>译法.请看下面的翻译实例。
1)
You’ll supply
financial power, and we’ll
supply man power. Isn't that
fair
and
square
?
你们出钱,我们出人,这难道还不公平吗?
2)
In our workshop there is
a
hard and fast
rule against smoking.
我们车间有严格的规定,不许吸烟。(或:我们车间严禁吸烟
。)
3)
He is
dead and
gone
.
他的确死了。
4)
His father is a man who
forgives and forgets
.
他父亲非常宽容。
5)
Her son was
wise and
clever
, but her daughter was
silly and foolish
.
她的儿子非常聪明,可她的女儿却很笨。
6)
She
shook and
trembled
with fear.
她吓得不停地发抖。
7
)
He is a man of
culture and learning
.
他是个很有学问的人。
8)
We must reach our
goals and
aims
.
我们必须到达目的。
9
)
He
suffered
aches and
pains
.
他遭受百般疼痛。
10)
It's a
ways and means
of propaganda.
这是种宣传方法。
11)
It’s
right and proper
to try it.
试一试是完全正确的。
12) The room is
cozy and
comfortable.
这个房间非常舒适。
13) She
was
surprised and taken
aback
.
她着实吃了一惊。
14)
Really and
truly
?
千真万确?
15)
I hate all these
hustle and
bustle
.
我讨厌这种拥挤不堪的场面。
p>
16)
要不然时叫他趁早回心转意,
有多少
好处。
〔曹雪芹
《红楼梦》
,
第四+六回)
Otherwise,
the
sooner she
changes her mind
the better for her.
17
)其中又见林黛玉是个出类拔萃的,便更与黛玉亲敬异常。
(曹雪芹《红楼
梦》,第四十
九回)
Noticing too
that Daiyu
stood out from the
rest
, she treated her even more
affectinately.
18)
紫鹃笑道
“
我说的是好话,不过叫你心里留神,并没叫你去
为非作歹。何苦回老太太,叫
我吃了亏,又有什么好处!
”
〔曹雪芹《红楼梦》第五+七回)
o
do
anything wrong
. What good will it do if
you report me to the old lady and get me into
trouble?
19)
这里赵姨
娘正说着,只要贾环在外间屋子里,更说出些惊心动魄的话来。
(曹雪芹《红
楼梦》,第八十四回)
As Concubine Zhao was
storming
, Jia Huan in the
outer room made an even more
startlin
g
statement.
20)
(
他们
)
都是些狐群狗党!(曹雪芹《
红楼梦》第九十回)
They're
a pack of
curs
!
21
)(宝玉和黛玉)真是言和意顺
,似漆如胶.(曹雪芹《红楼梦》,第五回)
On all
matters
, indeed, they
were
in complete accord
.
22
)那宝钗却又行为豁达,随分从
时,不比黛玉孤高自许
,
目无下尘,故深得下人之心;就
是小丫头们,亦多和宝钗亲近.(曹雪芹《红楼梦》,第五回)
Besides,
Baochai's
generous,
tactful
and
accommodating
ways
contrasted
strongly
with
Daiyu'
stand-offish reserve
and won the hearts of her subordinates,
so that nearly all the maids like
to
chat with her.
23
)虽说是一枝小草,又无花朵,其妩媚之态,不禁心动神怡,魂消魄丧。(曹雪芹《
红
楼梦》,第一百十六回)
…
…though
it was so
small and had no blossoms its delicate grace
was utterly enchanting
.
24
)今
日各自进去,孤孤凄凄,举目无亲,须要自己保重!(曹雪芹《红楼梦》,第一百
一+九
回)
Today, entering for the examination,
you're going to
be entirely on your
own
, so you'll have to
take
care of yourselves.
25
)你看那正根正苗,忍饥挨饿的,要多少?(曹雪芹《红楼梦》第四十五
回)
Plenty of real
gentlefolk
go hungry
.
26
)
<
/p>
中国人民的不屈不挠的努力必将稳步地达到自己的目的.(《毛泽东选集》第五卷)
By our own
indomitable efforts
we the
Chinese people will unswervingly reach our goal.
27
)他决心洗心革面,脱胎换骨。
He is determined
to turn
over a new leaf
.
28
)你怎么能过河拆桥、忘恩负义呢?
How can you
kick down the
ladder
?
29
)二十年,时间看起来很长,一晃就过去了。所以,我们从八十年代的第一年开始,就必
须一天也不耽误,专心致志地,聚精会神地搞四个现代化建设。(《邓小平文选》第二卷)
Although a period of 20 years sounds
quite long, the time will slip by very quickly.
From
the
very
first
year
of
the
1980s,we
must
devote
our
full
attention
to
achieving
the
four
modernizations and not
waste a single day.
30
)
有些企业和单位,
群众自己选举出的干部,
p>
一些毛遂自荐,
自告奋勇担任负责工作的干
部.很快此作出了成绩,比单是从上面指定的干部合适得多。(《邓小平文选》第
二卷)
In
some enterprises and other units, cadres who
volunteered
for
leading
posts or were
elected to them by the masses have achieved much
in little
time and proved more capable than
cadres appointed from above.
31)
陈词滥调
old stuff
32
)痴心妄想
wishful
thinking
/
fond dream
33
)长篇大论
a ponderous
thesis/a lengthy speech (or article)
34
)粗心大意
careless/
negligent
35
)丰功伟绩
great
(
or
magnificent
)
contributions.
36
)灵丹妙药
miraculous cure
/heal-all
37
)自以为是,夜郎自大
self-conceited
/arrogant
38)
以怨报德,恩将仇报
return kindness with
ingratitude
39
)低三下四
,
奴颜卑膝
humble oneself
40
)宽宏大量,既往不咎
forgive and forget
无论是英译汉,
< br>还是汉译英,
我们都必须注意到原文中用同义词时所产生的强调成分。
如上面第三例句中
“dead
and
gone”
译成
“
的确
死了
”
,第四例句
“forgive
and
forget”
译成
“
非常
宽容
”
,第五例句中
“wise and
clever”
和
“silly and foolish”<
/p>
分别译成
“
非常聪明
”
和
“
很笨
”
,第六
例句中
“shook
and
trembled”
译成
p>
“
不停地抖
”
,第
七例句中
and
learning<
/p>
译成
“
很有学
问
”
第九例句中
译成
“
百般疼痛
”
,第十一例句中
译成
“
完全
正确
”
,第+二例句
“cozy and comfortable”
译成
“
非常舒适
”
,第十三
例句中
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