-
商务英语语篇的特点及其翻译要点
1
商务英语语篇的类型及其语篇模式
（
1
）问题解决型
（
2
）直接表述型
（
3
）间接表述型
（
4
）解析型
（
5
）比较——对比型
（
6
）等级型
（
7
）时间发展型
（
8
）空间型
（
9
）主张——反主张型
2
商务英语语篇的文体特点
2.1 <
/p>
首先，商务英语在进行一般叙述时多使用日常用语，但涉及商贸活动时
则大量使用专业词汇和具有商务含义的准商贸术语。
例如：
sole license
（排他性许可证）
Exclusive license
(
独占性许可证
)
Counter offer
(
还盘
)
Counter suggestion
(
反还盘
)
Irrevocable letter of
credit (
不可撤销信用证
)
Insurance policy
(
保险单
)
Clearance sale
(
清仓削价
销售
)
2.2
商务英语语言灵活且丰富。
不同的词序、
介词以及单复数变化
都会导致词
1
义发生重大的变化，并给翻译带来一定的困难。
例如：
property
in
goods
（货权）
property
of
goods
(
货物属性
)
Appearance
surface
(
外表
) surface appearance
(
表面状况
)
商务英语使用一词多义
现象也很丰富，例如：
instrument
of
payment
（支付
工具）
instrument
of pledge (
抵押契据
) instrument
of ratification (
批准证书
)
，
instrument of credit
control
（信用管制手段）
，
instrument of acquisition
（购
置凭证）
。
此外，不同搭配也可能会给理解造
成困难，例如：
straight
B/L
< br>（记名提
单）
，
direct
B/L
（直达提单）
；
clean
credit
（光票信用证）
，
do
cumentary clean
credit
（无跟单信
用证）
。因此，我们在翻译时一定要对原文用词上的细微差
别加
以认真分析，
确保对原文的准确解读，
这样才可能产出既忠实又
通顺
的
译文。
2.3
语句的使用特点
（
1
）首先，商务英语语句的最大特点在于其简洁
严密性。
（
2
）其次，商务合同由于其法律属性。
（
3
）再次，商务英语在句型上的另外一个特点是套语使用频繁。
3
语篇风格的特点
（
1
）完整（
compl
eteness
）
（
2
）简洁（
conciseness
< br>）
（
3
）具体（
concreteness
）
（
4
）正确（
correctness
）
（<
/p>
5
）清晰（
clarity
）
2
（
6
）体谅（
conside
ration
）
（
< br>7
）礼貌（
courtesy
）
3
商务篇章的汉译要点
3
．
1
词汇层面必须做到原文用词准确理解并在译文中精确传译
1
．
Multinational
bank
’
s
services
include
issuing
letter
of
credit,
buying
and
selling foreign
exchange, issuing banker
’
s
acceptances, accepting Eurocurrency
deposits, making Eurocurrency loans,
and assisting in the market of Eurobonds.
< br>译文：跨国银行提供的服务包括开立信用证、买卖外汇、开立银行承兑，接
受欧洲
货币储存、提供欧洲货币贷款以及发行推销欧洲货币债券。
数
字概念是商务信函、
合同、
报告等商务英语文件及商务谈判中涉
及的时间、
价格、金额和规格等最重要的数据，在翻译时必须慎重处理，不能出差错，<
/p>
否则可能给公司带来惨重的损失。请看下面例句：
1
．
Party
B
shall
ship
the
goods
within
one
month
of
the
date
of
signing
this
Contract, i.e. not later than December
15.
译文：
本合同签字之日一个月内，
即不迟于
12
月
25
日，
你方须将货物装船。
2
．
Party A shall
pay Party B a monthly salary of US$$500 (SAY FIVE
HUNDRED
US DOLLARS ONLY).
译文
：聘方须每月付给受聘方美元
500
元整。
3.2
语法层面必须做到译文简洁、严密和庄重。
< br>商务英语语句具有简洁、严密的特点，注重表达效果的准确性、时效性和逻
辑性。
首先，我们应当准确解读原文各局的语法意义和语用意图，把握原文
中直接易懂、简洁凝
练的句子结构。使用“敬希…”
、
“恳请…”等汉语公文
3
中常用的客套委婉词语，或者使用“凡
属…须于…”
、
“鉴于…”等文言文句
式，采用典型的介词结构，因此能使译文的语意更为确切、严密、周详和规
范。
1
．
You are
kindly requested to act accordingly as soon as
possible.
译文：敬希速遵照执行。
2
．
Considering
the
friendly
business
relationship
between
our
two
banks,
we
decided
not to charge you the overdue interests.
译文：
鉴于贵我两行之间的友好业务关系，
我行决定不收取
贵行的过期利息。
英语中名词单、
复
数歧义是个独特的语法现象，
如不加注意往往会造成误译，
在外
贸函电中尤为如此。
又如
impor
ts&exports
应是
“进出口商品”
或是
“进出口额”
，
而
import&export
为“进出口业务”之意。
shipment(
装运、装船
)
与
shipments(
装运的货<
/p>
)
，
stoc
k(
库存、存货
)
与
< br>stocks(
库存量
),engagement(
承诺
)
与
eng
agements(
承当的义务
)
，<
/p>
damage(
损坏
)
< br>与
damages(
损坏赔偿
金
)
等等名词的单数和复数所表达的意义完全不一样，
应当
注意
1
3.3
语篇层面必须注意译文的规
范性、
整体性以及礼貌和功能等方面的对
等
例如下面这封索要形式发票的商务信函的译文：
4
Dear Sirs:
Our
client
in
Bombay
requests
us
to
obtain
from
you
a
proforma
invoice
for
colour
TV
sets
with
the
following
specifications:”Haier”
brand
colour
TV
sets
25-inch and 34-inch (each 500 sets).
Would you please airmail us
the soonest possible your proforma invoice for
1000
colour
Tvsets
with
prices
CIF
Bombay,
so
that
we
can
obtain our
client’s
confirmation. There
is no question about our getting the necessary
import licence
from our authorities. As
soon as the said licence is approved, we shall
establish an
L/C in your favour.
Thank
Yours truly
John Smith
敬启者：
我们的一个孟买客户要求我们从贵
方取得下列规格的彩色电视形式发
票：
“海尔”牌彩色电视机
25
英寸和
3
4
英寸各
500
台。
< br>
请尽速航邮注有孟买到岸价格的
1000
台彩色电视机的形式发票，
以便我们取
得客户确认。
从当局取得必要的进口许可证当无问题。
一俟获得许可证即开立以贵方为受益人的信用证。
感谢贵方的密切合作。
您真诚的，
5
you
for
your
close
coorperation
in
this
respect.
约翰。史密斯
1
翻译下列句子，注意用词用句的准
确性。
1
）
In some cases
the MNC retains a minority of interset, in others
the host country
owns
100
percent
and
the
MNC
stays
on
after
the
installation
is
completed
to
perform managerial and supervisory
functions for a period of time.
2
）
The
financial statements
are
the
means
of
conveying to
management
and to
interested outsiders
a concise picture of the profitability and
financial position of
the business.
一、
Translate the
following phrases into Chinese
special
orders
specific
inquiry
sales
conditions
inquiry
sheet
make an inquiry
make
delivery
firm
price
favorable
price
prior
to
shipment
financial
standing
1
特殊订单
2
、具体询盘
3
、销售条件
4
、询价表
5
、发出询盘
6
、交货
7
、实价
8
、优惠价格
9
、装运之前
10
、财务状况
6
二、
In each blank space write
a word or phrase that fits naturally
Passage1: We have received your letter
February 7 and
are pleased to
note your desire to
enter ________business relations
us.
compliance
your
request,
we
now
offer
you
1,000
dozen
Tablecloths,
Art.
No.141
prompt
shipment
RMB
￥
25.00
per
dozen
CIF
Port
Sudan.
This
offer
is
subject
reply
reaching
us
March 15,
2009
。
The price offered above
is reasonable. As the selling season is
approaching, we have received many
enquiries
——
clients
other
districts.
To
acquaint
you
some
the
commodities
we
handle,
we
are
sending you
Airmail
separate cover a commodity list and
several pamphlets
your reference. Should you find any
other items listed
interest,
please let us
know and we will make
your offers
receipt
your specific enquire.
We look
forward_____your early reply.
Key to Passage 1
of , into, with, In, with,
for, at, to, from, in, with, of, by, under, for,
upon, of, to.
Passage 2:
We
from
the
Commerial
Counsellor’s
Office
of
our
in
your
country
that
you
are
a
large
buyer
of
table-
cloth.
As
this
article
the
7
scope of our
business activities, we
This
opportunity
to
express
our
wish
to
business
relations
with you.
Chinese
table-cloths
for
their
good
quality
and
fine
workmanship.
They
have
enjoyed
great
in
the
European
market.
We
are
sure
that
our
joint
efforts
they
will
also
meet
a
favorable
reception
in
your
country.
In
order
to
give
you
a
idea
of
our
various
table-cloths,
we
are
airmailing to you
Separate
cover
a
copy
of
.
We
shall
be
glad
to
send
you
upon receipt
your specific enquires.
Key to Passage 2
learn,
Embassy,
falls
within,
take,
are
known,
popularity,
with,
general,
under,
catalogue, of.
三、
Translate English into
Chinese
Passage 1:
Dear Sirs
We have your name
and address from the Commercial Counsellor’s
Office of the
Chinese
Embassy
in
Ghana.
We
wish
to
inform
you
that
we
specialize
in
both
industrial and
pharmaceutical chemicals, and shall be pleased to
enter into trade
8
relations with you.
To give
you a general idea of our products, we enclose a
complete set of leaflets
showing
various
products
being
handled
by
this
corporation
with
detailed
specifications and means of packing.
Quotations
and samples will be sent
upon
receipt of your specific
enquiries.
Business
between
us
will
be
concluded
on
the
basis
of
shipping
quality
and
weight
while
testing
and
inspection
will
be
made
by
the
Shanghai
Commodity
Inspection
Bureau
prior
to
shipment.
Necessary
certificates
in
regard
to
the
quality and quantity of the shipment
will, of course, be provided.
We look
forward to your early reply with much interest.
Yours sincerely
China National Import & Export Corp
译文
1
先生：
我们从中国驻加纳使馆商务处
得悉贵公司的行名。兹告我公司专营工业和药
物化工原料，并想同你们建立业务联系。<
/p>
为了使你们对我方产品有个全面的了解，现附上有关我公司经营
的各种产品
的一整套小册子，内有详细规格和包装情况。一埃收到你们的具体询价，我<
/p>
们马上寄样报价。
9
我们将以货物在运时的质量和重量为准达成交易，而货物在
出运前将由上海
商检局进行检验。有关货物质量和数量等的证明将由上海商检局提供。<
/p>
盼早日收到你们的信。
中国进出口公司
Passage
2:
Dear Sirs
Learning
from
the
Comm
ercial
Counsellor’s
Office
of
our
Embassy
in
your
country
that you are one of the leading importers of
canned foodstuffs, we have
the pleasure
of introducing ourselves to you as a state
corporation specializing in
the export
of canned goods, and express our desire to enter
into business relations
with you.
In order to give you a general idea of
our canned goods, we are sending you by
airmail a copy of our latest catalogue.
Quotations and samples will be sent to you
upon receipt of you specific enquires.
We are looking forward with interest to
hearing from you.
Yours sincerely
USA
National Import & Export Corp.
译文
2
10
先生：
我们从驻在贵国的中国大使馆商赞处得悉你们是罐头食品的主要进口商。我
们很高兴向
你们介绍，我们是国营公司，专营罐头食品出口，很想同你们建
立业务关系。
为了使你们对我们的罐头食品有个全面的了解，现另由航空寄上我们最近
的
目录一本。一埃收到你们的具体询价，我们寄样当即、报价。
盼收到你方来信。
美国进出口公司
四、
Translate the following
sentences into English:
1
你方
1994
年
9
月
2
日来函收到。
我们很高兴告诉你，
你所要的商品属我公
司的经营范围。<
/p>
Your letter of sept2.1994
has been received. We are glad to furnish you with
this
articles required by you the scope
of our business activities.
2.
< br>你地中国银行函告，你们是纺织品的进口商。我们专营纺织品出口业务，
愿与贵公
司建立业务关系。
The Bank Of China
in your city has informed us that you are
importers of textiles
we
specialize
in
the
export
of
textiles
and
are
willing
to
enter
into
business
relations with you.
3
．
遵照你方要求，
我们正寄上一套布匹剪样。
希望这些样品能及时到达，
并
使你满意。
In
compliance
with
your
repuest,we
are
sending
you
a
complete
set
of
cotton
11
piece
samples
will
be
forwarded
without
delay
and
meets
your
interest.
4
．
我们另邮寄样品一批，
深信一旦你们有机会查看样品之后，
定会承认该货
品质优良，价格合理。
Under sperate cover, we are sending you
a range of samples and when you have a
chance to examine them. We feel
confident that you will agree that the goods are
both exaellent in quality very
reasonable in price.
5
．收到你公司
5
月
14
日询
价，得悉你对我们手工制人造革手套感兴趣。现
将你所需的详细资料，具有插图的目录和
价格单附寄给你。
We have received
your inguiry of 14th may and lean of your interest
in our hand
made artificial leather
gloves. We are enclosing our illustrated catalogue
and price
list giving the detailc you
ask for.
五、
Translate the
following sentences into Chinese
1
．
We
’
d
rather have you quote us C.I.F. Prices.
2
．
When can we
have your firm F.O.B. prices?
3
．
We will make
you a special offer.
can offer a
quotation based upon the international market.
5
．
Your offer is
unacceptable unless the price is reduced by 5%.
1
、我们希望你们报给我们到岸价格。
2
、什么时候能得到你的离岸价格？
3
、我们会给你一个特别优惠价。
<
/p>
4
、我们可以按国际市场价格给您报价。
12
5
、
除非你们减价
5%
，否则我们无法接受你们的报盘。
六、
Translate the following
contract into Chinese
Joint Venture
Contract
No. 85-100
This
Contract is made on the 2nd day of March, 2010
between Shanghai Building
Materials
Import & Export Corporation organized under the
laws of the People’s
Republic of China,
having its principal office at Pudong, Shanghai,
the People’s
Republic of China
(hereinafter called Party A) of the First Part
and The Global
Construction
Supplies Company organized under the laws of the
USA, having its
principal office at…
Ohio, U.S.A.(hereinafter called Party B) of the
Second Part.
Recitals
WHEREAS
Party
A
desires
to
use
Party
B’s
technology
and
trademark
to
manufacture and sell Road Marks in
China and overseas markets;
WHEREAS
Party
B desires to co-operate with
Party A to manufacture and sell
Road
Marks in China and overseas markets, and
WHEREAS
both
parties
consider
these
objectives
can
be
achieved
by
the
formation
of
a
joint
venture
company
under
the
relevant
laws,
rules
and
regulations of the People’s Republic of
China;
NOW THEREFORE, in
consideration of the premises and the covents
described
hereinafter, Party A and
Party B agree as follows.
13