-
Lesson 3
Please send me a card
请给我寄一张明信片
单词讲解
关键句型
课文讲解
练习
复习
补充内容
单词讲解
New words
and expressions
send (sent, sent)
v.
寄，送
postcard n.
明信片
spoil
(spoiled or spoilt) v.
使索然无味，损坏
museum
n.
博物馆
public adj.
公共的
friendly
adj.
友好的
waiter n.
服务员，招待员
lend
(lent, lent) v.
借给
decision
n.
决定
whole
adj.
整个的
single adj.
唯一的，单一的
★
1. send
寄，送，派遣，打发
cause
sb to go or sth to be taken without going oneself
(send
–
sent
–
sent )
1)
加双宾语
send sb sth
= send sth to sb
把东西寄给某人
eg.
send me a
postcard = send a postcard to me
寄给我一张明信片
eg.
I sent my mother a present on
Mother
’
s day.
在母亲节那天我寄给妈妈一
份礼物。
=I sent a present to my
mother on Mother
’
s day.
2)
加单宾语
send sth
寄什么东西
send sb
派遣，打发某人
send a
letter send a parcel
send the
children to bed
打发孩子去睡觉
3
）
send sb my love
= give sb my love
代我向。
。
。致意
eg.
Please send your sister
my love.
请把我的问候带给你的姐姐。
=Please send my love to your sister.
eg.
Please say
hello to your brother. = Please say hi to your
brother.
eg.
Remember me to
your parents.
代我问候你的父母。
正式的表达
Give my
regards to your parents.
更为正式的表达
4
）
send for sb
派人去请，去叫。
。
。
send for sth
send for
a doctor
派人去叫医生
send for a taxi
去叫一辆出租车
★
2.
postcard n.
明信片
card
卡片；贺卡
a Christmas
card a
birthday
card a get-well card
康复卡
an identity card
身份证
a post
card
cards
纸牌
a pack of
cards
一副纸牌
1<
/p>
）
one
’
s
best card = one
’
s strongest
card
某人最好的一张牌，王牌，绝招
2) give sb his cards
开出，解雇某人（非正式表达）
3
）
lay
one
’
s cards on the table =
put one
’s cards on the
table
摊牌
post n. /v.
邮，寄
post-bag
邮袋
post-box
(U.S.: mail box)
邮筒，邮箱
post-code
邮政编码
post
office
postman (U.S.: mailman)
post mark
邮戳
post-free
免付邮资的，邮资已付的
post-paid
邮资已付的
★
3.
spoil-spoiled-spoiled
使索然无味，损坏，破坏，糟蹋
-spoilt-spoilt
英式英语中多用不规则形式：
eg.
dreamt; spoilt (Br)
美式英语中多用规则形式：
eg.
dreamed;
spoiled (Am)
不管英式或美式英语，用过
去分词作定语的时候，只用不规则形式。
a
spoilt child
一个被惯坏的孩子
spoilt milk
坏了的牛奶
a
misspelt word
拼错的字
1) v.
破坏，使。
。<
/p>
。没劲
make sth useless,
valueless or unsatisfactory; ruin
eg.
Bad weather spoilt our
holidays.
坏天气破坏了我们的假期。
eg.
The bad
news spoilt my day.
这个坏消息让我一天不开心破坏了我一天的心情。
eg.
Postcards
always spoil my holidays.
明信片总是破坏我的假期。
2
）
v.
娇惯，宠坏，溺爱
eg.
That little girl is
terribly spoilt
–
her
parents give her everything she
asks
for.
那个小女孩被惯坏了，他的父母亲给她任何她想要的东西。
eg.
Spare the rod and spoil
the child. (
谚
)
孩子不打不成器。
eg.
Everybody enjoys being
spoilt from time to time.
谁都喜欢偶尔被人宠一下。
★
4. museum n.
博物馆
museum
piece
1)
适合博物馆展览的精品
2
）老古董（贬）
eg.
This old radio of yours
is a bit of museum piece; it is about time you got
a new one.
你这个旧收音机早该进博物馆了，早该换个新的了。
★
5. public
1) adj.
公众的，与公众有关的
（通常做定语）
反义词
private
都做定语
a public
garden public affairs
公事
public education
民众教育
public health
民众健康
public
libraries
公共图书馆
the
public highway
公路
2
）
n.
公众，民众
the
public
民众，公众
in public: openly
公开的，公然的
（反义词：
in private
私自的，私下的）
eg.
She apologized to the
public in public for her mistakes.
她公开的像公众对她所犯的错误道歉。
★
6. friendly
adj.
友好的
friend n.
朋友
1)
make friends
with sb
和某人交朋友
2)
A friend in
need is a friend indeed.
患难朋友才是真的朋友。
3)
close friends
密友
bosom friend
知己
4)
boy friend girl friend
friendly adj.
友好的
friendly
nations
友邦
a
friendly smile
一个友好的微笑
a friendly welcome
友好的欢迎
a friendly manner
友好的态度
ly
结尾的形容词：
friendly lonely
孤独的
silly
蠢的
brotherly
兄长般的
lovely
可爱的
deadly
致命的
likely
可能的
★
7. waiter
(
饭店，旅馆，餐厅等
)
服务员
waitress
女服务员
-ess
女性的象征
actor
actress prince
王子
princess
王妃，公主
tiger tigress
★
8. lend v.
借，借出去
lend-
lent-lent
lend sb sth=lend sth to
sb
借给某人某物
borrow sth for sb
像某人借某物
eg.
Can you
lend me 200 Yuan?
你能借给我
200
块钱吗？
I’
ll pay you back tomorrow.
我明天就还给你。
eg.
I lent that CD to John
but never got it back.
我把
cd
借给
John
了，但是再
也拿不回了。
lend sb a hand = give sb help
帮谁忙
lend sb an
ear (
耐心地
)
倾听
be living on borrowed time
大难不死
lender
出借人，贷方
borrower
借东西的人，借方
★
9. decision
n.
决定
decide v.
决定
decide to do
??
决定做某事
make up
one
’
s mind to do
?
下定决心做??
eg.
I decided to study
another foreign language.
我决定再学一门语言。
=I
made up my mind to study another foreign language.
eg.
With so many choices,
it
’
s hard to decide which to
buy.
这么多选择，真不知道该买哪个。
eg.
It
’
s difficult to decide
between the two.
这两者之间很难选择。
make a decision
做出决定
reach a
decision come to a decision arrive at a
decision
做出决定
eg.
On the last day of my
holiday, I made a big decision.
eg.
Anyone who lacks
decision shouldn
’
t be a
leader.
那些缺乏决定能力的人是不能当领导的。
★
10. whole
1) adj.
完全的，整体的，全部的
相当于
entire; complete
作为形容词，作定语来使用。
a whole day
一整天
three whole
days
三整天
the
whole country the whole world
eg.
Let
’
s forget the whole
affair.
我们忘了这件事情吧。把它彻底忘掉吧。
=Let
’
s
forget the whole matter/thing.
2
）
n.
整个，整体
eg.
Four quarters make a
whole
quarter n.
四分之一，一季度，一刻钟
eg.
Cut the apple into
quarters.
把苹果切成四瓣。
Half n.
一半
eg.
Two halves make a whole.
两个一半构成一个整体。
Half of the work is done.
一半工作被完成了。
as a
whole
整个地
on
the whole
总的来说，一般来讲
eg.
On the
whole, I agree with your decision.
总的来说，我同意你的观点。
Wholesale
批发
wholesaler
批发商
retail
零售
retail dealer /
retail trader
零售商
★
11. single
1) adj.
唯一的，单一的
only one
a single letter
唯一的一封信
a
single apple hanging from the tree
树上挂着唯一的苹果
a single ticket
单程票
a round ticket / a
return ticket
往返票
2) adj.
未婚的，独身的
single
men and women
单身男女
married
已婚的
3
）
adj.
单独一个人使用的
a single bed
单人床
a double bed
双人床
a single room a double room
4) adj. single-parent
单亲
a single-
parent family
一个单亲家庭
关键句型
Key Structures
Simple past
一般过去时
1.
功能：
表示过去某个特定时间或某一段时间之内发生的动作或情况，通常搭配过去的某一段时<
/p>
间。
eg.
We visited the school last year.
我们去年参观了这个学校。
2.
构成形式
:
1)
规则变化：
v. +
ed
walked, happened
不规则变化：
eat
–
ate go
–
went see
–
saw come
–
came
2) be
–
was / were
eg.
I
wasn
’
t in yesterday.
我昨天不在家。
eg.
I went to school by bike when I was
young.
当我年轻的时候我骑车去上学。
体会动词的过去式
Policeman:
Did
you see the accident, sir?
先生，你看到那个事故了吗？
Man: Yes, I
did
.
The driver of that car
hit
that post over there.
是的，我看到了。那个司机撞倒那个杆子上去。
hit
–
hit
–
hit
P: What
happened?
发生什么事了？
M:
A
dog
ran
across
the
road
and
the
driver
tried
to
avoid
it.
The
car
suddenly
came
towards me. It
climbed
on to the pavement
and
crashed
into that post.
一条
狗穿过马路，那位司机企图躲开狗。突然，汽车朝我开过来
。它走上人行道，撞倒那根杆子
上。
Pavement:
人行道
P: What did you
do?
你做了什么？
M: I
ran across the street after the dog.
我穿过马路去追狗。
P: Why
did you do that? Were you afraid of the car?
你为什么这样做呢？
你怕汽车吗？
M: I
wasn
’
t afraid of the car. I
was afraid of the driver. The driver got out
of the car and began shouting at me. He
was very angry with me. You see, it was my
dog.
我不怕汽车。我怕那个司机。那个司机下车并对我大喊。
一般过去时与一般现在时的区别：
Her brother
was
an artist.
他的哥哥是一个艺术家。
Was
表示已去世
Her brother
is an artist.
尚健在
That
’
s all I had
to say.
这是我要说的。
(
话已说完
)
That
’
s all I have
to say.
这是我要说的。
(
言
之未尽
)
It was so
nice to see you.
我真高兴见到你。
(
离别时说
)
It is so nice
to see you.
我真高兴见到你。
（见面时说）
一般过去时的练习：
My friend, Roy, ____ (die) last year.
He ____ (leave) me his CD player and his
collection of CDs. Roy ____ (spend) a
lot of
money on CDs. He ____ (buy) one
or two
new
CDs
every
week.
He
never
____
(go)
to
the
cinema
or
to
the
theatre.
He
____
(stay)
at home every evening
and ____ (listen) to music. He often ____ (lend)
CDs to his
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