-
①政府政策
“八荣八耻”
eight-
honor and eight-shame
“大通关”建设
national
project to facilitate customs clearance
※
facilitate
verb
[VN]
(formal) to make an
action or a process possible or easier:
The new trade
agreement
should facilitate more rapid economic growth.
◆
Structured
teaching
facilitates
learning.
facilitation noun
[U, sing.]
:
the
facilitation of international communication
※
clearance
noun
[C, U]
the removal of things
that are not wanted:
There were forest
clearances in Java
thousands of years
ago.
◆
slum
clearance (= the removal of houses that are in
very bad
condition in an area of a
town)
◆
Landscape
gardeners have begun a clearance of the
overgrown ground to make way for a new
park.
◆
a
clearance sale (= in a shop / store,
when goods are sold cheaply to get rid
of them quickly)
[U,
C]
the amount of space or distance that
is needed between two objects so that they
do not touch each other:
There is not much clearance for
vehicles passing under this
bridge.
◆
a clearance of
one metre
[U, C]
official permission that is given to sb before
they can work somewhere, have
particular information, or do sth they
want to do:
I'm waiting for clearance
from
headquarters.
◆
All employees
at the submarine base require security
clearance.
[U]
official permission for a person or vehicle to
enter or leave an airport or a country:
The pilot was waiting for clearance for
take-off.
◆
How
long will customs clearance take?
[U, C]
the process of a
cheque being paid by a bank:
Clearance
will take seven days.
[C]
a clearance in football
and some other sports is when a player kicks or
hits the ball
away from the goal of his
or her own team
“国家清史重修工程”
National Project for the Recompilation
of Qing Dynasty
History
“荷花奖”
Lotus Award
(for professional dance)
“孔雀奖”
Peacock
Award (for ethnic minority artists and artworks)
※
ethnic minority
noun
a group of people from a particular
culture or of a particular race living in a
country where
the main group is of a
different culture or race:
The main
political parties have little to offer
Britain's ethnic minorities.
“全国文化信息资源共享工程”
National Project for the sharing of
Cultural
Information and Resources
“全国舞台精品工程”
Works
of Excellence on the
Nation
’
s Stage
“群星奖”
Galaxy Award (for
amateur artists and community culture)
※
galaxy
noun
(plural
galaxies)
[C]
any of the
large systems of stars, etc. in outer space
(the Galaxy) (also the Milky Way)
[sing.]
the system of stars
that contains our sun and
its planets,
seen as a bright band in the night sky
[C]
(informal) a group of
famous people, or people with a particular skill:
a galaxy of
Hollywood
stars
“三步走”战略
the three-step development strategy
“三高”
农业
“
three
highs
”
agriculture
（
high
yield
，
high
quality and high efficiency
agriculture
）
※
yield
verb, noun
verb
[VN]
to produce or provide
sth, for example a profit, result or crop:
Higher-rate deposit
accounts
yield good returns.
◆
The research has yielded useful
information.
◆
trees
that no longer yield
fruit
[V]
~ (to
sth/sb) to stop resisting sth/sb; to agree to do
sth that you do not want to do:
After a
long siege, the town was forced to yield.
◆
He reluctantly
yielded to their
demands.
◆
I yielded to
temptation and had a chocolate bar.
[VN]
~ sth/sb (up) (to sb)
(formal) to allow sb to win, have or take control
of sth that
has been yours until now:
He refused to yield up his gun.
◆
(figurative)
The universe is
slowly yielding up its
secrets.
[V]
to
move, bend or break because of pressure:
Despite our attempts to break it, the
lock would not yield.
[V]
~ (to sb/sth)
(
AmE
, IrishE) to allow
vehicles on a bigger road to go first
Synonym: GIVE WAY
Yield to oncoming traffic.
◆
a yield sign
Phrasal Verbs:
yield to sth
(formal) to be replaced by sth:
Barges
yielded to road vehicles
for
transporting goods.
noun
[C,
U]
the total amount of crops, profits,
etc. that are produced:
a high crop
yield
◆
a
reduction in milk yield
◆
This will give a yield of 10% on your
investment.
“三个代表”
就是必须代表中国先进生产力的发展要求，
代表中国先进文化的前进方向，
代
表中国最广大人民的根本利益，
是我们党的立党
之本、执政之基、
力量之源，
是我们党始终
站在时代前列，
保持先进性的根本体现和根本要求。
“
Three
Represents
”
shows that our
Party
must
always
represents
the
requirements
of
the
development
of
China
’
s
advanced
productive
forces,
the
orientation
of
the
development
of
China
’
s
advanced culture, and the fundamental
interests of the overwhelming majority of
the
people
in
China,
they
are
the
foundation
for
building
the
Party,
the
cornerstone for its strengthen, only by
doing so can we really ensure that our Party
always stand in the forefront of the
time and maintain its advanced nature.
orientation
noun
[U,
C]
~ (of sb/sth) (to / towards sth) the
type of aims or interests that a person or an
organization has; the act of directing
your aims towards a particular thing:
The course is
essentially
theoretical in orientation.
◆
Companies have
been forced into a greater
orientation
to the market.
[U,
C]
a person's basic beliefs or feelings
about a particular subject:
religious /
political
orientation
◆
a person's
sexual orientation (= whether they are attracted
to men, women
or both)
[U]
training or information
that you are given before starting a new job,
course, etc:
an
orientation
course
[C]
(technical) the direction in which an object
faces:
The orientation of the planet's
orbit is changing
continuously.
overwhelming
adjective
very
great or very strong; so powerful that you cannot
resist it or decide how to react:
The
evidence against him was overwhelming.
◆
The
overwhelming majority of those present
were in favour of the plan.
◆
an overwhelming
sense of loss / relief
◆
She had the
almost
overwhelming desire to tell him the truth.
◆
You may find it
somewhat
overwhelming at first.
◆
There was
overwhelming support for our policies.
overwhelmingly adverb:
They
voted overwhelmingly against the
proposal.
cornerstone
noun
(especially
AmE
) a stone at the corner
of the base of a building, often laid in a special
ceremony
the most important
part of sth that the rest depends on:
This study is the cornerstone of
the whole research
programme.
nature
noun
plants, animals
(often
Nature)
[U]
all the plants,
animals and things that exist in the universe that
are
not made by people:
the
beauties of nature
◆
man-made substances not found in nature
◆
nature
conservation
Help
Note:
You cannot use 'the nature' in
this meaning:
the beauties of the
nature. It is
often better to use
another appropriate word, for example the
countryside, the scenery or
wildlife:
We stopped to admire the scenery.
◆
We stopped to
admire the nature.
(often
Nature)
[U]
the way that
things happen in the physical world when it is not
controlled by people:
the
forces / laws of nature
◆
Just let nature take its course.
◆
Her
illness was Nature's way of telling her
to do less.
See
also
MOTHER
NATURE
character
[C, U]
the usual way that a
person or an animal behaves that is part of their
character:
It's not in his nature to be
unkind.
◆
She is
very sensitive by nature.
◆
We appealed to
his better
nature (= his kindness).
See
also
GOOD NATURE
,
HUMAN NATURE
,
SECOND NATURE
basic qualities
[sing.]
the basic qualities
of a thing:
the changing nature of
society
◆
It's
difficult to
define the exact nature of
the problem.
◆
My
work is very specialized in nature.
◆
The
future by its very nature is
uncertain.
type / kind
[sing.]
a type or kind of
sth:
books of a scientific nature
◆
Don't worry
about things of
that nature.
-natured
(in adjectives)
having the type of character or quality mentioned:
a good-natured man
Idioms:
against nature not
natural; not moral:
Murder is a crime
against nature.
(get, go,
etc.) back to nature to return to a simple kind of
life in the country, away from
cities:
When you're camping, you can get back
to nature.
in the nature of
sth similar to sth; a type of sth; in the style of
sth:
His speech was in the
nature of an apology.
in the nature of things in the way that
things usually happen:
In the nature of
things,
young people often rebel
against their parents.
more
at CALL n., FORCE n.
“三个一百”
“
A Hundred Patriotic
Films/Songs/Books
”
List
patriotic
adjective
having
or expressing a great love of your country:
a patriotic man who served his country
well
◆
patriotic music / songs
“三下乡”
(
文化、科技、卫生
)
bringing
culture/science
and
technology/hygienic
health
to the countryside
hygienic
adjective
clean and free of bacteria and
therefore unlikely to spread disease:
Food must be prepared
in
hygienic conditions.
◆
The kitchen didn't look very
hygienic.
hygienically
adverb:
Medical supplies are disposed
of hygienically.
“三字”原则
principles
of self-administration, self-support and self-
propagation
administration
noun
(also
BrE
informal admin)
[U]
the
activities that are done in order to plan,
organize and
run a business, school or
other institution:
Administration costs
are passed on to the
customer.
◆
the day-to-day
administration of a company
◆
I work in the
Sales
Administration
department.
[U]
the process or act of organizing the way that sth
is done:
the administration of
justice
[C]
the people who plan,
organize and run a business, institution, etc:
university
administrations
(often Administration)
[C]
the government of a
country, especially the US:
This
happened frequently during the Nixon
Administration.
◆
Successive administrations have
failed to solve the country's economic
problems.
[U]
(formal) the act of giving a drug to sb:
the administration of
antibiotics
propagator
noun
a box for
propagating plants in:
tomatoes grown
from seed in a heated propagator
“上学贵、
看病贵”
问题突出
outstanding issues of excessive
educational and medical
cost
excessive
adjective
greater
than what seems reasonable or appropriate;
extreme:
They complained about the
excessive noise coming from the
upstairs flat.
◆
The amounts she borrowed were not
excessive.
◆
Excessive drinking can lead to stomach
disorders.
◆
He
claimed that the
police had used
excessive force.
excessively
adverb:
excessively high
prices
“谁开发谁保护、谁利用谁偿还”的原则
principle
of
developers
responsible
for
protecting the
environment and users for compensating for damages
they cause
compensate
verb
[V]
~ (for sth) to provide
sth good to balance or reduce the bad effects of
damage, loss,
etc.
Synonym:
MAKE UP FOR
Nothing can
compensate for the loss of a loved one.
[VN]
~ sb (for sth) to pay
sb money because they have suffered some damage,
loss,
injury, etc:
Her
lawyers say she should be compensated both for her
injuries and for the
suffering she had
been caused.
compensatory
adjective:
He received a compensatory
payment of $$20 000.
“万村千乡”市场工程
the
project of developing rural retail network
rural
adjective
[usually before noun]
connected with or like the countryside:
rural areas / communities
◆
a rural economy
/ society
◆
rural
America
◆
a rural
way of life
Compare:
URBAN
retail
noun, adverb, verb-see also RETAIL verb
noun
[U]
the selling of goods to
the public, usually through shops/stores:
The
recommended retail price
is ?9.99.
◆
department stores and other retail
outlets
◆
the
retail trade
Compare:
WHOLESALE
retail adverb:
to buy / sell
retail (= in a shop / store)
verb
[VN]
to sell goods to the
public, usually through shops/stores:
The firm manufactures
and
retails its own range of sportswear.
[V]
~ at / for sth
(business) to be sold at a particular price:
The book retails at ?14.95.
verb
[VN]
~ sth (to sb) (formal)
to tell people about sth, especially about a
person's behaviour
or private life:
She retailed the neighbours' activities
with relish.
See
also
RETAIL
network
noun, verb
noun
a
complicated system of roads, lines, tubes, nerves,
etc. that cross each other and are
connected to each other:
a
rail / road / canal network
◆
a network of
veins
a closely connected
group of people, companies, etc. that exchange
information, etc:
a
communications / distribution network
◆
a network of
friends
(computing) a number
of computers and other devices that are connected
together so
that equipment and
information can be shared:
The office
network allows users to share
files and
software, and to use a central printer.
See also
LAN
,
WAN
a group of
radio or television stations in different places
that are connected and that
broadcast
the same programmes at the same time:
the four big US television
networks
Idioms
see OLD BOY
verb
[VN]
(computing) to connect
a number of computers and other devices together
so that
equipment and information can
be shared:
networked computer
systems
[VN]
to
broadcast a television or radio programme on
stations in several different areas
at
the same time:
nationally networked
TV
[V]
to try to
meet and talk to people who may be useful to you
in your work:
Conferences are a good
place to network.
“文华奖”
Splendor
Award (for professional theatrical artworks)
splendour
(
BrE
)
(
AmE
splendor)
noun
[U]
grand and impressive
beauty:
a view of Rheims Cathedral, in
all its splendour
◆
The palace has been restored to its
former splendour.
(splendours)
[pl.]
the beautiful and
impressive features or qualities of sth,
especially a
place:
the
splendours of Rome (= its fine buildings,
etc.)
theatrical
adjective
[only before noun]
connected
with the theatre:
a theatrical agent /
career
(often disapproving)
(of behaviour) exaggerated in order to attract
attention or create a
particular
effect:
a theatrical gesture /
sigh
theatrically adverb:
Theatrically speaking, he was a genius.
◆
'What now?' she
sighed
theatrically.
“文化扶贫计划”
Culture-
aid Program/Cultural Aid Program
“污染者付费”原则
polluters pay principle
“五个一工程奖”
the Best
Works Award
安居工程
housing project for low-in-come
families; comfortable housing project
安居小区
residential
area for low-in-come families
安全局
Security
Bureau
按保护价敞开收购粮食的政策
a
policy
of
purchasing
grain
without
limitations
at
protective prices
按不变价值美元计算
in
constant dollar value
按实价计算
in current price
按现货价买进
buying
sight price
按整船计算的运费、包干运费
lump sum freight
把……与国际接轨
gear
……
to the international conventions
把处理事与处理人结合起来
integrate
the
handling
of
cases
with
the
handling
of
violators
把有限的资金用在“刀刃”上
use
our limited funds where they can be put to best
use
版权贸易
copyright licensing business
办公厅
General
Office
办公厅主任
Director, General Office
包干到户
household-
based contract system
包购包销
exclusive right to purchase and sell
保持国有股
keep the
state-held shares
保持经济适度快速增长
maintain a reasonably rapid economic
growth
保单贷款
policy loan
保护和振兴地方戏曲
protect
and rejuvenate local operas
保护性措施
safeguard
practice
保监会
China Insurance Regulatory Commission
保姆式全程服务
whole-
journey nanny service
保息股票
guaranteed stock
保险业
the insurance
industry
保障妇女就业权利
guarantee women
’
s
right to employment
保证国家的长治久安
guarantee China
’
s
long-term stability
保证社会公共需要
guarantee social public needs
保证项目如期建成并发挥效益
ensure
that
the
projects
are
completed
according
to
schedule and yield
economic returns
保证重点支出
ensure
funding
for priority areas
保值储蓄
inflation-proof bank savings
报复性关税
retaliatory
duty; retaliatory tariff
暴跌
slump
北京海关
Beijing Customs
北京民航管理局
Beijing
Bureau of Civil Aviation
北京市人大常委会
Standing
Committee of Beijing Municipal
People
’
s Congress
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