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初中英语状语从句和定语从句
【状语从句】
状语从句在复合句中作
状语，修饰动词、形容词或副词等。状语从句可以表示时间、条件、
原因、地点、目的、
结果、让步、方式、比较等意义。
各类状语从句连接词和相关例句：
时间状语从句：
when, while, as, as
soon as, since, until, after, before
When she was a little child, she could
do a lot to help her mother.
当她还是个小孩时，她就可以帮她母亲做许多事了。
条件状语从句：
if, unless,as/so long
as(
只要
)
As
long as I am alive, I will go on studying.
只要我活着，我就要学习。
原因状语从句：
as,
because, since
Since we live near the
sea, we can enjoy nice weather.
由于我们住在海边，能享受到好的天气。
地点状语从句：
where
Put
it where we can all see
it.
把它放在我们都能看到的位置。
目的状语从句：
so
that(
为了
), in order that
Finish this so that you can start
another.
把这个做完，（为了）你可以开始另一个。
结果状语从句：
so…that,
such…that
He was so angry
that he couldn't say a word.
他气得说不出话了。
让步状语从句：
though,
although, even if, however
Though he is in
poor health, he works
hard.
虽然他身体不好，但是他工作很努力。
方式状语从句：
as
Students do as the teachers
say.
学生们按照老师说的去做。
比较状语从句：
than,
(not)as…as,
The work isn't as easy as I
thought.
这项工作比我想象得难。
1.
易混引导词
while, when,
as
的区别：
when
可以和延续性动词连用，也
可以和短暂性动词连用；而
while
只能和延续性动词连
用。如：
When he came in, his
mother was cooking.
When (While) we
were at school, we went to the library every day.
when
从句的谓语动词可以在主句谓语动作之前、之后或同时
发生；
while
和
as
从句的谓语动
作必须是和主句谓语动作同时发生。
While
表示时间段
,
因此，
while
从句的谓语动词要用延续性动词。如：
Please don't
talk so loud while others are working.
As
与
wh
en
用法相似，但着重强调主句动作与从句动作同时发生，有
<
/p>
随着
……
或
一
边
……
一边
……
之意。如：
As you get older, you get more
knowledge.
随着年龄的增长，你获得的知识就越多。
在将来时从句中，常用
when
，且从
句须用一般时代替将来时。
When the
manager comes here for a visit next
week
，
Ill talk with him about
this
．
下周，经理来这参观时，我会和他谈谈此事。
2
．
Because,as,since
的区别：
because
用于表示直接原因
,<
/p>
回答
why
提出的问题，语气最强；
as
用于说明原因
,
着重点
在主句，常译成
由于
；
since
表示显
然的或已知的理由或事实，常译成
既然
。如：
Water is very important because we
can't live without it.
He didn't come yesterday as his mother
was ill.
I'll
do it for you since you are busy.
3
．
such…that,
so…that, so that
引导结果状语从句的区别：
such
是形容词，修饰名词
; so
是副词，修饰形容词或副词。其结构如下：
1) such + a
(n)+
形容词
+
单数可数名词
+that……
2) such+
形容词
+
复数可数名词
+that
……
3) such +
形容词
+
不可数名词
+that……
。如：
This was
such a good film that I went to see it several
times.
These
were such good books that they sell well.
It was such bad
weather that I had to stay at home.
He spoke so fast that I
couldn't follow him.
He is such a lovely boy that we all
like him.
=He
is so lovely a boy that we all like him.
注：在
<
/p>
形容词
+
可数名词复数
< br>/
不可数名词
结构中，当名词前
有
many, much, few, little
表示数量
的多少时，名词前用
so
。如：
She made so many mistakes that she
didn't pass the exam.
so that
既可以引导目的状语从句又可以引导结果状语从句
引导目的状语从句时可译为
为了
< br>
引导结果状语从句时可译为
以便
如
I
speak loudly so that all the students can hear me
clearly.(
目的状语从句
)
Maria likes the woolen dress so much
that she decides to buy it at once
.(
结果状语从句
)
so
that
引导目的状语从句时，从句中常使用
can
/could /may /might /will /would /should
等情态
动词或助动词。引导结果状语从句时，从句中一般不用
c
an
和
may
等词。
< br>
状语从句练习
1. Teresa
is ________ nervous ________ she can't talk in
front of the class.
A. such, that
B. too, to
C. so, that
2. -- What's
your plan for the summer holidays?
--I'll go to Beijing_____ the school
term ends.
A. in order that B. so that
C. as soon as D. even
though
3. -- We'll go for a picnic if
it _______ this Sunday.-- Wish you a lovely
weekend.
A. rain
B. doesn't rain
C.
won't rain
D.
isn
’
t raining
4.
—
If our
government _____attention to controlling food
safety now, our health _____in danger.
A. won't pay, is
B. doesn't pay, is
C. won't pay, will be
D. doesn't pay, will be
5.
—
Excuse me
Could you wake me up when my friend____ here?
—
Of course. But we still
don't know when your friend _____ here.
A. comes; will come
B.
comes
；
comes
C. will come; comes
D. will
come
；
will come
6.
—
I want to
know when Mr. Brown will arrive.
—
When he ________ , I will
tell you.
A. will arrive
B. arrived
C. arrives
7. ________ I was in the
US, I made a lot of American friends.
A. While
B.
Although
C. Unless
D. Until
8. What
would happen if he ______ back home?
A.
go
B. goes
C. went
9.-Do
you know if we will go for a picnic this Saturday?
-I think we will if we ________ any
classes.
A. won ' t
have
B. didn't' t have
C.
don't
have
D. aren ' t
having
10
.The bus driver
always says to us ,“Don't get off________ the bus
stops.”
A. when
B. while
C .until
D. if
11. ________ he has little
knowledge, the old worker has a lot of experience.
A. Although.
B. Because.
C. If
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