2017年6月英语六级试题及答案解析和听力原文卷二

2017

年

6

月英语六 级试题及答案解析和听力原文（卷二）

2017

年

6

月英语六级试题（卷二）

Part I Writing(30 minutes)

Directions

【答案】

Suppose you are asked to give advice on whether to major in humanities

or science, write an essay to state your opinion. You are required to write at least 150 words but

no more than 200 words.

Part II Listening Comprehension(25 minutes)

Section A

Directions

：

In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you w

ill hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After y

ou hear a question, you must choose the best answer. from the four choices marked A), B),C) and

D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡

1

上作答。

Questions1to 4are based on the passage you have just heard.

1. A) Dong enjoyable work.

C)Earning a competitive salary.

B) Having friendly colleagues.

D) Working for supportive bosses.

2. A) 31%. B) 20%. C) 25%. D)73%.

3.A)Those of a small size.

C) Those that are well managed.

B) Those run by women.

D) Those full of skilled workers.

4.A) They can hop from job to job easily. C)They can better balance work and life.

B) They can win recognition of their work. D) They can take on more than one job.

Questions 5 to 8 are based on the passage you have just heard.

5. A) It is a book of European history.

C)It is about the city of Bruges.

B)It is an introduction to music.

D)It is a collection of photos.

6. A)When painting the concert hall Bruges.

B) When vacationing on an Italian coastal city.

C) When taking pictures for a concert catalogue.

D) When writing about Belgium

’

s coastal regions.

7.A) The entire European coastline will be submerged.

B) The rich heritage of Europe will be lost completely.

C) The seawater of Europe will be seriously polluted.

D) The major European scenic spots will disappear.

8. A) Its waterways are being increasingly polluted.

B) People cannot get around without using boats.

C) It attracts large numbers of tourists from home and abroad.

D) Tourists use wooden paths to reach their hotels in the morning.

Section B

Directions

：

In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or

four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a qu

estion, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then ma

rk the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

Passage One

Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.

9.A) They make careful preparations beforehand.

B) They take too many irrelevant factors into account.

C) They spend too much time anticipating their defeat.

D) They try hard to avoid getting off on the wrong foot.

10.A)A person

’

s nervous system is more complicated than imagined.

B) Golfers usually have positive mental images of themselves.

C) Mental images often interfere with athletes

’

performance.

D) Thinking has the same effect on the nervous system as doing.

11.A)Anticipate possible problems.

C) Picture themselves succeeding.

B)Make a list of do

’

s and don

’

ts.

D) Try to appear more professional.

12.A)She wore a designer dress.

C) She did not speak loud enough.

B) She won her first jury trial.

D) She presented moving pictures.

Passage Two

Questions 13 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.

13.A)Its long-term effects are yet to be proved.

B) Its health benefits have been overestimated.

C) It helps people to avoid developing breast caner.

D)It enables patients with diabetes to recover sooner.

14.A) It focused on their ways of life during young adulthood.

B) It tracked their change in food preferences for years .

C) It focused on their difference from men in fiber intake.

D) It tracked their eating habits since their adolescence.

15.A) Fiber may help to reduce hormones in the body.

B) Fiber may bring more benefits to women than men.

C) Fiber may improve the function of heart muscles.

D) Fiber may make blood circulation more smooth.

Section C

Directions

：

In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four q

uestions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose th

e best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter

on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

Recording One

Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.

16.A) Observing the changes in marketing.

B) Conducting research on consumer behaviour.

C) Studying the hazards of young people drinking.

D)Investigating the impact of media on government.

17.A) It is the cause of many street riots.

C) It is a chief concern of parents.

B) It is getting worse year by year.

D) It is an act of socialising.

18.A) They spent a week studying their own purchasing behaviour.

B) They researched the impact of mobile phones on young people.

C) They analysed their family budgets over the years.

D) They conducted a thorough research on advertising.

Recording Two

Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard.

19.A)It is helping its banks to improve efficiency.

B) It is trying hard to do away with dirty money.

C) It is the first country to use credit cards in the world.

D) It is likely to give up paper money in the near future.

20.A) Whether it is possible to travel without carrying any physical currency.

B) Whether it is possible to predict bow much money one is going to spend.

C) Whether the absence of physical currency causes a person to spend more.

D) Whether the absence of physical currency is going to affect everyday life.

21.A) There was no food service on the train. C) The restaurant car accepted cash only.

B)The service on the train was not good. D)The cash in her handbag was missing.

22.A) By putting money into envelopes.

C)By limiting their day to day spending.

B) By drawing money week by week.

D)By refusing to buy anything on credit.

Recording Three

Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.

23.A) Population explosion.

C) Extinction of rare species.

B) Chronic hunger.

D) Environmental deterioration.

24.A)They contribute to overpopulation. C)They have been brought under control.

B)About half of them are unintended. D) The majority of them tend to end halfway.

25.A)It is essential to the wellbeing of all species on earth.

B) It is becoming a subject of interdisciplinary research.

C) It is neglected in many of the developing countries.

D) It is beginning to attract postgraduates

’

attention.

Part III Reading comprehension (40 minutes)

Section A

Directions

：

In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for

each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage

through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.

Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single through the

center. You may not use any of the word in the bank more than once.

Let

’

s all stop judging people who talk to themselves. New research says that those who can

’

t seem to keep their inner monologues (

独白

) in are actually more likely to stay on task, remain

26 better and show improved perception capabilities. Not bad, really, for some extra muttering.

According

to

a

series

of

experiments

published

in

the

Quarterly

Journal

of

Experimental

Psychology

by

professors

Gary

Lupyan

and

Daniel

Swignley,

the

act

of

using

verbal

clues

to27mental pictures helps people function quicker.

In one experiment, they showed pictures of various objects to twenty 28 and asked them to

find just one of those, a banana. Half were 29 to repeat out loud what they were looking for and

the other half kept their lips 30. Those who talked to themselves found the banana slightly faster

than

those

who

didn

’

t,

the

researchers

say.

In

other

experiments,

Lupyan

and

Swignley

found

that 31 the name of a common product when on the hunt for it helped quicken someone

’

s pace,

but talking about uncommon items showed no advantage and slowed you down.

Common research has long held that talking themselves through a task helps children learn,

although doing so when you

’

ve 32matured is not a great sign of 33. The two professors hope to

refute that idea, 34 that just as when kids walk themselves through a process, adults can benefit

from using language not just to communicate, but also to help

“

augment thinking

”

.

Of course, you are still encouraged to keep the talking at library tones and, whatever you do,

keep the information you share simple, like a grocery list. At any 35, there

’

s still such a thing as

too much information.

A)Apparently

D)claiming

G)incur

J) sealed

M) uttering

B)arrogance

E)dedicated

H)instructed

K) spectators

N) volume

C)brilliance

F)focused

I) obscurely

L) trigger

O) volunteers

Section B

Directions

：

In

this

section,

you

are

going

to

read

a

passage

with

ten

statements

attached

to

it.

Each

statement

contains

information

given

in

one

of

the

paragraphs.

Identify

the

paragraph

from

which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is

marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet

2.

[A] The lives of children from rich and poor American families look more different than they

have in decades.

[B]

Well-off

families

are

ruled

by

calendars,with

children

enrolled

in

ballet,soccer

and

after-school

programs, according

to

a

new

Pew

Research

Center

survey.

There

are

usually

two

parents, who spend a lot of time reading to children and worrying about their anxiety levels and

hectic schedules.

[C] In poor families, however,children tend to spend their time at home or with extended

family, the survey found. They are more likely to grow up in neighborhoods that their parents say

aren't great for raising children,and their parents worry about them getting shot, beaten up or in

trouble with the law.

[D]

The

class

differences

in

child

rearing

are

growing,

researchers

say

-

a

symptom

of

widening

inequality

with

far-reaching

consequences.

Different

upbringings

set

children

on

different paths and can deepen socioeconomic divisions,especially because education is strongly

linked

to

en

grow

up

learning

the

skills

to

succeed

in

their

socioeconomic

stratum,but not necessarily others.

[E]

emotional and cognitive development,

in

education

at

Stanford

University.

”

And

because

those influence educational

success

and

later

earnings,

early

childhood

experiences

cast

a

lifelong

shadow.

The

cycle

continues

：

Poorer

parents have less time and fewer resources to invest in their children,which can leave children

less prepared for school and work,which leads to lower earnings.

[F] American parents want similar things for their children, the Pew report and past research

have found

：

for them to be healthy and happy, honest and ethical, caring and compassionate.

There

is

no

best

parenting

style

or

philosophy,

researchers

say,

and

across

income

groups,

92

percent of parents say they are doing a goodjob at raising their children. Yet they are doing it

quite differently. Middle- class and higher-income parents see their children as projects in need of

careful

cultivation,

says

Annette

Lareau,

a

University

of

Pennsylvania

sociologist,

whose

groundbreaking research

on

the

topic

was

published

in

her

book

Childhoods

：

Class,

Race and Family Life .

activities, and teach children to question authority figures and navigate elite institutions.

[G] Working-class parents, meanwhile, believe their children will naturally thrive, and give

them

far

greater

independence

and

time

for

free

play.

They

are

taught

to

be

compliant

and

deferential to adults. There are benefits to both g-class children are happier,

more

independent,

whine

less

and

are

closer

with

family

members,

Ms

Lareau

found.

Higher-income

children

are

more

likely

to

declare

boredom

and

expect

their

parents

to

solve

their

problems. Yet

later

on,

the

more

affluent

children

end

up

in

college

and

en route

to

the

middle class, while working-class children tend to struggle. Children from higher- income families

are

likely

to

have

the

skills

to

navigate

bureaucracies

and

succeed

in

schools

and

workplaces,

said.

[H]

strategies

give

children

more

advantages

than

others

in

institutions?

Probably

they

do.

Will

parents be damaging children if they have one fewer organized activity? No, I really doubt it.

[I] Social scientists say the differences arise in part because low-income parents have less

money

to

spend

on

music

class

or

preschool,

and

less

flexible

schedules

to

take

children

to

museums

or

attend

school

events.

Extracurricular

activities

epitomize

the

differences

in

child

rearing in the Pew survey, which was of a nationally representative sample of l,807 parents. Of

families

earning

more

than

$$75,000

a

year,

84

percent

say

their

children

have

participated

in

organized sports over the past year, 64 percent have done volunteer work and 62 percent have

taken lessons in music, dance or art. Of families earning less than $$30,000,59 percent of children

have done sports, 37 percent have volunteered and 41 percent have taken arts classes.

[J]

Especially

in

affluent

families,

children

start

young.

Nearly

half

of

high- earning,

college-graduateparents enrolled their children in arts classes before they were 5, compared with

one-fifth

oflow-income,less-educated

parents.

Nonetheless,

20

percent

of

well-off

parents

say

their children's schedules are toohectic, compared with 8 percent of poorer parents.

[K]

Another

example

is

reading

aloud,

which

studies

have

shown

gives

children

bigger

vocabularies and better reading comprehension in school Seventy-one percent of parents with a

college degree say they do it every day, compared with 33 percent of those with a high school

diploma or less, Pew found. White parents are more likely than others to read to their children

daily, as are married parents. Most affluent parents enroll their children in preschool or day care,

while low-income parents are more likely to depend on family members. Discipline techniques

vary by education level

：

8 percent of those with a postgraduate degree say they often spank their

children, compared with 22 percent of those with a high school degree or less.

[L] The survey also probed attitudes and anxieties. Interestingly, parents' attitudes toward

education do not seem to reflect their own educational background as much as a belief in the

importance of education for upward mobility. Most American parents say they are not concerned

about their children's grades as long as they work hard. But 50 percent of poor parents say it is

extremely important to them that their children earn a college degree, compared with 39 percent

of wealthier parents.

[M]

Less-educated

parents,

and

poorer

and

black

and

Latino

parents

are

more

likely

to

believe that there is no such thing as too much involvement in a child's education. Parents who

are white, wealthy or college-educated say too much involvement can be bad. Parental anxieties

reflect their circumstances. High-earning parents are much more likely to say they live in a good

neighborhood for raising children. While bullying is parents

：

greatest concern over all, nearly half

of

low-income

parents

worry

their

child

will

get

shot,

compared

with

one-fifth

of high-income

parents. They are more worried about their children being depressed or anxious.

[N] In the Pew survey, middle-class families earning between $$30,000 and $$75,000 a year fell

right

between

working-class

and

high-earning

parents

on

issues

like

the

quality

of

their

neighborhood

for

raising

children,participation

in

extracurricular

activities

and

involvement

in

their children's education.

[O] Children were not always raised so differently. The achievement gap between children

from

high-

and

low-income

families

is 30

percent

t0 40

percent

larger

among

children

born

in

2001 than those born 25 years earlier, according to Mr Reardon's research. People used to live

near people of different income levels;neighborhoods are now more segregated by income. More

than a quarter of children live in single-parent households - a historic high, according to Pew -

and

these

children

are

three

times

as

likely

to

live

in

poverty

as

those

who

live

with

married

parents. Meanwhile, growing income inequality has coincided with the increasing importance of

a college degree for earning a middle-class wage.

[P] Yet there are recent signs that the gap could be starting to shrink. In the past decade,

even as income inequality has grown, some of the socioeconomic differences in parenting, like

reading to children and going to libraries, have narrowed,n and others have found.

36. Working-class parents teach their children to be obedient and show respect to adults.

37.

American

parents,

whether

rich

or

poor,

have

similar

expectations

of

their

children

despite different ways of parenting.

38.

while rich parents are more concerned with their children

’

s psychological well-being,

poor parents are more worried about their children

’

s safety.

39. The increasing differences in child rearing between rich and poor families reflect growing

social inequality.

40. Parenting approaches of working- class and affluent families both have advantages.

41.

Higher-income

families

and

working-class

families

tend

to

live

in

different

neighborhoods.

42. Physical punishment is used much less by well-educated parents.

43.

Ms.

Lareau

doesn

’

t

believe

participating

in

fewer

after- class

activities

will

negatively

affect children

’

s development.

44. Wealthy parents are concerned about their children

’

s mental health and busy schedules.

45. Some socioeconomic differences in child rearing have shrunk in the past ten years.

Section C

Directions

：

There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions

or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D). You

should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a

single line through the centre.

Passage one

Questions 46 t0 50 are based on the following passage.

Open

data-sharers

are

still

in

the

minority

in

many

gh

many

researchers

broadly agree that public access to raw data would accelerate science- because other scientists

might be able to make advances not foreseen by the data's producers -most are reluctant to post

the results of their own labours online (see Nature 461, 160-163; 2009). When Wolkovich, for

instance, went hunting for the data from the 50 studies in her meta-analysis, only 8 data sets

were available online, and many of the researchers whom she e-mailed refused to share their

work.

Forced

to

extract

data

from

tables

or

figures

in

publications,Wolkovich's

team

could

conduct only limited analyses.

Some

communities

have

agreed

to

share

online

-

geneticists,

for

example,

post

DNA

sequences at the GenBank repository, and astronomers are accustomed to accessing images of

galaxies and stars from, say,the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, a telescope that has observed some 500

million

objects

-

but

these

remain

the

exception,

not

the

rule.

Historically,

scientists

have

objected to sharing for many reasons

：

it is a lot of work; until recently, good databases did not

exist; grant funders were not pushing for sharing; it has been difficult to agree on standards for

formatting data and the contextual information called metadata; and thereis no agreed way to

assign credit for data.

But the barriers are disappearing, in part because journals and funding agencies worldwide

are encouraging scientists to make their data public. Last year, the Royal Society in London said

in its report Science as an Open Enterprise that scientists need to

“

shift away from a research

culture where data is viewed as private preserve.

public money should be public information, and the scientific community is recognizing that data

can now be shared digitally in ways that were not possible before. To match the growing demand,

services are springing up to make it easier to publish research products online and enable other

researchers to discover and cite them.

Although exhortations to share data often concentrate on the moral advantages of sharing,

the

practice

is

not

purely

altruistic.

Researchers

who

share

get

plenty

of

personal

benefits,including more connections with colleagues,improved visibility and increased citations.

The most successful sharers - those whose data are downloaded and cited the most often - get

noticed,

and

their

work

gets

used.

For

example,

one

of

the

most

popular

data

sets

on

multidisciplinary

repository

Dryad

is

about

wood

density

around

the

world;

it

has

been

downloaded 5,700 times. Co-author Amy Zanne, a biologist at George Washington University in

Washington

DC,

thinks

that

users

probably

range

from

climate-change

researchers

wanting

to

estimate how much carbon is stored in biomass, to foresters looking for information on different

grades of' timber.

to

ask

their

own

questions,

she

says.

important

to

allow

readers

and

reviewers

to

see

exactly

how

you

arrive

at

your

results.

Publishing

data

and

code

allows

your

science

to

be

reproducible .

46 .What do many researchers generally accept?

A. It is imperative to protest scientist' patents.

B. Repositories are essential to scientific research.

C .Open data sharing is most important to medical science.

data sharing is conducive to scientific advancement.

47. What is the attitude of most researchers towards making their own data public?

A. Opposed

B. Ambiguous

C. Liberal

D. Neutral

48. According to the passage, what might hinder open data sharing

A. The fear of massive copying.

B. The lack of a research culture.

belief that research is private intellectual property.

D. The concern that certain agencies may make a profit out of it.

49. What helps lift some of the barriers to open data sharing?

A. The ever-growing demand for big data

B. The advantage of digital technology

C. The changing attitude of journals and funders.

D. The trend of social and economic development.

50 .Dryad serves as an example to show how open data sharing ___.

A. is becoming increasingly popular

C. makes researchers successful

B. benefits shares and users alike

D. saves both money and labor

Passage two

Question 51 t0 55 are based on the following passage.

Beginning in the late sixteenth century, it became fashionable for young aristocrats to visit

Europe and above all Rome, as the culmination(

终极

) of their classical education. Thus the idea

of the Grand Tour was born, a practice which introduced Englishmen, Germans, Scandinavians,

and also Americans to the art andculture of France and Italy for the next 300 was

arduous

and

costly

throughout

the

periodpossible

only

for

a

privileged

class

the

same

that

produced gentlemen scientists authors antique experts and patrons of the arts.

The

Grand

Tourist

was

typically

a

young

man

with

a

thorough

background

in

Greek

and

Latin literature as well as some leisure time some means and some interest in German

traveler Johann Winckelmann pioneered the field of art history with his comprehensive study of

Greek

and

Roman

was

portrayed

by

his

friend

Anton

Raphael

Mengs

at

the

beginning of his long residence in Grand Tourist, however, stayed for briefer periods

and set out with souvenirs of their travels as well as an understanding of art and architecture

formed by exposure to great masterpieces.

Since

there

were

few

museums

anywhere

in

Europe

before

the

end

of

the

18th

century

Grand Tourists

often

saw

paintings

and

sculptures

by

gaining

admission

to

private

collections.

And

many

were

eager

to

acquire

examples

of

Greco-Roman

and

Italian

art

for

their

own

collections.

In

England,

wherearchitecture

was

increasingly

seen

as

an

aristocratic

pursuit,

noblemen

often

applied

what

they

learned

from

the

villas

of

Palladio

in

Veneto

and

the

evocative ruins of Rome to their own country houses and gardens.

51. What is said about the Grand Tour?

was fashionable among young people of the time.

was unaffordable for ordinary people.

produced some famous European artists.

made a compulsory part of college education.

52. What did Grand Tourists have in common?

had much geographic knowledge.

were courageous and venturesome.

were versed in literature and interested in art.

had enough travel and outdoor-life experience.

53. How did Grand Tourists benefit from their travel?

found inspiration in the world's greatest masterpieces.

got a better understanding of early human civilization.

developed an interest in the origin of modern art forms.

gained some knowledge of classical art and architecture.

54. Why did many Grand Tourists visit the private collections?

could buy unique souvenirs there to take back home.

hardly had any museums before 19th century.

found the antiques there more valuable.

e collections were of greater variety.

55. How dis the Grand Tour influence the architecture in England?

appeared more and more Roman-style buildings.

aristocrats began to move into Roman-style villas.

crats' country houses all had Roman- style gardens.

n architects were hired to design houses and gardens.

Part IV Translation (30 minutes)

唐朝始于

618

< br>年，

终于

907

年，

经过三百年的发展，

唐代

中国成为世界上最繁荣的强国，

其首都长安是世界上最大的 都市，

这一时期，经济发达，商

业繁荣，社会秩序稳定，

甚至边境也对外开放，随着城市化的财富的增加，

艺术和文学也繁

荣起来。

李白和杜甫是以作品简洁自然而著称的诗人。

他们的诗歌打动了学者和普通人的心，

即使在今天，他们的许多诗歌仍广为儿 童及成人阅读背诵。

2017

年

6

月英语六级答案解析（卷二）

Part I Writing(30 minutes)

【参考范文】

The heated discussion about the best choice in selecting the major

：

humanities or science

has never stopped in the past few years. Opinions on the topic vary greatly among people. Some

believe that it is a better choice to acquire knowledge in science, but others consider it better to

dig into the humanities.

As for me, I totally agree with the former choice with the following reasons presented below.

Initially, one of the most important reasons cited by people is that to major in science can not

only improve one

’

s logical thinking ability but also sharpen one

’

s insight in daily routine, which

is of great importance in one

’

s growth. Additionally, acquiring scientific knowledge contributes

greatly to one

’

s success in this world with rapid development of science and technology.

From

my

perspective,

it

is

crucial

that

modern

education

should

encourage

people

to

be

practitioners. What

’

s more, one of the most critical factors we should take into consideration is

that people should understand the meaning and value of scientific knowledge. Only in this way

can we achieve greater success.

【译文】

在过去 几年中，

选择文科专业还是理科专业这个话题一直都是热议的话题。

人们对这个

话题意见不一。一些人认为理科是好的选择，而有些人认为文科是好选择 。

对于我而言，

我选择理科，

有以下理由：

首先，

人们想到的选择理科最为 重要的原因为，

理科不仅可以提升一个人的逻辑能力，

还可以提 高自身在日常生活中的洞察力，

这是非常有

助于学生的成长的。

而且，

学习理科知识可以极大的帮助学生在这个科技快速发展的 世界中

获得成功。

从我的角度出发，

现代教育鼓励学生成为实践者是非常关键的。

而且，