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牛津译林八年级上册词汇专题复习
1.
名词词汇填空题考点:
1)
词性变形:
2)
变复数:
1.
直接加
s
2.
以辅音字母
+y
结尾去
y
改
i
加
es
,如
study-studies
以
元音字母
+y
结尾直
接加
s
,如
boy-boys
3.
以
f
,
fe
结尾去
f
,
fe
改
v
加
es
,如
leaf-leaves
wife-wives
(初中阶段除了
giraffe
是直接加
s
)
4.
以
o
结
尾有生命的加
es
,没有生命的
+s<
/p>
,如
potato-potatoes
studio-
studios
有生命的:
hero potato
tomato mango
5.
以
< br>s
,
x
,
sh
,
ch
结尾
+es
,如
brush-brushes box-
boxes glass-glasses
beach-
beaches
(但是
stomach-
stomachs
)
6.
单复同形:
sheep-sheep fish-
fish
(鱼)
Chinese-Chinese
Japanese-
Japanese
7.
不规则:
man-men woman-women
mouse-mice child-children
tooth-teeth
foot-
feet
(但是
walkman-walkmans
human-humans
German-
Germans
)
3)
所有格:
表示人和时间的名词,要注意所有格,如:
ten
minutes’ work
。名词所有格是表
示所属关系,有
以下三种表达方式:
‘s;
of
所有格;双重所有格
of +’s
所有格
,
表示两者共有的,
the lily
and lucy’s
表示家,店名,诊所等,
at
the doctor’s, at
the Green’s
;
例题:
you please let me know the __________
(win) names? I’d better write
them down
now.
解析:根据
names
,可
确定前面应该填一个人,所以把
win
变为
winner
。然
后根据
name
s
复数可知
winner
也要加
s
,最后应该是赢家的名字,所以还需
加所有
格
答案:
winners’
I wonder how to use these two different
English-English _____________
(
字典
)
correctly. <
/p>
解析:先拼出单词
dictionary
,然后圈关键词
two
可知这里应该填复数
答案
: dictionary
grandfather, as a Jew, did stand to
fight against the __________
(German)
in WWII.
解析:根据句意可知应该填德国人,然后应该是填复数,表示与德国
人对抗。
答案:
Germans
en of your age are usually afraid of
making ____________ (speak) in
front of
many people.
解析:根据短语做演讲,可知这里应该填
< br>speak
的名词形式
speech
,然后这里
没有限定词,所以要填复数形式表示泛指。
答案:
speeches
one
can imagine the sacred girl was kept in
_____________ (silent) and
dark for
almost 3 hours.
解析:根据短语结构介词
+
名词,可知这里应该填
silent
的
名词形式。
答案:
silence
5.I dropped some paint onto the paper,
leaving some colourful
____________(
污点
)
on it.
解析:污点的单词为
mark
< br>,圈出关键词
some
,得知这里要填复数。
答案:
marks
2.
代词词汇填空题考点:
宾格,名词性物主代词,反身代词
宾
格一般是考一些会有学生误以为是反身代词的题:如:
take sth with
sb.
只能
填宾格,不能填反身代词。
It may hurt you.
发出者和承受者不是同一人,
只能填宾格。
名词性物主代词:上一句一定有某人的某物
出现,下一句说另一个人的来对比。
反身代词:
1)
主语后面一定是反身代词。
2)
固定短语:
help oneself to by
oneself keep...to oneself enjoy oneself
(注意
yourselves
)
< br>
3) make oneself understood/heard
例题:
Boys, would
you please calm __________ (you) down? It’s no use
arguing
loudly here.
解析:圈出
p>
you
,
calm
的发出者是
you
,承受者也是
you
。确定填反身代词,
圈出
boys
答案:
yourselves
You’d better take a map with
___________ (you).
解析:圈出
with
。
With
的
发出者是
map
,承受者是
you
p>
,不是同一个人。所
以填宾格。
答案:
you
The
workers _______________ (they) are hard-working.
解析:圈出
the
workers
,在主语后面用反身代词
答案:
themselves
I
can’t speak Japanese, it’s hard to make
_______________ (I) understood.
解析:圈出短语
make sb. understood
p>
表示让某人被理解。只有自己才能让自
己被理解,所以填反身代词。
答案:
myself
Please be careful, or it will hurt
______________ (you).
解析:圈出
i
t
,
hurt
的发出者和承受者不是一
个人,填宾格。
答案:
you
3.
数词词汇填空题考点:
基数词与序数词:形式
辨析:看后面名词,如果名词是复数,那么就用基数词。如果名词
是单数,那么就用序数词(记住千万不能把
the
当做判断依
据)
例题:
Which do you think is the most useful
invention in the _________________
(twenty-one) century?
解析:圈出关
键词
century
,是单数,所以前面要填序数词。
答案:
twenty-first
分数表示法:
例题:
It is clear
that 75 per cent means the same as three
____________ (four)
答案:
fourths
表达几十多
例题:
The boss
sitting by the window set up his biggest shopping
mall in his
____________
(四十)
.
答案:
forties
4.
介词词汇题考点:注意一些和动词的区分。
1. He said he would come (
p>
在
……
之间
) 5
o’clock and 6 o’clock.
2.
Kids
▲
(
低于
) 5 years old can’t play
with this kind of toy.
3.
The charity event is
▲
(
结束
). We all think it is a
great success.
4. Ice turns into water
when the temperature is
▲
(
超过
)
0
℃
.
5. You need
to put on more clothes because the temperature
will drop to five
degrees (<
/p>
在
……
以下
)
zero.
6. Steven’s exam results put him
_____________ (
在
.........
中
) the top students of
the class.
7. What bad
weather! It is said the temperature will
drop_____________(
以下
) 30
degrees.
8. Will we have
three days ___________ (
休息
)
after the tough task is completed?
9. T
rains_________
(在
……
之间)
cities run faster and faster now.
It takes shorter
time to go anywhere
you want.
10. --- How long has the
conference been
_________(
开始
)? --- About
one and a
half hours.
11.
The Silk Road spread over a large area. It was
from eastern China,
__________(
跨越
)
Central Asia and the Middle East, to the
Mediterranean
Sea(
地中
海
).
12. He often goes to school _______
(
乘
) his father’s
car.
13. Look! The window is
broken. The thief must come in
_________(
通过
)it.
_____________ (
低于
) 10
years old can’t understand this
book.
答案:
between 2. under 3. over 4.
above 5. below 6. among 7. below
8. off
9. between 10. on
11. across 12. in 13. through 14. under
5.
形容词副词填空题考点:
形容词修饰名词或者代词,位置:
1)
名词前
2)
系动词后
3) find/think/keep/make sth. +adj.
(
做宾补
)
4)
形容词
+enough
5)
复合不定代词
+
形容词
副词修饰动词和形容词,位置:
1)
行为动词后面
2)
开头加
“
,
”
3)
be
动词及形容词或者过去分词中间。
1.
形容词比较级与最高级:
比较级标志词:
much even
than far than
最高级标志词:
one of
序数词后
the
(范围是三者
) of all
in+
地点
简单音节形容词变比较级
:
(
最高级把
er
改
est
)
1)
直接
+er
:
2)
以辅音加
y
结尾,去
y
改
i
< br>加
er
:如
happy-
happier
3)
以重读闭音节结尾,双写尾字母加
p>
er
,如
big-bigger
4)
以
e
结
尾直接加
r
,如
nice-
nicer.
5)
不规则:
much/many-more-most
little-less-least
good/well-
better-best bad/badly/ill-worse-worst
far-farther/further(
< br>程度
)-farthest/furthest
2.
反义词:
反义前缀:
-in:
incorrect incomplete indirect
inactive
-dis: disadvantage dislike
disappear disagree discover dishonest
disabled
disability
-im: impatient improper
impossible impolite
其他用
un
:
3.
形容词与副词辨析
:可根据句意或位置进行判断(具体参考单选题考点)
形容词变副词:
1).
直接加
ly
2).
以
le
结尾,去
e
改
y
:
terrible
-terribly comfortable-comfortably
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