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专题复习
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形容
词和副词（一）
一、
形容词的构成及其用法
用以修饰名词
等表示人和事物的性质、
特征的词叫形容词。
它在句中可以充当
定
语、表语和宾语补足语，一般放在所修饰词的前面。
Eg. Those big moon cakes are delicious.
(
作表语
)
Eg. There
are many beautiful flowers in the park.
(
作定语
)
1.
修饰词尾为
-body/-one;
-thing
不定代词时，必须放在其后。
Eg.
There
’
s
nothing
wrong
with my bike.
Eg.
Please give me
something
delicious
to eat.
Eg.
Anybody clever
can
’
t do such stupid things.
2.
表示长、宽、高、深或年龄的形容词的常用结构：
数词
+
名词
+
形容词
12 years old/ 8meters long/
3 meters wide/ 100 kilometers high/ 1.8meters tall
Eg.
It
’
s a river 6 meters deep.
Eg.
That
’
s a road 300 kilometers
long.
Eg. The young man is 1.8 meters tall.
3.
系动词（
look, sound, smell,
taste, feel
）之后要接形容词
Eg. The soup tastes nice.
Eg. They all looked very happy after
hearing the good news.
4.
–
in
g
形容词和
-ed
形容词的区别
-ed
形容词通常用来形容人，而
-ing
形容词通常用来形容事或物
如：
disappointed/excited/intereste
d/surprised/bored/amazed/relaxed
(
某人
)
感到失望
/
兴奋
/
有趣
/
奇怪
/
厌烦
/
震惊
/
放松
disappointing /exciting /interesting
/surprising /boring /amazing/ relaxing
（某事）令人失望的
/
兴奋的
/
有趣的
/
奇怪的
/<
/p>
厌烦的
/
震惊的
/
放松的
5.
“
the
+
部分形容词
”
表示“一类人”
the young
the old
the rich
the
poor
二、
副词的构成和用法。
副词是用来说明
时间、地点、程度、方式等概念的词，主要用来修饰动词、动词
词组、形容词等。
副词的构成形式主要有两大类：
1.
单词本身就是副词。
例如：
often, now, always, then,
yesterday, today, much, very,
a bit,
so, here, there,
等
1
2.
大部分副词都是由一个形容词加词尾
-ly
构成的，其构成方法见下表：
大多数形容词
直接加
-ly
bad-badly;
careful-carefully
以
-y
结尾的形容词
变
-y
为
-i,
再加
ly
easy-easily; busy-busily
以
le
结尾的形容词
去掉
-e,
再加
-y
terrible-
terribly; gentle-gently
以辅音
+
e
结尾的形容词
直接加
-ly
nice-
nicely; safe-safely
以元音
+e
结尾的形容词
去掉
--e,
再加
-ly
true-truly
注意：
(1)
形容词
< br>good
的副词形式是
well
(2)high; fast;
late; early
等形容词和副词同形
(3)
有
些以
-ly
结尾的词是形容词而不是副词，如：
friendly(
友好的
)
；
lovely(
可爱的
)
；
lively
（生动的）
；
ugly
（丑陋的）
；
lonely
（孤独的；
寂寞的）
3.
< br>enough(
足够的；足够地
)
：当
enough
修饰名词时，要放在名词前面；而修饰
形容词或副词时，则要放在其后。
Eg:
We have
enough food
to eat.
Eg. The clothes are
soft
enough
for you to wear.
4.
易混词辨析
1
）
hard
和
hardly
hard
作“艰辛的，坚硬的”时是形容词；作“努力地，辛
苦地”是副词
hardly
意为“几乎不”
，只能作副词
eg. The diamond
is very hard.
The old man
lived a hard life in the past.
Mary works very hard, but his brother
is very lazy and he hardly works.
2
）
alone
和
l
onely
alo
ne
意为“单独地，独自地”
，作副词，强调客观事实
lon
ely
意为“寂寞的，孤独的”作形容词，含有主观的感情色彩
eg. The old
lady lives alone, but she never feels lonely.
课堂练习：
Task1:
翻译短语。
1.
忙碌的一天
2.
回家晚
3.
仔细地书写
4.
一本有趣的书
5.
非常喜欢
6.
美丽的花
7.
刚才
8.
立即
9.
九个新学生
10.
静静地坐着
11.
起床早
12.
度长假
13.
快乐的女孩
14.
大大的蓝色眼睛
Task2:
用所给词的正确形式填空
.
1. Ken is _______ in playing football,
he thinks football is _______.(interest)
2
2. I feel very
________ now, doing nothing at home is
____________.(bore)
3. I feel
________________ at the _________________ news.
(disappoint)
4. We will make you
____________ by the _____________
hairstyle.(excite)
5. You will be
_____________ by reading this _____________
film.(relax)
6.
We
all
felt
______________
when
we
heard
of
the
_______________
news.(surprise)
7. I
won
’
t feel
if I don
’
t find
answers. (satisfy)
Task3:
单项选择。
1. We are
. Because his
story is not
.
A. tired; old
B.
sleepy(
欲睡的
); interesting
C. hungry;
delicious
D. happy; interesting
2.
It’s
very
.
Please close the door and the windows.
A. cold
B. hot
C. warm
D. expensive
3.
Jack went to school
.
His parents were angry.
A. late
B. early
C. well
D. soon
4. The
children are sleeping. Please walk
.
A. fast
B. beautifully
C. quiet
y
5.
Tom
goes to the zoo. The dogs there know
him.
A. soon
B. often
C.
carefully
D. kind
6.
It
’
s summer. Autumn is
coming
.
A. very much
B. just now
C.
tomorrow
D. soon
7. This
river is
.
A. 500 meter long
B.
500 meters long
C. 500 long meters
D. 500 long
meter
8. Is this a photo of your
daughter? She looks
in the pink dress!
A. lovely
B.
quietly
C. politely
D. happily
9.
The question is
for you to answer.
A. enough easy
B. enough easily
C.
easy enough
D. easily enough
10. The ice
in the lake is about one meter
.
It
’
s strong enough to skate
on.
A. long
B.
high
C. thick
D. wide
11. I have
to do today.
A. anything
important
B. something important
C. important
nothing
D. important
something
12.
Pass
my
glasses
to
me,
Jack.
Because
I
can
read
the
words
in
the
newspaper.
A. hardly
B. really
C.
clearly
D. nearly
13.
The twins are together most of the time. So they
never feel
.
A. lonely
B. alone
C. happily
D. friendly
14.
We decided not to climb the mountains because it
was raining
.
A. badly
B. hardly
C. strongly
D. heavily
15.
He looked at it
again.
A. care
B. carefulness
C. careful
D. carefully
3
课后练习：
Task1:
根据句意及所给提示，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. The little girl is crying
(sad).
2. Simon is a good car salesman. He can
sell cars very
(good).
3. Your math is not very good. You
should study it
(hard).
4. Do you see the
girl over there? She can
dance
(beautiful).
5.
We saw many
different birds in the park and we learn to tell
people about them
(correct).
Task2:
选择形容词或副词（
划线部分）
，连词成句。
1.
The birds;
nice/ nicely; sing
2.
soft/softly; she; the door; closed
3.
speak; fluent/
fluently; three languages; can; she
4.
careful/
carefully; write your report; please
5.
Mr Zhang; in;
working; busy/ busily; the office; is
Task3:
单项选择。
1. ---Mr
Smith, would you please speak a little more
?
---Sorry! I thought you would follow
me.
A. slowly
B. politely
C. seriously
D. clearly
2. ---Your coffee smells
.
---Thank you. I made it by myself.
Would you like to taste it?
A. well
B. sweet
C. nicely
D. bad
3. The shoes sell
, because they
are
in
quality.
A.
good; well
B. good; good
C.
well; well
D. well; good
4. He is a
worker and does everything
.
A. careful;
careful
B. carefully; carefully
C.
carefully; careful
D. careful; carefully
5.
Remember not to speak
when we are in the reading room.
A. fast
B. slowly
C. politely
D. loudly
6. The Internet is
very useful for us. We can find information
.
A. easy
B.
easily
C.
excitedly
D. angrily
7. It was very
in the classroom, so the teacher had to
walk
.
A. quiet; quietly
B. quietly; quiet
C. quiet; quiet
D. quietly; quietly
8. The
meat smells
.
You
’
d better throw it away.
A. badly
B. bad
C. good
D. well
9. We
love to go to the country in spring as the flowers
smell so
.
4