-
Unit 10
1.
precipitation
[
prIsip
?
'te
?
?
n ]
n.
the falling to earth of any form of
water (rain or snow
or hail or sleet or
mist)
【术语】
（雨、
雪等的）
降落；
降水量
eg.
There will be
precipitation
on northern
hills
tonight.
今夜北面山上有降雨。
Phrase
:probable
precipitation
可降水量
amount of precipitation
降雨量
dust precipitation
除尘
chemical precipitation
化学沉淀
precipitate<
/p>
[pr
??
s
?
p
??
tet]
v
①
(cause
to)
happen
suddenly
or
sooner;
hasten
(
使
)
突然发生
.
eg. A cool breeze caused
a
precipitate
drop in
the temperature.
冷风使温度急降
.
②
throw sb/sth
suddenly into
使突然陷入
eg. The cart overturned and
precipitated
us to
the ditch.
车子翻了，我们被摔进了沟里
。
③
cause a
substance to do this
沉淀
,
析出
eg.
Iron
and
aluminum
compounds
precipitate
as
a
voluminous
sludge.
铁和铝的化合物成为一种体积庞
大的蓬松的游渣沉淀下来。
Phrase:
precipitate
as
凝结成
precipitate into
突然使某人
〔物〕
进入某种状态
2.
insulate
['
?
ns
?
le
?
t]
v.
①
protect
from
heat,
cold,
or
noise
by
surrounding
with insulating
material
使绝缘，使隔绝
eg.
Rubber
is
used
to
insulate
electric
wires.
橡皮用来给电线绝缘。
②
place or set apart
隔离，使孤立
eg.
Trying
to
insulate
herself
from
the
chaos
surrounding her.
竭力把她自己与周围的混乱隔开。
Phrase:
insulate against
防止…
,
与…隔绝
=separate from sth
insulate
from
(v.+prep.)
(
使
)
与
…
隔
绝
,(
使
)
免于…的危害
=separate from sth so as to
protect
3.
crust
[kr
?
st]
n.
①
a hard outer layer that
covers
something
硬外表，
外壳
eg. The
crust
on
the snow was thick enough for us
to
walk on it.
外层的雪已经冻硬，可以在上面行走。
②
面包皮
eg.
crust
of
the
bread
is
burnt.
这块面包的
外皮烤焦了。
Phrase
:dry crust
干面包皮
earth crust
地壳
rice crusts
锅巴
4.
surge
[s
??
rd
?
< br>]
v.
①
rise and move, as in waves or billows
.
在浪涛
中或如同波浪般前进
eg. The crowd
surged
past him.
人们从他身边
涌过。
②
rise rapidly;
急剧上升
eg.
The value of exports
surged
last year.
去年出口
值激增。
n.
①
a
sudden
or
abrupt
strong
increase
突然发
生，激增
failed
to
stimulate
a
surge
of
investment
in
industry.
这没有能刺激工业投资
的激增。
②
a sudden
forceful flow
向前或向上的运动
eg.
The
great
surge
had
built
up
in
the
Gulf
Stream.<
/p>
汹涌的巨浪在墨西哥湾流形成了。
Phrase:
surge
protector
浪涌电压保护器
storm surge
风暴大潮
,
风暴潮
surge limit
波动极限
Question1
Indirect
impacts
climate
change
has on human health
include which part
？
Answer:
Include
air
pollution
，
vector-
borne
disease,water
quality
and
quantity,nutritional
health and food supplies,vulnerable
sectors of
society made more
vulnerable.
Difficult sentence:
Combined with storm surges,which occur
when
low
pressure
weather
systems
and
strong
onshore
winds
raise
water
levels
to
a
meter
above
normal,
areas
that
had
never
experienced flooding before could be at
risk for
flooding.
5.
erosion
[
??
r
???
(
?
)n]
n.
the
mechanical
process
of
wearing
or
grinding
something
down
(as
by
particles
washing over
it).
腐蚀，侵蚀，磨损
.
Eg:More
familiar
landscapes
have
been
sculpted by surface
erosion<
/p>
.
还有更多熟悉的地貌
是因地表侵蚀形成
的。
Phrase:
erosion
风蚀；风力侵蚀
n rate
侵蚀率
6
.
vulnerable
[
?
v
?
ln
?
r
?
b
?
l]
adj.
(1).
susceptible
to
attack
易受攻击的，有弱
点的
eg:But
modern
humans
were
more
vulnerable
to
the
cold .
但是现代人更容易受
到
寒
冷
的
攻
击
.
(2)
capable of
being wounded or hurt. (
指人
)
易
受伤害的，脆弱的
eg
：
Lacking self-
confidence and maturity,
many
teenagers
are
left
feeling
very
vulnerable
.
许多十几岁
的孩子既缺乏自信又不够
懂
事
，
所
以
感
情
上
十
分
脆
弱
。
Phrase
:able
group
弱势群体
able part
薄弱部分
7.
contaminate
[k
?
n
?
t?
m
??
net]<
/p>
v.
(1)
make
radioactive
by
adding
radioactive
material;
污染
eg:All
over
the
world,
oil
spills
regularly
contaminate
coasts.
在世
界
各
地
，
油
< br>溢
出
物
经
常
污
染
着
海
岸
。
(2)
make
impure
弄脏
eg
：
Contaminate
your bed,
and you will
one night suffocate in
your own waste.
如
果你弄脏了自己的环境<
/p>
,
总有一天会窒息在你所丢弃
的垃圾之中
。
（
3
）
玷污
eg
：
We have to
constantly guard our heart
and not
allow and
contaminate
us.
人生在世
,
必须时时刻刻保守自己的心
,
不让这个世界的不义玷
污我们。
Phrase
: contaminate
environment
污染环境
vt.
become worse
or disintegrate (
使破裂
)
使恶化
eg
：
There are
fears that the situation might
deteriorate
into
full-scale
war.
人
们担心形势
可能恶化而演变成一场全面战争。
8.
de
teriorate
[d
??
t
?
ri
?
re
?
t]
vt/vi
vi.
grow
worse;
变坏
eg:This food will
d
eteriorate
rapidly on
contact
with a
ir.
这种食物一接触到空气即迅速变坏。
Phrase
:1.
environment deteriorate
环境恶化
orate degree
退化程度
icantly
deteriorate
显著恶化
Question
2
:What is the direct effect of
climate change on human health?
Answer
: The direct effect of
Climate
change is
it
may cause
extreme
weather and it risk of death or
injury due to
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