-
形容词比较级
(
一<
/p>
)
一般句式的构成：
A + is /
are+
形容词比较级
+ than + B
A
是主格
B
是宾格
如：
She is taller than me.
[She is the
tallest of the three girls. ]
He is
older than me.
The boy runs faster than the girl.
This lesson is more
difficult than Lesson Five.
The story is
more interesting than that one.
She looks younger than his sister.
（二）英语形容词比较级的构成
英语形容词比较等级有三个：
原级，比较级和最高级。
形容词比较等级形式变化有规则的和不规则的两种。
规则变化
1
）单音节词末尾加
-er
（比较级），
-est
（最高级）
原级
比较级
最高级
gr
eat
greater
greatest
small
smaller
smallest
clean
cleaner
cleanest
big
bigger biggest
high
hig
her
highest
tall
taller tallest
new
newer newest
cheap
cheaper
cheapest
light
lighter lightest
bright
brighter
brightest
heavy
heavier heaviest
clever
cleverer cleverest
fast
faster
fastest
cold
colder
coldest
clever
cleverer
cleverest
narrow
narrower
narrowest
2
）单音
节如以
e
结尾，只加
-r
（比较级），
-st
（最高级）
fine
finer
finest
wide
wider
widest
3
）闭音节
,
单音节词，如末尾只有
一个辅音字母，须先双写这个辅音字母，再加
-er
（比较级）
，
-est
（最高级）
big
bigger
biggest
hot
hotter
hottest
red
redder
reddest
wet
wetter
wettest
4
）少数以
-y
，
-er
，
ow
，
-ble
结尾的双音节词，末尾加
-
er
（比较级），
-est
（最高级）
。
以
-
y
结尾的词，如
-y
前是辅音字母，则
变
y
为
-i
，
再加
-er
和
-est
。以
-e
结尾的词只加
-r<
/p>
和
-st
。
【例】
funny
funnier
funniest
easy
easier
easiest
heavy
heavier
heaviest
shy
shier
shiest
angry
angrier
angriest
friendly friendlier friendliest
5
）其它双音节和多音
节词皆在前面加单词
more
和
mos
t
。
careful
more careful
most
careful
difficult
more difficult
most
difficult
delicious more delicious
most delicious
interesting
more interesting
most interesting
expensive
more expensive
most expensive
dangerous more dangerous
most dangerous
6)
不规则变化
原级
比较级
最高级
good
better
best
well
better
best
bad
worse
worst
badly
worse
worst
ill
worse
worst
She
is better than the boy
at
playing chess.
many
more
most
much
more
most
little
less
least
few
fewer
fewest
far
farther / further
farthest / furthest
They look _____ than the poor girls,
because they all dressed well [badly].
他们的穿着都不错
[
不好
]
。
B. good
I slept
very badly
last
night.
昨天夜里我睡得注：
有些形容词一般没有比较等级。
如：
right, wrong,
woolen, favourite
等。
形容词的比较等级的用法：
比较级用于二者的比较。
【例】
Li Ping is older than Wang Hai.
李平比王海年纪大。
There
are more students in Class A than in Class
B.
一班比二班学生多。
He
has more money than me.
二、形容词各等级的用法：
1
、
原级（同级）比较：
as…[adj/adv]
as…;
not as (so)…....as…
He writes as well as I.
She looks as
beautiful
as
her
sister.
They
were as careful as the boys.
They did their homework as carefully as
the girls.
We’ll
g
ive you as much help as we can.
She isn’t
as(so)active in
sports as before.
2.
比较级：表示两者之间比
……
更
……
可用状语
much, a
little, even
等修饰：
He
is
even/much stronger than his elder brother.
This room is much brighter than ours.
This flower is much more beautiful
than that type/kind of roses.
This country is even richer
than Germany.
He made fewer mistakes
than I
did
.
He
is even ric
her
than I.
This room is more brighter than
ours.×
This flower is much more beautiful than
tha
t type of rose.√
3
、高级：形容词最高级前必须加
the,
< br>副词最高级前常省略
the
，后面多用
< br>of……
，
in……
短语表示范围：
It was the most/least interesting story
I have
ever
listened.
He is the tallest of the three.
4
、如果在两者之间表示
“
最
……”
时要在比较级前加
the
，而且还用
of the two, of the
pair
短语：
John is
the cleverer of the two boys.
Of the two boys, John is the cleverer.
三、重点与难点：
1
、
as…
as…
结构：你和汤姆是一样好的孩子。
as
表示
“
像
……
一样
”
，引导比较状语从句，
对主句和从句的动作或状态加以比较，说明它们之间有相似之
处，在从句中常省略与主句
相同的部分。例如：
He doesn't work as
hard as I (do).
他不像我工作那样努力。
I hope the necklace was as good as the
one you lent
me.
我希望我挂项链同你借给我的一样好。
用于
as...as...
或
not so/ as...as...
中
,
前一个
as
< br>是副词
,
后一个
as
是连词
,
引导比较状语从句。如
< br>:
They helped the old man as often
as possible.
I don't speak English so/
as well as he does.
You’re
a boy as good as Tom.
=You’re as good a boy as
Tom.
2
、
(1)too…to
与
so…that ’t…
的句型转换：前者为简单句，主语只有
一个，而后者为复合句，主语
有两个，试比较：
The man was too
angry to be able to speak.
The man was so angry that he wasn’t
able t
o speak.
The milk was too hot to drink.
The milk was so
hot that we can’t drink it.
(2)
too…to…
与
not
enough to
句型的转换：
He is too young to get
married.=He is not old enough to get married.
The book is too
difficult for me to read.=
The book is not easy enough for me to
read.
3
、
形容词原级表示比较级含义：
约翰不象迈克那么苯。
John
is not so stupid as Mike.
John is less stupid than Mike.
John is
cleverer than Mike.
4
、
用比较级表示最高级：约翰是班里最高的男生。
John is taller
than any other boy in the class.
John is the tallest boy in
the class.
John
is taller than :any other boy.
any of the other boy.
all the other
boy.
any of the
others.
any one
else.
5
、
the
more….. the more….
表示
“
越
……
越
……”:
The more
books you read, the wider your knowledge is.
The more food
you
eat
, the fatter you are.
6
、
more and more….
表示
“
越来
……
越
……”:
More and more students realized the
importance of a foreign language.
Our country is getting
stronger and stronger.
Mid-Autumn Festival
Mid-Autumn Day
第二部分
形容词比较级和最高级
绝大多数形容词有三种形式
,
原级
,
比较级和最
高级
,
以表示形容词说明的性质在程度上的不同。
形容词的原级
:
形容词的原级形式就是词典中出现的形容词的原形。
例如
: poor tall great glad bad
形容词的比较级和最高级
:
形容词的
比较级和最高级形式是在形容词的原级形式的基础上变化
的。分为规则变化和不规则变化
。
规则变化如下
:
1)
单音节形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在词尾加
-er
和
-est
构成。
gr
eat
(
原级
)
(
比较级
)
(
最高级
)
2)
以
-e
结尾的单音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加
-r
和
-st
构成。
wide
(
原级
)
(
比较级
)
(
最高级
)
3)
少数以
-y, -er,
-ow,
-ble
结尾的双音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加
-er
和
-est
构成。
clever(
原级
)
(
比较级
)
(
最高级
)
4)
以
-y
结尾
,
但
-y
前是辅音字母的形容词的比较级和最高级是把
-y
去掉
,
加上
-ier
和
-est
构成
.
happy
(
原形
)
(
比较级
)
(
最高级
)
5)
以一个辅音字母结尾其前面的元音字母发短元音的形容词
的比较级和最高级是双写该辅音字母然后再
加
-er
和
-est
。
big
(
原级
)
(
比较级
)
(
最高级
)
6)
双音节和多音节形容词的比较级和最高级需用
more
和
most
加在形容词前面来构成。
beautiful (
原级
)?(<
/p>
比较级
)
(
最高级
)
difficult
(
原级
)
(
比较级
)
(
最高级
)
常用的不规则变化的形容词的比较级和最高级
:
原级
------
比较级
< br>------
最高级
good------better------best
many------
more------most
much------more
------most
bad------worse------worst
far
----farther, further---farthest, furthest
形容词前如加
less
和
least
则表示
< br>较不
和
最不
important
重要
less important
较不重要
least
important
最不重要
形容词比较级的用法
:
形容词的比较级用于两个人或事物的比较
,
其结构
形式如下
:
主语
+<
/p>
谓语
(
系动词
)
+
形容词比较级
+than+
对比成分。
也就是
,
含有形容词比较级的主句<
/p>
+than+
从句。注意从句常常省去意义上和主句相同的部分<
/p>
,
而只剩下对比的成分。
Our teacher is
we are.
我们老师的个子比我们的高。
It
is
today than it was
yesterday.
今天的天气比昨天暖和。
This picture is
than that one.
这张照片比那张照片漂亮。
This meeting is
than that one.
这次会议不如那次会议重要。
The
sun is
than the moon.
太阳比月亮大得多。
形容词最高级的用法
:
形容词最高级用于两个以上的人和物进行比较
,
其结构形式为
:
主语<
/p>
+
谓语
(
系动词
)+the+
形容词最高级
+
名词
+
表示范围的短语或从句。
She is
student
her
class.
她是班上最好的学生。
Shanghai is one of
cities
China.
上海是中国最大城市之一。
This is
apple I
have
ever
met.
这是我见到的最大的苹果。
Tom
is
boy in his basketball
team.
汤姆是他们篮球队中个子最高的孩子。
英语语法之形容词比较级和最高级练习题
1. This box is___ that one.
A. heavy than
B. so heavy than
C. heavier as
D. as
heavy as
2 When we speak to people, we
should be ___ .
A. as polite as possible
B.
as polite as possibly
C. as politely as possible
D. as politely
as possibly
3 This book is___ that one,
but____ than that one.
A.
as difficult as; expensive
B. as more difficult as;
more expensive
C. as
difficult as; more expensive
D. more difficult as; as expensive
4 I think the story is not so ___ as
that one.
A. interesting
B. interested
C. more interesting
D. most
interesting
5 His father began to
work____ he was seven years old.
A. as
old as B. as early as C. since D. while
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