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七年级语法第5讲 形容词

作者:高考题库网
来源:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao
2021-02-01 16:43
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2021年2月1日发(作者:cofounder)































专题学习


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形容词



【导入】



1) He looks happy.




He is a happy boy.


2) He is looking at the dog happily.



思考:



1.


形容词和副词用法有什么不同点?



2.


形容词修饰什么词?副词修饰什么词?



【重点讲解】



知识点


1




形容词用法



1.

形容词概念:


用来修饰名词,表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征的词,叫形容词。< /p>



2.


形容词作用,

是用来修饰、描绘名词的,通常在句中作定语、表语或宾补,有时还可作状语。



如:


This is an interesting book. (


作定语)







He is honest and hardworking.


(作表语)







I found the book interesting.


(作宾补)



3.


在连系动词后


+adj


作表语;连词动词有



A.


be(



),look(


看起来


),feel(


摸上去


), smell(


闻起来


),taste(


尝起来


),sound(


听起来


),


seem(


似乎是


), appear (


似乎、显得


)


等。

< br>


B .


.


表“保持”词



remain(


依然


),keep(


保持


),stay(


保持


),continue(


继续、仍旧


),





C.




变化



的词



bec ome(


变成


), turn(


变成


), grow(


变得


), get(


变得< /p>


),go


(由好变坏)等




例如


:


The story sounds true.








Why don't you put the meat in the fridge? It will stay fresh for several days.








Put the fish in the fridge, or it will go bad in hot weather.


注意:


1).



只能作表语的形容词


: alone



alive



afraid

< p>


asleep



ill



interested


< p>
excited, surprised


等。





如:


That old man feels alone because his children are out.



I'm afraid he can't come




2).



ly


结尾的形容词有


fri endly



lively



lovely



lonely

< br>,


likely



lovel y


,等。



eg. Her singing was lovely.










3).


有些以


-ly


结尾既为形容词,也为副词,如


daily



weekly



monthly



yearly



early


等。










The Times is a weekly paper.


《时代周刊》为周刊。




4.


做宾语补足语




get sbsth adj


使得 某人、物


------





1






















make sbsth adj


使得某人、物


------





















keep sbsth adj


保持某物


-------


< p>


sb finds makes it adj to do sth


某人



发现


/


使



做某事




- -----






Eg: Have you


got everything ready


for the exam ?


你为考试做好每一种准备了吗?








The teachers


made us tired .



老师使得我们很累。








We must


keep the classroom clean and tidy .


我们必须保持教室的干净与整洁








We


find it easy to learn


English well.


我发现很容易学好英语。



5.. < /p>


形容词与不定代词


something



anything



nothing< /p>



everything


等连用时,要放 在这些词后面。



如:


Is there anything interesting in today's newspaper?


6.


某些形容词可以和定冠词连用,


表示一类人或事物,


其作用相当于一个名词,


如:


the young


(年


轻人),


the poor


(穷人),


the rich


(富人)。当其作主语时,谓语通常用复数形式。



如:


The rich and the poor live in different parts of the city.


7.


多个形容词的排序。如果有两个以上的形容词修饰同一个名词时,其前后排列顺序一般如下:






口诀:抽大高,形老色,国材用







限定词


(a/the



this



some



her…)+


数量词(先序数词后基数词)


+


观点< /p>


+


大小


+


形状< /p>


+


新旧


+


颜色< /p>


+


产地


+


材料< /p>


+


名词。如:


a dirty old black shirt


一件又脏又旧的黑色衬衣



注:


1


)形容词短语做定语时要后置。



如:


They are the students easy to teach.






他们是很容易较的学生。



2



else


要放在疑问代词或复合不定词之后< /p>




如:


Did you see anybody else?





你看到别的人了吗?




知识点


2


副词用法






副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子,有时也 能修饰名词,表示时间、地点、


方式、程度、动作、频度等,在句中主要用作状语。



(1)


副词在句中的成分




A


作状语






如:


we should listen to our teachers carefully


.我们应该认真听老师讲课。(副词修饰动词)










You are quite right.


(副词修饰形容词)










He ran very fast.



(


副词修饰副词


)









Luckily, no one died in the accident.



(


副词修饰整个句子


)



2





B.


作定语


(时间副词和地点副词可以做后置定语)。











eg The students here are all from Hubei.


C.


作表语





eg. What is on this evening?





(


今晚上演什么节目。)



D.


作宾语补足语






e.g. Don't let him in.


(2)


频度副词(


always, usually, often, sometimes, never



seldom

< p>
等)修饰动词时,放在连系动词和助


动词之后,行为动词之前,

< p>







如:


Mr. Smith usually comes to school by car.



注意



1)


副词


very


可以修饰形容词,但不能修饰动词。







改错:(错)




I very like English.














(对)



I like English very much.









2)


副词


e nough


要放在


adj/adv


的后 面,形容词


enough


放在名词前后都可。

< br>








I don't know him well enough.


他我不熟悉。










There is enough food for everyone to eat.


有足够的食物供每个人吃。



(3)


形容词变副词的规律



a.



一般的形容词在结尾加


ly


变为副词。例如:


careful- carefully


b.



以元音加


e


结尾的单词要去


e

< br>在加


ly


。例如:


true-t ruly



gentle


< p>
gently



c.



辅音加


y


结尾的单词去


y



i


在加

< br>ly


。例如:


angry-angrily


d.



单音节


y


结尾直接加


ly


。例如:

< p>
shy-shyly


e.



le


结尾的单词直接将


e


变为


y


。例如:


te rrible-terribly, possible-possibly



f.



形容词、副词同形:


hard, fast, friendly, late, early, lovely, long, well




这些单词加


ly


之后就变成其他意思的单词了。例如:


hardly


就变成“几乎不”的意思,


是小学阶段五大隐形否定词(

< p>
few



little, never, seldom, hardly


)之一。



练一练:



1. Mrs White smiled _____ ( happy) when she received a present from her daughter.


2. I changed into my sports shoes so that I could walk more ____________(comfortable ).



3. Mary passed her examination because she studied very ________( hard ).



4.


“Why didn’t you tell me earlier?” The boss shouted _______(angry).



5.


It’s ___(true) possible that robot teachers will be popular in schools some day.



6. Last night it rained __________(heavy) in the southern part of the city.




3





知识点


3


形容词副词等级三种用法





)


、原级的用法





1.


只能修饰原级的词


, very, quite, so, too




例如


, He is too tired to walk on.


他太累了以至于不能再继续走了。









My brother runs so fast that I can‘t follow him.


我弟弟跑得那么快以至于我跟不上他。





2.


原级常用的句型结构



1) as +adj/adv +as





eg. Tom runs as fast as Mike.


汤姆和迈克跑得一样快。




2) be+not+as/so+adv/adv (


原级)


+as





This room is not as/so big as that one.


这个房间不如那个大。






He doesn’t walk as slowly as you.


他走路不像你那样慢。





句型转换:



1.I don



t think math is


as interesting as


English.


=I think math is


less interesting than


English.


=I think English is


more interesting than


math.


is


the same age as


Gina.= Mary is


as old as


Gina.


has


longer


hair


than


Tom.


= Sam



s hair is


longer than


Tom



s.(than


用于接比较级对象,比较对象要一致。)



= Tom



s hair is not


as long as


Sam



s.




)


、比较级的用法

< br>


1.



比较级标志的词:


than.



than

前一定用比较级)



注意


:修饰形 容词或副词的比较级,表程度。



much, a lot, far, …


的多


a little, a bit


一点;


even


甚至


, still


仍然,










Lesson One is much easier than Lesson Two.


第一课比第二课容易得多。









Tom looks even younger than before.


汤姆甚至比以前更年轻。



2.


变化规则:


1


)规则变化


(


一加


e



y


变化,双写字母不用 怕。)














long---longer---longest





late---later--- latest




early--- earlier---earliest




big---bigger---biggest






outgoing---more outgoing---most outgoing



4





2


)不规则变化



good/well---better---best








many/much---more---most







bad/badly---worse---worst


little---less---least













far---farther ---farthest / far---further---furthest



3.


比较级常用的句型结构





1)


比 较级表达法:




+be+adj.< /p>


比较级


+than+


< br>”


表示



甲比乙


…”














Tom is taller than Kate.


汤姆比凯特高。



2

< br>)甲


+be+


倍数


+

< p>
比较级


+than+








甲比乙



几倍


”< /p>




This room is three times bigger than that one.


这个房间比那个大三倍。



3



of the two

< p>
这个介短语时,必须用比较级,且比较前须加


the.

如:










Of the two boys,Tom is the taller one.


4




比较级,


the+


比较级




....


就越


.....:









The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you’ll make







5)


双重比较级:




比较级


+and+


比较级< /p>



表示



越来越


……”








He is getting taller and taller.


他变得越来越高了。







The flowers are more and more beautiful.


花儿越来越漂亮。



6


)比较级


+than+the other +n.(


复)


==


比较级


+than +any other +n.(


单)









1. The Yangtze River is longer than any other river in China.



=The Yangtze River is longer than any of the other rivers in China.




=The Yangtze River is the longest river in China.


is taller than the other students in his class.








Tom is taller than any other student in his class.








(the other+


可数名词复数


=any other+


可数名词单数)








is larger than any country in Africa.



) .


形容词最高级





1




最高级标志词:


in, of, among.








Tom is the tallest in his class. /of all the students.


2



or


用在选择疑问句中 。如果有两者供选择,前面的形容词或副词要用比较形式;



如果有三者或三都以上供选择,则要用最高级。








Which is bigger, the earth or the moon






5

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