-
p>
中
考
英
语
阅
读
理
解
设
题
及
解
< br>答
技
巧
中
考
英
语
阅
读
理
解
设
p>
题
主
要
分
成
细
节
理
解
题
、词
义
猜
测
题
、推
< br>理
引
申
题
和
主
旨
大
意
题
,尤
其
是<
/p>
主
旨
大
意
题
,初
中
学
生
普
遍
感
觉
复
习
没
< br>有
方
向
,掌
握
不
了
技
巧
。本
文
旨
在
对
各
个
设
p>
题
进
行
剖
析
,
和
学
生
共
同
揣
< br>摩
解
题
方
法
,
掌
握
技
巧
,
化
解
p>
压
力
。
一
,
p>
阅
读
理
解
之
细
节
理
解
题
1.
细节题即我们常见的
wh-
题,
(what, which, who, where, why, when,
whose, how)
,根据
文章的具体信息如事实,例证,
原因,过程等进行提问,考查学生获取信息,以及对文章所
提供信息的理解能力。
2.
常见设题方式
(1)
Which of the following statement is
True/ Not True?
(是非判断题型)
(2) Which of the following is Not
mentioned in the text?
(3) What/ Who/
When/ Where/ Why/ How…?
(特殊疑问类型)
(4) All
the statements are true Except?
(
except
,除
……
之外)
(5) Which is the right
order of …?
(排序题类型)
(6) The author gives in the example in
…paragraph in order to
…
(例证题类型)
(7) …the
most/ ~est; ……the only ……
(判断修饰限定的细节题类型)
3.
答题技巧
(1)
审题:找出题干或选项中的关键词(数字,大写,人民,地名等);
(2)
阅读全文,确定该细节在文中的出处;
(3)
对照题干要求,排除或者选择;
(4)
确定答案,并验证答案。
例题
1
:
How much does your
mother do for you? She taught you to walk, helped
you learn to read and
looks after you
every day. And you could never thank her enough
for everything.
Q: According to the
passage, what did your mother do for you?
A.
Taught you to walk.
C. Took care of you
B.
Helped you learn to read
D. All of the above.
答案:
D
,根据划线部分可知
A
,
B
,
C
都
是,故选择
D
。
例题
2
:
Mr. Brown was born in a poor family.
(
D
)
He
couldn’t go to school when he was young.
(
A
)
Now
he’s
a
porter
and
works
at
a
station.
(
C
)
He
doesn't
think
it
necessary
to
know
some
1
knowledge of science. His
son. Bill, began to go to school last year. The
boy likes nothing except
playing.
He
doesn't
listen
to
the
teachers
in
class
and
can't
do
his
homework
after
class.
It's
the
hardest thing for him to do math
exercises. And he wants to drop it.
Q: Which of the
following is true?
A. Mr. Brown was
going to be a porter when he was young.
B. Mr. Brown's parents were too poor to
send him to school.
C. Mr. Brown wasn't
interested in science when he was young.
D. There was no school in Mr. Brown's
hometown.
答案:
B
,
首先要知道题目让我们选择的是正确的一项,
根据划线部分可得
出答案为
B
。
他现在是一个行李搬运工
,而不是以前,
A
错误;
Mr
Brown
现在认为没有必要知道一些科
学知识,
C
错误;根据第二句话可知因为家里穷没有上学,
而不是没有学校,
D
错误。
4.
细节干扰项特征
(1)
是原文信息,但不是题目所要求的信息;
(2)
符合常识,但不是文章内容;
(3)
与原文内容及其相似,只是在程度上有些变动(通常过于绝对化的词不要选);
(4)
部分正确,部分错误;
(5)
张冠李戴。
例题:
The
children’s answers were generally growth of moral
understanding in early childhood.
(
D
)
More
of
the
four-to-
five-year-olds
thought
the
child
in
the
story
would
feel
better
keeping
the
stolen candy, lying and
getting unpunished. They imagined the parent in
the study would be angry
with the child
who confessed. However, the seven-to-nine-year-
olds were more likely
(可能的)
to
think the child would feel better confessor.
Q: What did smith and his workmates
find in their study?
A. Older kids are
more likely than younger children to confess to a
bad act.
B. Younger children
are more likely than older kids to confess to a
bad act.
C. The four-to-five-year-olds
would feel better confessing the crime.
D. The seven-to-nine-year-olds thought
parents would be angry with their confessions.
答案:
A
,本题带了一点的推理题在里面,不
可以直接得出答案,需要转换一下思路。根据
第二句话可知
D<
/p>
选项错误,应该是
4-5
岁的孩子认为承
认错误父母会生气;根据最后一句话
可知
B
和
C
错误,
A
选项正确。
注:本道题很好
的体现了部分正确和部分错误以及张冠李戴这种现象,做题时要注意
动作发生的主语是谁。
二
,
阅
p>
读
理
解
之
词
义
猜
测
题
1.
词义猜
测题是指在阅读过程中,根据对语篇的信息,逻辑,背景知识及语言结构等的综合理解去< p>
猜测或推断某一生词,难词,关键词的意义。
备
注:两种方式:(
1
)猜测单词的中文意思;(
2
)
猜测单词的同义词或者近义词。
2
2.
常见设题方式
(
1
)
The
underlined word/ phrase in the passage means
_________.
(
2
)
The
word “it/ them” in
Para 1/ the first
paragraph refers to __________.
(
3
)
What does the
underlined word “…” refers to
__________.
(
4
)
What’s the meaning of the
underline word “…”?
3.
答题技巧
(
1
)根据上下文语境猜测词义
例题:
Hello, everyone. I’m Gina. I’m a
librarian. I work in a school
library.
It’s 3:30 in the afternoon now. I’m
working for the students.
Q: The underlined word “ librarian” in
the passage means ________.
A.
校长
B.
图书管理员
C.
作家
D.
书商
答案:
B
,
联系上下文,在学校图书馆工作,应该是图书管理员。
p>
(
2
)根据定义或者释义关系猜测词义
p>
利用定义或者释义关系猜测词
义,即根据文章上下文,借助定语(从句),表语甚至用逗号,
破折号等引出的内容对生
词加以解释说明。常用的标志性词汇有:
be,
mean,
refer
to,
be
called,
be
known
as, that is, or, in other
words
等
例题:
I ran into my house quickly to call
119, and then I rang my neighbor’s doorbell and
knocked at the
door, but there was no
response. Oh, maybe there was nobody at home. I
got into the house through the
window
and found…
Q: The underlined word “response” can
be replaced by _________.
A.
result
B. answer
C. question
D. key
答案:
B
< br>,根据前后文,敲门但是没有回应,可能家里没有人在家,
response
p>
这个单词是
“
回应
”
的意思,和
answer
是同义词。
(
3
p>
)根据生活常识猜测词义
例题:
It was a
great way to get his mind off what he had to do
later. As they got close to the school, he could
feel his heart beating. His hands were
starting to sweat. He hated this!
Q: What does
the underlined word “sweat” probably
mean?
A.
触摸
B.
鼓掌
C.
出汗
D.
指点
答案:
C
,前文说到走进学校的时候,感觉到自己的心
跳,根据生活常识紧张的时候心跳得很
快,并且会出汗,所以可以推测出这个单词的意思
,
sweat
是
“
出汗
”
的意思。
3
<
/p>
(
4
)根据对比关系猜测词义
在
but,
however,
yet,
otherwise,
though
这些表示意义转折的连词出现的句子中,其前后的词有明显
的对比关系,根据已知的内容
,通过这种对比关系,很容易猜出生词的词义。
例题
1
:
Though Tom’s face has been washed quite
clean, his neck still remains grubby.
Q: What does the underlined
word “grubby” refer to ?
A.
肮脏的
B.
整洁的
C.
舒服的
D.
仔细的
答
案:
A
,
though
表示尽管,前后转折,句意为:尽管
Tom
的脸被洗得
很干净,他得脖子仍然是脏
的。前后对比,
grubby
为
clean
的反义词。
例题
2
:
Parents
of
very
young
children
know
this:
You
catch
your
child
in
the
act
of
stealing
the
cookie
——
the
evidence
of
candy
written
on
his
or
her
face.
However,
you
get
a
wide
-eyed
denial
:
“I
didn’t do it!”
Q: What does the underlined word
“denial” mean?
A.
委屈
B.
责备
C.
否认
D.
拒绝
答案:
C
,根据段落意思,抓住了孩子偷东西的行为,但是
你得到了一个否认的答案。
However
前后表示转折,
p>
denial
作为名词,是否认的意思。
三
,
p>
阅
读
理
解
之
主
旨
大
意
题
1.
主
旨
大
意
题
在
于
考
查
对
全
文<
/p>
或
者
某
一
段
落
整
体
把
握
能
力
,即
对
整
篇
< br>文
章
的
概
括
能
力
;考
查
的
题
目
大<
/p>
多
是
针
对
段
落
(
或
全
文
)
的
主
题
思
想
,
标
题
或
者
目
的
。
2.
常<
/p>
见
设
题
方
式
(
1
)
考
查
文
章
的
中
心
思
想
The main idea/key point of
this passage is that ________.
Which of the
following statements best expresses the main idea
of the passage?
(
2
)
考
查
文<
/p>
章
标
题
的
选
择
The best
title/headline for this passage is ________.
Which of the following is the best
title?
(
3
)
考
查
作
< br>者
的
写
作
态
度
和
意
图
What is the author’s main purpose in
this passage?
In the passage the author
wants to tell ________.
The writer’s
attitude towards ...
is ________.
(
4
)
考
查
文
章
段
< br>落
大
意
的
理
解
4
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
上一篇:词形变化归纳
下一篇:人教版八年级上册Unit3-4单元知识点总结