-
阅读理解细节理解题之
间接信息题关于排序题的解题方法
排
序题的考查形式是在选项中列举一些具体的事实，然后对这些事实进行排序，要求考生根据事件发生
先后顺序和句子之间的逻辑关系，
找出事件发生，
发
展的正确顺序，
解题方法可采用
“
首尾
定位法
”
。
即先找
出第一个事件和最后一个事件，迅速缩小选择范围，从而快速选出正确答案。
一、略读各段，掌握段落大意
考生应
明确一点，那就是一篇完整的文章，先写什么后写什么，一定会有其一定的逻辑顺序，比如时
间顺序、事件发生的先后顺序、因果顺序等。因此，考生应明确全文结构，缕清文章脉络，掌握各段大意。< /p>
由于时间有限，考生在这一环节不必拘泥于细节，只需掌握各段的大致意思，找出各段的主
题句，进而也
就知道了整篇文章大概在讲什么。
二、注意已经给出的段落选项
阅读已
经固定的段落，通常情况下，首段选项会给出来，这有利于考生往下做题。因为看完首段内容，
< br>就可以得知整篇文章的大概意思。同时，考生应记住在第一时间内将已经确定出来的两个选项从卷子上划< /p>
掉，以防止引起不必要的混乱。如果首段选项没有给出来，考生应结合已经给出来的段落选
项，阅读其余
选项后选出首段，以确定全文大致结构和大致意思。
三、利用上下文的逻辑关系
要想
实现文章段落之间连贯通顺，还需要理清上下文之间的不同逻辑关系。这些逻辑关系包括并列关
< br>系、递进关系、转折关系、因果关系、例证关系等。表示并列关系的标志词汇有
a
nd, also, accordingly, in the
same way,
meanwhile
等
;
表示递进关系
的标志词汇有
furthermore, moreover, more impor
tantly
等
;
表示因果关系
的标志词汇有
because, for, since,
therefore, so,
thus
等；表示例证关系的标志词汇有
for
example, for instance,
like
等
。除了这些标志词汇之外，锁定段落间关键词也有助于找出逻辑关系。一些专有名词、代词、数字或
者年代词等，都是快速排列顺序的捷径。
例题精讲
2014
四川卷
C
（记叙文）
A
schoolgirl saved her father’s life by kicking him
in the chest after he suffered a serious allergic
(
过敏的
)
reaction
which stopped his heart.
Izzy,
nine,restarted father Colm’s heart by
stamping(
踩
) on his chest
after he fell down at home and stopped
breathing.
Izzy’s mother,
Debbie,immediately called 999 but Izzy knew
doctors would never arrive in time to save her
father ,so decided to use CPR.
However,
she quickly
discovered her arms weren’t strong enough ,so she
stamped on her father’s chest instead.
’s the right order of the
events?
①
Izzy kicked Colm.
②
Debbie called
999
③
Izzy
learned CPR
④
Colm’s heart stopped
A.
③①②④
B.
④②③①
C.
③④②①
D.
④③①②
答案解析：
C
细节理解题
根据第三、四段内容可知
，事情的经过是父亲晕倒心脏停止跳动
→
母亲拨打
999→ Izzy
施救
,
初步可以确定的顺序是④
→
②
→
①
< br>，
A
和
D
可排除，剩下的是③排在什么位置？
显然不
是在母亲去拨打
999
求救电话之后施救前这段短暂的
时间内学会的，而是在这个事情发生之前就曾学过。
故选
C
。
2016
年山东卷
C
（说明文）
The Lampbrella is a standard-looking
street lamp fitted with an umbrella canopy. It has
a built-in electric motor
which can
open or close the umbrella on demand . Sensors (
传感器
) then ensure that the
umbrella offers
pedestrians shelter
whenever it starts raining.
of the
following shows how the Lampbrella works?
A.
motor→
canop
y→
sensors
B.
sensors→
motor→
canopy
C.
motor→ sensors→ canopy
D.
canopy→
motor→
sensors
答案解析：
B
细节理解题
题目问的是：
“Lampbrella
的工作原理？
”
根据文章的内容：先由传感器接收
外界信息，再转换为控制信息号控制电机，电机最终使得伞蓬打开。故选
B
。
今天我们学习了阅读理解题细节理
解题
——
间接信息题关于排序题的解
题方法，希望同学们在做此类阅
读题时，先找出最早的一个事件和时间，把它作为事件发
生的具体点，然后使用排除法将范围逐渐缩小，
快速地选出正确答案。
< br>
课后练习
（一）
People can
use a home computer to make their shopping lists.
Once at the store, a shopper can use a preferred
customer card to start a system
(
系统
) that will organize the
trip around the store. If you're looking for
toothpicks,
you type in the word or
pick it from a list, and a map will appear on the
screen showing where you are and where
you can find them.…
54. Which of the following is the
correct order of shopping with the computerized
shopping carts?
a. Start the
system.
b. Make a
shopping list.
c. Find the things you
want.
d. Go to a self-checkout stand.
A. abdc
B.
bacd
C.
acbd
D. bcad
（二）
In the 19th century England people
liked to go to the seaside. In those days, ladies
wore long bathing dresses,
and men wore
bathing suits. Women did not walk about on the
beach in their bathing dresses. They hired a
bathing
machine. A bathing machine was
used for changing in, and for taking the bather
down to the sea. It cost 2 pence to
hire a machine and an attendant. When
she had paid, the bather climbed up the back steps
and got into the bathing
machine.
Then she changed into her bathing
dress. When she had changed, the machine was
pulled down to the sea. The
bathing
machine stopped in the water and the bather went
down the front steps into the water. If she didn’t
want to
get into the sea, the attendant
pulled her in.
65. In 19th century
people who used the bathing machine usually did
the following things. Which is the right
order for doing them?
a.
Changing into bathing clothing
b. Getting out of the
bathing machine
c. Paying 2 pence
d. Getting into the bathing
machine