中英文翻译版本：雨流计数法

1

）

。

3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:

定义本标准的特殊条款

3.2.1

load

—

used

in

these

practices

to

denote

force,

stress,

strain,

torque,

acceleration,

deflection, or other parameters of interest.

载荷——在这些做法表示力，应力，应 变，扭矩，加速度，挠度或其它感兴趣的参数。

3.2.2

reference

load

—

for

spectrum

loading

,

used

in

these

practices

to

denote

the

loading

level

that represents a steady-state condition upon which load variations are superimposed. The

reference load may be identical to the mean load of the history, but this is not required.

3.3 For other definitions of terms used in these practices refer to Definitions E 912.

参考（基准）载荷——对于载荷谱加载，

用于表示的加载水平，它表示 一个稳定状态并

且载荷变化是可以叠加的。

参考载荷与历程中的 平均载荷可以是相同的，

但是这不是必需的。

对于其他的这些规定中使用的术语的定义，请参阅定义

E912

。

4. Significance and Use

意义和使用

4.1 Cycle counting is used to summarize (often lengthy)irregular load-versus-time histories

by providing the number of times cycles of various sizes occur. The definition of a cycle varies

with

the

method

of

cycle

counting.

These

practices

cover

the

procedures

used

to

obtain

cycle

counts

by

various

methods,

including

level-crossing

counting,

peak

counting,

simple-range

counting, range-pair counting, and rainflow counting. Cycle counts can be made for time histories

of force, stress, strain, torque, acceleration, deflection, or other loading parameters of interest.

循环计数用于汇总

（通常是冗长的）

不规则的负载与时间历程，

通过提供 循环的各种尺

寸发生的数目。

随循环计数的方法的变化一个循环 有不同的定义。

这些规程涉及的程序，

用

了不同方法来获取循环计数，包括交叉计数，峰值计数，简单的范围计数，范围

-

对计数以

及雨流计数。循环计数随时间历程的参数有力，应力，应变 ，扭矩，加速度，挠度或其它感

兴趣的负载参数。

5. Procedures for Cycle Counting

循环计数的程序

5.1 Level-Crossing Counting :

水平交叉计数：

5.1.1

Results

of

a

level-crossing

count

are

shown

in

Fig.

2(a). One

count

is

recorded

each

time the positive sloped portion of the load exceeds a preset level above the reference load, and

each time the negative sloped portion of the load exceeds a preset level below the reference load.

Reference

load

crossings

are

counted

on

the

positive

sloped

portion

of

the

loading

history.

It

makes no difference whether positive or negative slope crossings are counted. The distinction is

made only to reduce the total number of events by a factor of two.

一个水平交叉的计数结果显示于图

2(a)< /p>

。

每一次正斜率部分的载荷超过预先设定的高于

< br>参考载荷的水平，

以及每一次的负斜率部分的载荷超过预先设定的低于参考载荷的 水平，

记

录一次计数。

载荷历程中横穿 参考载荷的正斜率部分会被计数。

无论是正或负斜率横穿进行

计 数，这都没有区别。区别仅仅是减少总的事件数为一半。

5.1.2

In

practice,

restrictions

on

the

level- crossing

counts

are

often

specified

to

eliminate

small

amplitude

variations

which

can

give

rise

to

a

large

number

of

counts.

This

may

be

accomplished

by

filtering

small

load

excursions

prior

to

cycle

counting. A

second method

is

to

make

no

counts

at

the

reference

load

and

to

specify

that

only

one

count

be

made

between

successive

crossings

of

a

secondary

lower

level

associated

with

each

level

above

the

reference

load,

or

a

secondary

higher

level

associated

with

each

level

below

the

reference

load.

Fig.2(b)

illustrates this second method. A variation of the second method is to use the same secondary level

for all counting levels above the reference load, and another for all levels below the reference load.

In this case the levels are generally not evenly spaced.

在这种方法中，< /p>

水平交叉计数通常用来消除小幅度变化，

这可能会引起大量的计数 。

它

可以在循环计数之前通过过滤小载荷振幅来完成。第二种方 法是在参考载荷水平没有计数，

并指定连续的横穿高于参考载荷的水平且与该水平相关的 二次较低水平只能计数一次，

或低

于于参考载荷的水平且与该水 平相关的二次较高水平。

图

2(b)

阐 释了第二方法。

第二种方法

的一个变体是使用相同的二级水平可 用于所有参考载荷以上的水平的计数，

和另一些所有低

于参考载 荷的水平计数。在这种情况下，载荷水平一般不会均匀地间隔开。

5.1.3 The most damaging cycle count for fatigue analysis is derived from the level-crossing

count by first constructing the largest possible cycle, followed by the second largest, etc.,until all

level

crossings

are

used.

Reversal

points

are

assumed

to

occur

halfway

between

levels.

This

process is illustrated by Fig. 2(c). Note that once this most damaging cycle count is obtained, the

cycles could be applied in any desired order, and this order could have a secondary effect on the

amount of damage. Other methods of deriving a cycle count from the level-crossings count could

be used.

疲劳分析中最具破坏性的循环计数首先来自构造最大循环水平穿越计数，其次是第二

< br>大，等等，直到所有的水平交叉被计数。假设逆转点发生在（相邻）水平间的半路。此过程

如图

2(c)

所示。注意，一旦得到这个最具破坏性的 循环计数，循环可以以任何所需要的顺序

来应用，

该顺序可能有 一个伤害量的二次效应。

也可使用其他方法从水平交叉计数得到另一

个循环计数。

5.2 Peak Counting:

波峰计数

5.2.1 Peak counting identifies the occurrence of a relative maximum or minimum load value.

Peaks above the reference load level are counted, and valleys below the reference load level are

counted, as shown in Fig. 3(a). Results for peaks and valleys are usually reported separately. A

variation of this method is to count all peaks and valleys without regard to the reference load.

峰值计数 标识产生的相对最大或最小载荷值。

计数包括高于参考载荷水平的峰值以及低