新人教版英语九年级第13单元知识点讲练

新人教版九年级英语第

13

< br>单元知识点讲练

Section A Page 97

1. litter

既可作名词，表

“

垃圾

”

，也可以作动词，表

“

乱扔杂物

”

。

题：

Can’t you see the sign over there ? It says “No _________ (litter)”.

2. Even the bottom of the river was full of rubbish.

甚至河床都装满了垃圾。

短语：

the bottom of the river

河床；

be full of = be filled with

充满，装满

题：

There a room ______ flowers. Shall we have a look ?

with

B. filled of

C. is full of

D. full of

3. litter, waste

和

rubbish

都可以指垃圾，

常可以互换，

但有时有差别，

如：

litter

常指生活中的垃圾；

waste

常

指工业农业中的废弃物；

rubbish

常指用过的垃圾

4. throw… into…

把

…

扔到

…

里；

put ….into…

把

…

放入< /p>

...

中

【拓展】

onto

和

into

表

“

移到< /p>

…

上面或里面

”

，强调动态，常和行为动词连用；而

on

和

in

表

“

在

…

上

面或里 面

”

，强调位置，是静态的，可以和

b e

动词连用。

题：

The cat saw me lying ______ the bed and he jumped _______ my bed.

5. We should write to the government and ask them to close down the factories.

短语：

write to

写（信）给某人或某地；

close down

关闭，

（使）停业

6. But it used to be so clean.

但过去是很干净的。

used to be

曾经是；

used to do sth.

过去常做某事

7. play a part in = play a role in

在

…

中发挥作用。

题：

Everyone should play a part in ______ (clean) it up.

【比较】

take part in

参加（活动，比赛）

Would you like to take part in the basketball game ?

8. pollution

名词，污染；

pollute

动词，污染

题：①

The river has been _________

（

pollute< /p>

）

.

②

There are many kinds of ________ (pollute) in the world.

9.

翻译：①

什么导致

< br>/

造成了那个问题？

________________ ______________________________?

②

那个问题应该如何被解决？

__________________________________________ _____?

Section A Page 98

1. be badly polluted

被严重地污染

The air is badly polluted.

2. throw away

乱扔

People are throwing away things every day.

题：

Recycling is good,

so don’t ________bottles or newspapers.

A. find out

B. hand in

C. use up

D. throw away

3. turn …into…

把

…

变成

….. This is turning beautiful places

______ ugly ones.

4. solve the problem

解决问题

（比较：

answer the question

回答问题）

题：①

Please _______ the question .

②

Who can _________ the problem?

5. cut down

减，砍到

cut

短语有：

cut up

切碎；

cut out

剪下，删掉；

cut off

剪掉，切掉

题：

Our country is taking action to ________ air pollution. (

用上面短语填空

)

6. instead of

和

instead

的区别：

⑴

instead of

代替

...,

是一个介词短语，后可接名词

/

代词

/

动名词

(v-ing)

。如：

You should play out instead of ___________

（

working

< br>）

indoors.

⑵

instead

代替

…

放句尾或句首。

I don’t like swimming, let’s go hiking instead.

7. the advantage of doing sth.

做某事的优点

There are other advantages of bike riding.

【拓展】

disadvantage

缺点

8.

熟记易混淆的四个

good

短语：

（

1

）

be good with

善于应付

…

，对

….

有办法

（

2

）

be good at

擅长

….

；

(3 ) be good for

对

…

有好处；

（

4

）

be good to sb.

对某人很好

题：①

If you __________ the old, you can work in the old people’s

home.

②

Swimming is good _____ your health. Are you good ______ it ?

③

Our teachers are good ______ us. They are like our parents.

9. go shopping

去钓鱼（类似的还有：

go fishing;

go swimming;

go skating

）

题：

We went shopping last week. = We _______ _______ ________ last week.

10. start

和

begin

都可以表

“

开始

”< /p>

，

常可互换，

后都可以接动词

形式或动词不定式。

但在下列情况下常

接不定式，不接动名词：

(1)

主语是无生命的事物，而不是人时。如：

The ice began/ started

(melt).

冰开始融化了。

(2)

当

began

和

start

用于进行时态时。如：

The plaster was beginning / starting

from the walls.

（

fall

）

(3)

当

begin

和

start

后接表示心理状态或精神活动的动词时。如：

Mary began/ started

what is in the bag. (guess)

11. takeaway food

外卖食物

（

fast food

快餐；

垃圾食品）

12. remember doing sth.

记得做过某事（做过）

；

remember to do sth.

记得要去做 某事（事还没做）

。类似用

法的动词有

forget

忘记、

regret

后悔。如：

题：①

I remember

you the truth, don’t you forget it. (tell)

②

Don’t forget

me when he comes back. (tell)

13. keep public places clean and beautiful

保持公共场所干净和美观。

keep

表

“

保持，保存，饲养

”

，过去式为

kept

，用法有：

(1) keep

表

“

保持

”

，后常接形 容词，表

“

保持

…

的状态

”

，如：

keep healthy

保持健康，

keep quiet

保持安静

(2) keep sth. +

形容词（使某物保持

…

的状态）

：

keep the classroom clean

翻译：我们必须留短发。

_____ ___________________________

(3) keep doing sth.

一直做某事（无中断）

He keeps ________ (talk)

keep on doing sth.

坚持继续做某事

（有中断）

He keeps on _________ (call) me.

(4) keep a dog

养一条狗。

13. Our actions can make a difference and lead to a better future.

(1) make a difference to

对

…

有影响

The rain ___________________ to the game. (

这场雨对比赛没有影响

)

(2) lead to (doing) sth.

导致（做）某事；

Smoking can lead to cancer.

Section A Page 99

1. hear of / about

听说

Many have heard of shark fin soup.

（比较

hear from

收到某人的来信）

2. in southern China = in the south of China

在中国南方

（

south

南方；

southern

南方的）

3. They cut off their fins and throw the sharks back into the ocean.

cut off

切掉；切断

Our phone has been cut off.

【

off

短 语】

take off

脱掉，起飞；

turn off

关上；

put off

推迟；

run off

跑掉；

get off

下车；

set off

出发

题：

Mrs. White, can I leave my homework for tomorrow ?

----

I’m afraid not. Don’t ______ what you can do today till tomorrow.

A. put off

B. get off

C. take off

D. run off

4. This is not only cruel, but also harmful to the environment.

be harmful to = be bad for

对

…

有害

题：

It ________ our environment if we pour waste water into the rivers.

A. is harmful to

B. is important to

C. is necessary to

5. Sharks are at the top of the food chain in the ocean’s ecosystem.

短语：

at the top of

在

…

的顶端

6. It will bring danger to all ocean life.

它将把危险带给所有的海洋生物。

take, bring, get

的用法：

(1) take sth. to sb./some place.

把某物拿到某人

/

某地（

take

拿走，从说话者处拿到远处）

(2) bring sth. to sb. /some place.

把某物带到某人

/

某地（

bring

带来，从远处带到说话者处）

(3) get sth. for sb.

为某人去取某物

练习题：

①

The teacher asked me to

his books

his office.

②

The teacher said “Don’t forget to

your homework

school.”

③

Will you _____ some water for me ? -----

Sorry, I am busy. But I’ll let ______ do it .

A. carry, he

B. bring, him

C. get, him

D. take, he

7. The numbers of some kinds of sharks have fallen by over 90 percent in the last 20 to 30 years.

(1) a number of

和

the number of

后都接可数名词的复数，区别有

;

①

a number of +

可数名词复数

：许多的