七大高频结构

排比结构尤其适用于论证说理和抒

发感情。例如：

例

1

Is

it

humane,

for

example,that

a

terminally

ill

patient

is

thus

caused

to

feel

guilty

for

remaining alive because he does not want to die?

Is it wise that a patient is killed

alive simply

because

of

a

mistaken

terminal

diagnosis?

And

is

it

possible

that

euthanasia

could

be

taken

advantage of for some ulterior or even criminal purposes?

例

2

Do we perceive ourselves as quick and curious? If so, then we tend to take more chances

and to be more open to unfamiliar we think

we’re shy and indecisive? Then our

sense of timidity can cause us to hesitate, to move slowly, and not take a step until we know the

ground is safe. Do we think

we’re slow to adapt to change or that we’re not smart enough to cope

with a new challenge? Then we are likely to take a more passive role or not try at all.

例

3

Let

us

visualize

if

China

turned

out

hundreds

of

Yuan

Longping,

the

father

of

Chinese

hybrid rice, would we worry about the invasion of foreign agricultural

products? If we were to

set up our own legions of Bill Gates and make Sino- something Softs available to the world, should

we fear a Windows monopoly? If we should we have a multitude of negotiators, should we falter

in

the

drawn-out

bargaining?

Again,

if

we

initiated

our

own

Bell

Labs

and

R&D

departments,

might we flinch from a high-tech embargo? Surely, the answer is in the negative.

例

4

Our factories hum to the rhythm of robot assembly arms. Our banking is done at automated

teller terminals that thank us with mechanical politeness for the transaction. Our subway trains are

controlled by tireless robo-drivers.

4

．

平行结构

平行结构是指一个句子中两 个或两个以上词性相同、结构相同且字数相等的部分。写作

中适当使用平行结构往往能使 句式表达整齐匀称，

朗朗上口。

写作中使用平行结构的例子比< /p>

比皆是：

例

1

It can increase our contentment when we are cheerful and happy, and lesson our pain when

we are sad or lonely.

例

2

Its scientists were the world’s best

, its workers the most skilled.

例

3

What

ordinary

people

see

as

fanciful

abstractions,

professional

innovators

see

as

solid

possibilities.

例

4

Replies

show

that

compared

with

other

Americans,

journalists

are

more

likely

to

live

in

upscale neighborhoods, have maids, own Mercedeses, and trade stocks

, and they’re less likely

to go to church, do volunteer work, or put down roots in a community.

例

5

Such, then, is the way things stand: on the left angry critics, on the right stupid supporters,

and in the middle, as usual, the majority of earnest people trying to get on in life.

例

6

Private

businessmen,

striving

to

make

profits,

produce

these

goods

and

services

in

competition

with

other

businessmen;

and

the

profit

motive,

operating

under

competitive

pressures, largely determines how these goods and services are produced.

例

7

The merits of competition by examination are somewhat questionable, but competition in

the certain knowledge of family is positively harmful.

例

8

Think of

Gallileo’s 17

th- century trial for his rebelling belief before the Catholic Church or

poet William Blake’s harsh remarks against the mechanistic worldview of Issac Newton.

例

9

If

you are talking to a group of managers, you may

refer to the disorganized methods of

their secretaries; alternatively if you are addressing secretaries, you may want to comment on

their disorganized bosses.

例

10

In this process, the journey never really ends, there are always new ways to experience the

world, new ideas to try, new challenges to accept.

例

11

We

live

in

a

society

in

which

the

medicinal

and

social

use

of

substances

(drugs)

is

pervasive: an aspirin to quiet a headache, some wine to be sociable, coffee to get going in

the morning, a cigarette for the nerve.

例

12

The workers who gets a promotion, the student whose grades improve, the foreigner who

learns

a

new

language---all

these

are

examples

of

people

who

have

measurable

results

to

show for their efforts.

例

13

Nothing could persuade me to return to the kind of life Kelsey used to advocate and I once

enjoyed: 12-hour working days, pressured deadlines, the fearful strain of office politics and

the li

mitation of being a parent on “quality time”

.

5

．

虚拟结构

虚拟结构是用表示与过去、现在或将来事实相反的一种假设。虚拟句的形式繁多，一搬

可 分为

(should)be

型和

wer e

型。

(should)be

型虚拟结 构一般用于表示命令、决定、建议等词

语之后的

that

分句或由

if,

though

等引导的分句中

；

were

型虚拟结构一般用于某些状语从< /p>

句或名词性从句中。例如：

例

1

If this approach were adopted, children would

be strong enough to withstand any “storm” in

their life.

例

2

It was inevitable that this primacy should have narrowed as other countries grew richer.

例

3

If its message were confined merely to information--- and that in itself would bedifficult if

not impossible to achieve, for even a detail such as the choice of the color of a shirt is subtly

persuasive---advertising would be so boring that no one would pay any attention.

例

4

Without forgetting, adaptive ability would suffer, for example, learned behavior that might

have been correct a decade ago may no longer be.

例

5

What has happened is that people cannot confess fully to their dreams, as easily and openly

as once they could, lest they be thought pushing, acquisitive and vulgar.

例

6

That

concept

implies

educational

opportunity

for

all

children---the

right

of

each

child

to

receive help in learning to the limits of his or her capacity, whether that capacity be small

or great.

例

7

If the preoccupation of schools with academic work was lessened, more time might be spent

teaching

children

surer

values.

Perhaps

selection

for

the

caring

professions,

especially

medicine could be made less by good grades in chemistry and more by such considerations

as sensitivity and sympathy.

例

8

And

so

it

does---and

all

would

be

well

were

reason

the

only

judge

in

the

creationism/evolution debate.

例

9

When their basic motivation is religious, one might have expected more Christian behavior.

例

10

As

personal

injury

claims

continue

as

before,

some

courts

are

beginning

to

side

with

defendants,

especially

in

cases

where

a

warning

label

probably

wouldn’t

have

changed

anything.

例

11

How many men would have considered the possibility of an apple falling up into the tree?

例

12

NBAC will ask

that Clinton’s 90

-day ban on federal funds for human cloning be extended

indefinitely, and possibly that it be made law.

6

．无人称结构

无人称结构是指形式主语

it

引导的各种结构，具有客观严 谨的表达特点。无人称结构一

般主要有三种形式：

It is+

过去分词

+that

结构，

It is +adj. +that

结构和

It is +n.+that

结构。

1

）

It is+

过去分词

+that

结构

这种无人称结构很多，在作文中随处可见。常见的有：

It is reported that…

据报道

……

It is hoped that...

人们

/

人们希望

……

It is mentioned that…

有人提到

……

It is learned that…

据了解

……

It is authoritatively learned that…