-
2018
届上海市各大名校高三英语题型分类汇编加强版：摘要写作
Summary Writing
On
e
【
2018
届上海市上海实验学校高
三英语
10
月考试题】
IV
. Summary Writing
Directions:
Read the
following passage. Summarize
the main
idea and the
main point(s) of
the
passage in no more than
60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
If you suffer from shyness,
you are not alone, for shyness is a universal
phenomenon. It is not
surprising that
social scientists are learning more about its
first environmental cause of
shyness
many be a child’s home and family life. Today’s
children are growing up in smaller and
smaller families, with fewer and fewer
relatives living nearby. Growing up in single-
parent homes
or
in
homes
in
which
both
parents
work
full
time,
children
may
not
have
the
socializing
experience of
frequent visits by neighbours and friends. Because
of their lack of social skills, they
may begin to feel socially inhibited,
or shy, when they start school.
A
second environmental cause of shyness in an
individual may be one’s culture. In a study
conducted
in
Japan,
57
percent
of
participants
rated
themselves
as
shy.
Researchers
Henderson
and
Zimbardo
say,
“One
explanation
is
that
in
Japan,
an
individual’s
performance
success
is
credited externally to parents,
grandparents, teachers, coaches, and others, while
failure is entirely
blamed on the
person.” Therefo
re, Japanese learn not
to take risks in public and rely instead on
group-shared decisions.
Technology may play a role as well. In
the United States, the number of young people who
report being shy has risen from 40
percent to 50 percent in recent years. Due to huge
advances in
technology,
watching
television,
playing
video
games,
and
surfing
the
Web
have
displaced
recreational
activities
that
involve
social
interaction
for
many
young
people.
Adults,
too,
are
becoming
more isolated as a result of technology. Face-to-
face interactions with bank tellers, gas
station attendants, and store clerks
are no longer necessary because people can use
machines to do
their banking, fill
their gas tanks, and order merchandise. In short,
they become shy.
It appears that most
people have experienced shyness at some time in
their lives. Therefore, if
you are shy,
you have lots of company.
Keys:
Shyness is common and it
has environmental causes, including home and
family life, culture
and technology.
Firstly, with smaller families and working
parents,children lack social interactions.
Besides,
blaming
individuals
for
failure
can
cause
people
in
some
culture
to
be
shy
in
public.
1
2018
届上海市各大名校高三英语题型分类汇编加强版：摘要写作
Summary
Writing
Finally,
with
the
development
of
technology,
people
have
fewer
opportunities
to
socialize
in
person.
Two
【
2018
届上海市格
致中学高三上学期期中试题】
IV
.
Summary Writing
Directions:
Read the following passage. Summarize
the main idea and the
main
point(s) of
the
passage in
no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far
as possible.
Getting rid
of dirt, in the opinion of most people, is a good
thing. However, there is nothing
fixed
about attitudes to dirt.
In
the
early
16th
century,
people
thought
that
dirt
on
the
skin
was
a
means
to
block
out
disease, as medical opinion had it that
washing off dirt with hot water could open up the
skin and
let ills in. A particular
danger was, thought to lie in public baths. By
1538, the French king had
closed the
bath houses in his kingdom. So did the king of
England in began a long time
when the
rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirt in a
friendly way. Henry IV, King of France,
was
famously
dirty.
Upon
learning
that
a
nobleman
had
taken
a
bath,
the
king
ordered
that,
to
avoid
the attack of disease, the nobleman should not go
out.
Though the belief in
the merit of dirt was long-lived, dirt has no
longer been regarded as a
nice neighbor
ever since the 18th century. Scientifically
speaking, cleaning away dirt is good to
health.
Clean
water
supply
and
hand
washing
are
practical
means
of
preventing
disease. Yet,
it
seems
that
standards
of
cleanliness
have
moved
beyond
science
since
World
War
II.
Advertisements repeatedly sell the
idea: clothes need to be whiter than white, cloths
ever softer,
surfaces to shine. Has the
hate for dirt, however, gone too far?
Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely
nowadays. Many first time parents nervously try to
warn
their
children
off
touching
dirt,
which
might
be
responsible
for
the
spread
of
disease.
On
the
contrary,
Mary
Ruebush,
an
American
immunologist,
encourages
children
to
play
in
the
dirt
to
build up a strong immune system. And
the latter position is gaining some ground.
Keys:
People have mixed opinions towards dirt
on our skin. For a long time in history, people of
some
European
countries
believed
that
dirt
protected
people
from
getting
ill.
However,
people
2
2018
届上海市各大名校高三英
语题型分类汇编加强版：摘要写作
Summary Writing
began to change their
attitudes to dirt about 200 years ago. People have
been told that washing dirt
off our
body can keep us healthy. However, some scientists
believe that exposure to some dirt may
help our immune system.
Three
【
2018
届上海市建平中学高三英语上学期
10
月试题】
IV
.
Summary Writing
Directions:
Read the following passage. Summarize
the main idea and the
main
point(s) of
the
passage in
no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far
as possible.
What I think of boxing as
a sport
Boxing is a popular sport that
many people seem to be fascinated by. Newspapers,
magazines
and sports programmes on TV
frequently cover boxing matches. Professional
boxers earn a lot of
money, and
successful boxers are treated as big heroes.
It seems to me that some people,
especially men, find it appealing because it is an
aggressive
sport. When they watch a
boxing match, they can identify with the winning
boxer, and this gives
them the feeling
of being a winner themselves. Sometimes fans are
rooting for a particular boxer,
moreover because the boxer comes form
their own country, and if
feel as if
they have lost a fight themselves. It is a fact
that many people have feelings of aggression
from
time
to
time,
but
they
cannot
show
their
aggression
in
their
everyday
lives.
Watching
a
boxing match gives them an outlet for
this aggression.
However,
there
is
a
negative
side
to
boxing.
It
can
be
a
very
dangerous
sport.
Although
boxers wear gloves
during the fights, and amateur boxers even have to
wear helmets, there have
frequently
been
accidents
in
both
professional
and
amateur
boxing,
sometimes
with
dramatic
consequences. Boxers have suffered from
head injuries, and occasionally, fighters have
even been
killed as a result of being
knocked out in the ring. For example, studies have
shown that there are
often long-term
effects of boxing, in the form of serious brain
damage, even if a boxer has never
been
knocked out.
To conclude, I am
personally not at all in favour of aggressive
sports like boxing. I think it
would be
better if less time was given to aggressive sports
on TV, and we celebrated more men
and
women from non-aggressive sports as our heroes and
heroines in our society. I believe that the
world is aggressive enough already! Of
course, people like competitive sports, and so do
I, but I
think that hitting other
people in an aggressive way is not something that
should be regarded as a
3 <
/p>
2018
届上海市各大名校高三英语题型分类汇编加强版：摘要写
作
Summary Writing
sport.
Keys:
The author is
opposed to boxing as a sport. Boxing is nowadays
very popular because people,
especially
men, release their feelings of aggression while
watching the boxing match. However,
boxing
can
have
a
devastating
impact
on
boxer’
health
and
even
lives.
Therefore,
the
author
appeals to the public to enjoy more
non-aggressive sports.
Four
【
2018
届上海市高三上学期六校联
考试题】
IV
. Summary
Writing
Directions:
Read the
following passage. Summarize
the main
idea and the
main point(s) of
the
passage in no more than
60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Tired of all the pushing in
supermarkets? Fed up with waiting in endless lines
to pay for what
you have bought? Angry
at wasting time in traffic jams only to find no
parking spaces when you
eventually
arrive at the store? If this is you, then online
shopping is the answer to your dreams of
trouble-free shopping.
Online
shopping
brings
its
own
challenges.
Here
are
a
few
things
to
bear
in
mind
when
browsing various websites. The claim
made by online sites is that shopping online is a
safe and
secure way to make purchases.
The evidence challenges this. In any case, you
only have to be the
victim of fraud
(
欺骗
) once to experience all
the problems that come with this form of stealing.
Use only sites that have a trusted
history and an excellent reputation.
Another problem is that the appearance
of items in reality is often quite different from
what
you
see
on
your
computer
screen.
This
might
not
be
a
problem
if
you
are
buying
washing
up
powder
but could be a major disappointment when that
beautiful blue dress you ordered turns up
in green. Also, product descriptions
are sometimes simply untrue! Perhaps the wisest
plan is to
purchase items whose design
and color are not essential to customer
satisfaction.
Some even argue that
online shopping indirectly contributes to global
warming. Yes, your car
can stay parked
but how are online goods delivered? Often by some
large van pouring out carbon
monoxide
and adding to our already desperate traffic
problems. You are also by now becoming
increasingly
irritated(
使烦恼
) by the fact
that the delivery is late !
4
2018
届上海市各大名校高三英
语题型分类汇编加强版：摘要写作
Summary Writing
Keys:
Online shopping can free
you of the trouble you meet when buying things in
store. However,
it has challenges.
Firstly, you should bear in mind that you must use
sites which deserve trusting.
Secondly,
you
shouldn
’
t
believe
all
the
descriptions
because
they
may
be
untrue.
Lastly,you
should know although the delivery may
be late, it may cause global warming.
Five
【
2018
< br>届上海市华东师大二附中高三英语
11
月考试题】
IV
. Summary Writing
Directions:
Read the
following passage. Summarize
the main
idea and the
main point(s)
of
the
passage in no more
than 60 words. Use your own words as far as
possible.
Learn from
mistakes
The best way to learn
something is to make mistakes Edison,who invented
the
light
bulb,told
his
colleagues:
the
200
light
bulbs
that
didn't
work,every
failure
told
me
something
I was able to incorporate into the next
attempt.
Franklin,the US statesman
and scientist once said:“I
haven't
failed.I have had
1
0,000 ideas that didn't
work.”
Both
these
people
understood
that
failures
and
false
starts
are
the
condition
of
fact,a
surprising
number
of
everyday
objects
had
their
beginnings
in
a
mistake
or
a
-it-notes,packets of crisps and even
bread are all unexpected
2600 BC,a
tired Egyptian slave invented bread when the dough
rose during his crisps
were first
cooked by a chief in the USA when a customer
complained that his fried potatoes were
not thin enough.
In
1958
Spencer
Silver
was
trying
to
develop
a
strong
adhesive
when
he
accidentally
invented a very
weak glue colleague,Art Fry,decided to use it six
years later,in 1974,to
hold his
bookmarks in his books and the post-it note was
invented.
Successful
business
people
have
often
made
big,expensive
mistakes
in
their
an
employee
of
IBM
made
a
mistake
that
cost
the
company
$$600,000,Thomos
Watson,the
chairman,was
asked
if
he
would
fire
the
man.
course
not,
replied.“I
have
just
spent
$$600,000 training him.I am not going to
let another
company benefit from
experience.”
The
important
thing
to
remember
is
that
you
need
to
learn
from
your
you
5
2018
届上海市各大名校高三英语题型分类汇编加强版：摘要写作
Summary
Writing
don't,then there is
no sense in making them.
Keys:
The best
way to learn something is to make mistakes first
.And failures and false starts are
the
condition
of
success.
In
fact,
lots
of
everyday
objects
had
their
beginnings
in
a
mistake .Besides,Successful business
people have often made big ,expensive mistakes in
their past.
All in all,The important
thing is that you need to learn from your
mistakes.
Six
【
2018
届上海市复旦附中高三英语综合测试题】
< br>
IV
. Summary Writing
Directions:
Read the
following passage. Summarize
the main
idea and the
main point(s) of
the
passage in no more than
60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Getting rid of dirt, in the
opinion of most people, is a good thing. However,
there is nothing
fixed about attitudes
to dirt.
In
the
early
16th
century,
people
thought
that
dirt
on
the
skin
was
a
means
to
block
out
disease, as medical opinion had it that
washing off dirt with hot water could open up the
skin and
let ills in. A particular
danger was thought to lie in public baths. By
1538, the French king had
closed the
bath houses in his kingdom. So did the king of
England in 1546. Thus began a long
time
when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with
dirt in a friendly way. Henry IV, King of
France, was famously dirty. Upon
learning that a nobleman had taken a bath, the
king ordered that,
to avoid the attack
of disease, the nobleman should not go out.
Though the belief in the merit of dirt
was long-lived
，
dirt has no
longer been regarded as a
nice
neighbor
ever
since
the
18
century.
Scientifically
speaking,
cleaning
away
dirt
is
good
to
health.
Clean
water
supply
and
hand
washing
are
practical
means
of
preventing
disease. Yet,
it
seems
that
standards
of
cleanliness
have
moved
beyond
science
since
World
War
II.
Advertisements repeatedly sell the
idea: clothes need to be whiter than white, cloths
ever softer,
surfaces to shine. Has the
hate for dirt, however, gone too far?
Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely
nowadays. Many first-time parents nervously try to
warn
their
children
off
touching
dirt,
which
might
be
responsible
for
the
spread
of
disease.
On
the
contrary, Mary Ruebush,
American immunologist
(
免疫学家）
，
encourages
children to play in the
6 <
/p>
2018
届上海市各大名校高三英语题型分类汇编加强版：摘要写
作
Summary Writing
dirt to build up a strong immune
system. And the latter position is gaining some
ground.
Keys:
People
have
mixed
opinions
towards
dirt
on
our
a
long
time
in
history
,
people
of
some
European
countries,
such
as
France,
believed
that
dirt
protected
people
from
getting
ill.
However, people began to change their
attitudes to dirt about 200 years ago. People have
been told
that washing dirt off our
body can keep us healthy
. However, some
scientists believe that exposure
to
some dirt may help our immune system.
Seven
【
2018
届上海市上海中学高三英语下学期三月考试题】
IV
. Summary Writing
Directions:
Read the
following passage. Summarize
the main
idea and the
main point(s) of
the
passage in no more than
60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Judging from recent
surveys, most experts in sleep behavior agree that
there is virtually an
epidemic
（流行病）
of
sleepiness in the nation
”
. I
can
’
t think of a single
study that hasn
’
t found
Americans getting less sleep than they
ought to,
”
says . Even
people who think they are
sleeping
enough would probably be better off with more
rest.
The beginning of our sleep-
deficit
（睡眠不足）
crisis can be
traced back to the invention of the
light
bulb
a
century
ago.
From
diary
entries
and
our
personal
accounts
from
the
18th
and
19th
centuries, sleep scientists have
reached the conclusion that the average person
used to sleep about
9.5 hours a night.
”
The best sleep habits once
were forced on us, when we had nothing to do in
the evening down on the farm, and it
was dark.
”
By the 1950s and
1960s, the sleep schedule had
been
reduced dramatically, to between 7.5 and 8 hours,
and most people had to wake to an alarm
clock.
“
People
cheat
in
their
sleep,
and
they
don
’
t
even
realize
they
’
re
doing
it,
”
says
,
”
They think
they
’
re okay because they
can get by on 6.5 hours, when they really need
7.5, 8 or even more
to feel
ideally vigorous. ”
Perhaps
the
most
merciless
robber
of
sleep,
researches
say,
is
the
complexity
of
the
day.
Whenever pressures from work, family,
friends and community increase,
many
people consider
sleep the least
expensive item on their programme.
”
In our society,
you
’
re considered dynamic if
you say you need only 5.5
hours
’
sleep. If
you
’
ve got to get 8.5 hours,
people think you lack drive
and
ambition.
“
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
上一篇：2020届二轮复习 语法填空训练4 作业
下一篇：凯文长难句