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专题
13
语法填空（议论文）
1.
(2019·
黑龙江哈尔滨三中高三第二次调研
)
Adversity (
逆境
)
can beat you down, __1__ probably it also has the
ability to make you stronger.
The impact
and ultimate
result depend on __2__ you do with the
difficulties that come in your way.
Beethoven composed one of his __3__
(great) works after going deaf.
Sir Walter Raleigh wrote
The
History
of
the
World
during his
thirteen-
year imprisonment.
Had Columbus turned back, no one could
__4__ (blame) him.
Of
course, no one would have remembered
__5__
，
either.
Abraham Lincoln made great
achievements by his
display of wisdom
during the Civil War.
Eventually,
consider
a
more
recent
example.
For
sixteen
years,
Mary
Groda-
Lewis
had
a
difficult
time
in
recognizing and comprehending the
written words on account of a learning disorder.
She __6__ (put) in prison
on
two different occasions and almost
died of a stroke when __7__ (bear) a child.
Committed to going to
college, she
did a variety of odd jobs
to save money.
When she
graduated from high school at eighteen, she was
considered as
an outstanding student
and finally entered college __8__ (success).
Determined to become a
doctor, she received
many
medical
school
__9__
(reject)
before
Albany
Medical
College
finally
accepted
her.
In
1984
，
Dr
Mary
Groda-
Lewis,
__10__ was thirty-
five years old then,
graduated with honors and realized her dream.
【答案】
1.
but/yet
2.
what
3.
greatest
4. have
blamed
5.
him
6. was
put
7.
bearing
8.
successfully
9.
rejections10. who
【解析】本文是一篇议论文。文章作者通过列举
许多名人的例子来说明，逆境可能会打到你，但是也
可能会让你变得更强，这取决于你如
何面对困难。
1. but/yet
考查连词。句意：逆境可能会打倒你，但是也可能会让你变得更强。前后句表示转折关系
，
所以填
but/yet
。
2. what
考查
宾语从句的连接词。
“__
2
__
you do with the difficulties that come in your
way”
作动词短语
depend on
的宾语，设空处引导该宾语从句且在从句中作
do
的宾语，表
示
“
所
……
的
事情
”
，所以填
what
。
3.
greatest
考查形容词的最高
级。句意：贝多芬在耳朵失聪以后，创作了他最伟大的作品之一。文中
表示
“
最伟大的
”
，应用最高级
，所以填
greatest
。
4.
have
blamed
考查虚拟语气。句意：
如果哥伦布中途返回，没有人会责备他。与过去事实相反的假
设，其句子结构为：从句：
If
＋主语＋
had
done
＋其他，主句：主语＋
should/wou
ld/could/might
＋
have
done
＋其他，所以填
have
blamed
。
5.
him
考查代词。句意：当然，也没有人会记得他。该空指代
上文的
“
哥伦布
”
，作动词宾语应用宾格，
所以填
him
。
6. was put
考查动词的时态和语态。发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时；
“Sh
e”
和
“put in prison”
两者之
间是被动关系，应用被动语态，所以填
was
put
。
7.
bearing
考查非谓语动词。
此处
bear
的逻辑主语是
she
，两者之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作
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时间状语，所以填
bearing<
/p>
。
8.
successfully
考查词性转换。该空修饰动词
entered
，应用副词，所以填
suc
cessfully
。
9.
rejections
考查词性转换。句意：
在奥尔巴尼医学院最终接受她之前，她被许多医学院拒绝。
该空作
received
的宾语，用名词，且被
many<
/p>
修饰，应用可数名词的复数形式，所以填
rejections<
/p>
。
10.
who
考查非限制性定语从句的引导词。
“__
10
__ was thirty?five
years old then”
是一个非限制性定语
从句，先
行词是
“Dr Mary Groda?Lewis”
，指人，
关系词在从句中作主语，所以填
who
。
2.
【广东省惠州市
2019-2
020
学年高三上学期第一次调研】
Today, Mount Qomolangma’s peak is not a
lonely place
any more. Over 3500 people
have___41___
(successful) climbed the
mountain over the past years. Meanwhile, climbers
have complained about___42___(wait)
for
hours in the bottlenecks.
In fact, the
dangerous___43___(crowd) aren't the only problem.
All those climbers need ___44___(bring) a lot
of gear (
装置
) and
much of them ends up being left on the mountains.
becoming the world's___45___ (tall) rubbish
dump.
But the good news
is___46___ some mountaineers are overtaking it to
clean up Qomolangma. Mountaineers
Paul
and Eberhard are part of Eco Everest Expedition
which has been cleaning up rubbish since far
they___47___(collect)over 13 tons of
garbage.
Some of that rubbish is even
being used for___48___ higher purpose. As part of
the Mount Everest 8844 Art
Project. a
group of 15 artists Nepal collected 1.5 tons of
garbage. They’ve
changed
the cans and oxygen tanks
into74 piece
of art that have are
exhibited___49___
Nepal’s capital. Part
of the profit from sales
_____50_____
(be)
available for the Everest Pakeers
Association which has helped ole rubbish of the
mountain.
【答案】
41.
successfully
42. waiting
43. crowds
44. to bring
45.
tallest
46. that
47. have
collected
48. a
49. in
50.
is
【解析】这是一篇议论文。有很多人成功登顶珠峰的同时，他们遗留的垃圾也造成
了环境问题。幸好有环
保登山者，他们致力于清理珠峰，并做出了巨大成绩。收集的垃圾
被制成艺术品陈列在尼泊尔首都，目的
是提醒人们环保登峰。
41.
考查副词。句意：在过去的几年里已经有超过
3500
人成功登顶珠穆朗玛峰。
climbed
为动词，应用副词
修饰。故填
succ
essfully
。
42.
考查动名词作宾语。句意：与此同时，登山者们抱怨在瓶颈路段等候时间很长。句中
about
是介词，其
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后接动名词形式作宾语。故填
wai
ting
。
43.
< br>考查主谓一致。句意：事实上，这些危险的人群不是唯一的问题。分析句子结构可知，提示词作为句子
主语，谓语动词是
are
，所以主语用复数
形式。故填
crowds
。
44.
考查固定短语。句意：所有的登山人员都需要带很多的装备，这些
装备中有很多最终都被留在了珠峰上，
成为世界上最高的垃圾场。根据固定搭配
need to do
sth
（需要做某事）可知，此处应该用不定式形式。故填
to
bring
。
45.
考查形容词最高级。句意：所有的登山人员都需要带很多的装备，这些装备中有很多最终都被留在了珠<
/p>
峰上，成为世界上最高的垃圾场。句中的
“rubbish du
mp”
是名词词组，所以用形容词修饰，再根据句意此处
为
“
世界最高的垃圾场
”
，故用形容词最高级。故填
tallest
。
46.
考查表语从句。句意：但好消息是一些登山
者现在正在从事清扫珠穆朗玛峰的工作。分析句子机构可知，
此处是表语从句，从句
some mountaineers are overtaking it to
clean up Qomolangma
的句子成分和句意都是完
整的，所以用连接词
that
。故填
that
。
47.
考查时态。句意：
到目前为止，
他们已经收集了超过<
/p>
13
吨垃圾。
句中
so far(
到目前为止
)
是现在
完成时的
标志词，主语是
they
，故
用
have done
。故填
have
collected
。
48.
考查冠词。句意：
那些垃圾中的一部分甚至有一个更高的使用目的。句
中
purpose
是可数名词，
根据句
意
此处不是特指，故用不定冠词。故填
a
。
49.
考查介词。句意：他们已
经把易拉罐和氧气瓶变成了
74
件艺术品，这些艺术品已在尼泊
尔的首都展出。
根据句意可知，此处应为
“
在尼泊尔的首都
”
，所以使用介词
in
。故填
in
。
50.
考查主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，
be
动词对应的主语是
profit
（利益，利润）
，它是不可数名词，根据
全文判断时态
为一般现在时。故填
is
。
and more middle school students are
going to all kinds of training classes or __1__
(have)
family
teachers at weekends.
There are two different
viewpoints __2__ it.
Some
think
__3__
necessary.
First of all,
it's __4__
(effective) to study with a
teacher than by
themselves.
Secondly, it can strengthen
__5__ they have learned in class.
Besides, they can learn a
lot more.
Others think it __6__
(necessary).
For
one thing, students can easily form the habit of
dependence.
For
__7__
，
students need time to relax from time
to time.
What's more, the
purpose of many training classes and
family teachers
__8__
(be) to make money.
In
my
opinion,
whether
a
training
class
or
family
teacher
__9__
(need)
just
depends.
Be
sure
to
choose a good and __10__
(suit)
class or teacher, or it
would be a waste of time and money.
【答案】
1. having
2. on
3. it
4. more effective
5. what
6. unnecessary
7. another
8. is
9.
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