-
细节题
“能根据不同的阅读目的运用简单的阅读策略获取信息”
1.
细节题题型分类
单一细节题（常出现于
A,B
篇）
—
细节题
多处细节题
（常出现于
C,D
篇）
Which
of the following is (NOT) true according to the
passage?
2.
细节题解题方法
第一步：找词
具体实词（名词，数字，人名）
第二步：定位
同义转述，反义转述，其他相关词
3.
细节题做题注意事项
(1)
数字题
(2)
题干中关键词在文中多次出现
(3)
题干与选项间句式主被动之间的转换
1
Which food
could be more popular among British adults, a
hamburger or fish and chips?
B
A.
A hamburger.
B. Fish and
chips.
C. Both.
D. Neither.
George advises Alice to
talk to __
B
___ for help.
2
A.
her mother
B.
her teacher
C. Bob’s
teacher
D. Bob’s
friends
When you
cough
or
sneeze
,
you
’
d better turn your head
away from others and cover your mouth with the
full
part of your hand. And then, you
should say,
“
Excuse
me.
”
51. When you
cough
or
sneeze
, you should
____
B
_____.
A.
touch
everything
B. cover your mouth
C. point out to the kids
D. pass the germs to others
If you come to a
door
and someone is following you, hold
the door. If the door opens by pulling, pull it
open,
stand to the side, and allow the
other person to pass.
52. If you come
to a
door
and someone is
following
you,
you
’
d better
____
A
____.
A.
hold the door
B.
pass through
C. close the door
D. stand to the
side
B
篇难度
-
天津
Our
government
is working hard
to save
pandas.
There are
more than 30 nature reserves to protect pandas
but these are not enough. The
government
has made a new
plan to help pandas.
The nature
reserves will be
bigger
and
the bamboo will grow better. Then the pandas will
have enough food and enough places to live in.
Pandas born in the zoos may go back to
live in the nature reserves.
Then the pandas will have enough food
and enough places to live in. Pandas born in the
zoos may go back to
live in the nature
reserves.
3.
The
government
is trying
___
C
___ to help the
pandas
.
A. to build more zoos
B. to send more scientists
C. to make bigger nature reserves
D. to ask the WWF to work
in China
Panda
出现多次，不成为定位点
C
、
D
篇难度
-
北京中考
①
Is the belief true? The
scientists in Asia
largely
dismiss the belief as a modern-day superstition
(
迷信
).
②
The blood-type
personality theory (
理论
)
started in
Japan in 1927
.
③
the idea that personality
is related to one
’
s ABO
blood type
④
Researchers
concluded
that
as
the
belief
in
the
stereotypes
increases,
people
may
be
changing
their
personality to
follow
the blood-type
theory.
59. Which of the
following is true according to the passage?
A
A. Most
scientists
in
Asia
don
’
t believe in the theory.
B. The blood-type theory began in
Japan
in the
1970s
.
C. The
blood-type personality theory is about blood type.
3
D.
People don
’
t
change
their personality to
match
the theory.
C
、
D
篇难度
①
The
little baby whale
—
actually
as big as our
boat
.
②
Slowly, they let us lead them,
sometimes rising from the water right beside us to
breathe
—
and to give us a
trusting
look with those
huge eyes
④
They
made great efforts to swim towards the deep
sea
but
failed
and started heading
in the wrong direction.
56. Which of the following
is true according to the passage?
A. The mother whale was as big as the
boat
.
B. The
mother whale
trusted
the
writer
’
s father
C. The mother whale asked
the
writer
’
s
family
for
help
.
D. The mother whale
led
her baby to the
sea
successfully.
Pilots from different countries
understand body signals if they have the correct
training. When you wave your
arms up and down in a straight line, it
me
ans “yes”. When you point downwards
and swing your arm from side
to side,
it means “no”. If you want the pilot to know that
it’s safe to land, push your hands out in front of
you
and
bend
（
弯曲）
your
knees. If you want to say that it’s
not
safe to land
, put your arms in the air
and move them
to one side.
54 Which picture means
“it’s not safe land”?
put your arms in the air
and move them to one side.
猜词题
“能根据上下文和构词法推断、理解生词的含义”
4
—
猜词题
1.
猜词题
就词猜词，必死无疑
一定要通过前后句，上下文。
2.
猜词题技巧
(1)
通过因果关系猜词
because, as, since, for, so, thus, as a
result, of course, therefore
You
shouldn't have blamed him for that, for it wasn't
his fault.
(2)
通过同义词和反义词的关系猜词
同义词
and, or
反义词
but, however,
while,
与
not
搭配的或表示
否定意义的词语
He is so
homely
，
not at all as
handsome as his brother.
5
(3)
通过定义或释义关系来推测词义
But sometimes, no rain falls for a
long, long time. Then there is a dry period, or
drought.
2013
年北京中考
It's a lot easier to hold your ground
with a stranger than with someone you love.
But the more important the relationship
is to you than the more important it is to be asse
rtive.
（坚定而自信
的）
54. The expression
“
hold your
ground
”
probably
means
“
_______
“
.
A. reach an
agreement.
B. insist on your point.
C.
keep your words.
D. keep on
fighting.
The following day
I ask her how the test wen
t and she
just says “OK, I got a nine”.
“Wow, well done!” I say, before she
finishes with “But I never get a ten!””
According to James, this
obsession
with getting top
marks has been a bad development, which encourages
people to think of education in terms
of work and money. To test this, I asked my
daughter why she was so
worried about
her tests. She looked at me as if I was thick.
“Well, if I don’t get good grades, I don’t get
into
university. Then I probably won’t
get a good job and I won’t be able to afford nice
things like a car and stuff.”
57. What does the word
“obsession”
in
Paragraph 3 mean?
A.
A plain and unavoidable fact.
B.
A satisfied
and very proud state.
C.
A potential and widely-used way.
D.
A fixed and
often unreasonable idea.
中考
C
篇
Reading something difficult
文章主旨内容
Start to
read normally until you run into a sentence that
doesn’t make
sense to you.
54. The underlined
phrase” run into”
means______
A.
work out
（算出）
B. comes
across
（遇到）
C.
look into
（调查）
D. pass
by
（路过）
中考
D
篇
Some young Koreans have taken to the
theory.
A
recent study showed 76 percent of Koreans aged
between 13 and 64 believing in the blood-type
personality
connection.
58. What does the underlined sentence
in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. It was lightly
believed.
B. It was brought to them.
6
C.
They liked and accepted it.
D.
They stole the idea from others.
中考
C
篇
Doctors and other scientists who study
the
human mind
and try to
explain why
people behave in the way
that they do,
called
psychologists
.
55. A psychologist is a person who may
help you with your__.
A. illness and
abilities.
（疾病和能力）
B. thoughts and behaviour.
C. mind and nervous
system
（头脑和神经系统）
D.
physical activity and daily
exercise
（体力活动和日常锻炼）
课标卷
Peanuts are very highly
nutritious
and
are high in
protein
（蛋白质）
.
What dose the underlined word
“
nutritious
”
mean?
A
A.
Good for
health
（有益于健康）
B.
Helpful to the
poor
（有助于穷人）
C.
Delicious and
tasty
（美味可口）
D.
Rich in fat
and oil
（富含油脂）
北京卷
The small-
world theory says that
everyone
in the world is
connected
through a
short
chain
（链条）
of people
they know.
Another name of this chain
is
degrees of separation
.
Each degree is a step that separates a person
from someone he or she does not know.
There are zero degrees of separation between a
person and the people
he or she knows
directly. This means that there are zero degrees
between Ben and his mom.
What is the meaning of
“
degrees of separation
” in
paragraph 2
？
A
A.
The
chain
to
connect people
.
B. The
relations between people.
C. The steps
of knowing strangers.
D. The separation
between strangers
主旨题
“能找出文章中的主题，理解故事的情节，预测故事情节的发展和可能的结局”
—
主旨题
1.
主旨题
首段
找核心词
尾段
看作者观点
各段的首句
2.
主旨题可以忽略的地方
7
显性例证
for example,
such as
隐形例证
数字
3.
主旨题思路
第一步：找文章的核心词
第二步：比较选项差异
去同较异
作者态度
逆向思维
主旨题
(1) Which is
the best title of the passage?
(2)
Which of the following is this passage about?
(3) In this passage the writer tries to
tell us that______.
(4) The passage
tells us that______.
(5) This passage
mainly talks about______.
难度指数
★
关键词不同时
2011 ~ 2012
年度西城区初三期末考试
（首段）
The secret in re-
remembering is to
…
（尾段）
This memory method
?
no matter what
you have forgotten, there is a chance to solve any
memory
mystery
（谜团）
.
What can be the best title
for the passage?
A.
Forgetting
--- You can never really
forget
B.
Drawing
--- The better way to remember things
C.
Re-remembering
--- Remember what you have forgotten
D.
Replacing
--- Forgetting
something instead of remembering
难度指数
★★
关键词相同时
---
1.
看作者态度、观点
2.
比全面
60. What can be the best title for the
passage?
A. Netspeak: A Widely-Used
Language on Internet
B. Is Netspeak :
Harming the English Language?
C. Is
Netspeak : Helpful in Language Learning?
D. Netspeak: Advantages and
Disadvantages
8
首段：
She was only about five feet tall and
probably never weighed more than 110 pounds, but
Miss Bessie
was a
towering presence
in
the
classroom.
She
was
the
only woman
tough
enough
to
make
me read
Beowulf
and
think for a few stupid days that I
liked it. From 1938 to 1942,
she taught
me
English, history
—
and
a lot more
than I realized.
尾段：
No child can get all the necessary
support at home, and millions of poor children get
no support at all. This is
what makes a
wise, educated, warm-hearted teacher
like Miss Bessie so
essential
to
the
minds, hearts and souls of this country's
children.
60.
Which of the following would be the best title of
the passage?
C
A.
Dreams Go with Education
B. An
Unforgettable Lesson
C.
Unforgettable Miss Bessie
D.
Reading Makes a Full Man
首段：
The book,
Bring Your Book To Life, by William John Mills,
points out that the secret to
meaning
in life
, and in
work,
depends on how you
relate
to
yourself, how you
relate
to
others and to your relationship with higher
values or purpose in life.
尾段：
That can make the difference between
just
living
and feeling
fully alive. You have to
work at
living,
not just at
working
. Mills’ book just
has excellent guides for such a
journey.
best
title for the passage is
___
C
____.
A. Love
What You Do and What You Have
B. Live a
Life with Higher Values or Purpose
C.
Find Meaning in Your Work and Your Life
D. Build Relationships Between Your
Work and Life
段首：
Stress
(
压力，紧张
)is caused
whenever there is a problem or a change in your
life.
When you feel
stress
, your
brain
sends a message to
your
body
to produce a
chemical called
adrenaline(
肾上腺素
)
What can you do about
stress
?
尾段：
The
link(
关系
)between
your
body
and
brain
works
in
two
ways.
Your
body
can
help
your
mind
deal
with
stress.
If you are under stress, you need to take
especially good care of your body. It’s important
to get enough
sleep and eat nutritious
meals. Some people take a vitamin-mineral pill
every day. Another thing that you can
9
do is daily
exercise. If you go walking or do aerobic dancing
or work out at the gym, you give your body a
chance
to burn up some of that
adrenaline. O
f course, a person who
isn’t used to much physical activity should start
slowly.
Anyone
with
a
continuing
physical
problem
should
check
with
a
doctor
before
starting
any
exercise
programs.
58. What is probably the
best title for this passage?
A
A. The Body-
Brain Link
B.
The Causes of Stress
C. The Advice on
Health
D. The Nervous System
首段：
Many
textbooks are not written in the kind of English
that we speak every day. In fact, sometimes the
reading
is so
difficult
that it almost seems
like a foreign language
. In
a way, it is the
language of
science
. You should not
expect to be able to read a difficult
science passage the same way you read an
interesting story; you should not
expect to read it easily and all at
once. Instead, you may have to read it several
times through, catching on the
meaning
of difficult words, going back over difficult
sentences, and finally putting the whole thing
together. Do
not be discourages if the
whole passage don’t make sense to you at first.
You need to pick it apar
t patiently
until
you can understand it.
段首：
These are the
steps
to follow when you
are reading something difficult:
56. The massage is mainly
about ____
A
_____.
A. steps of studying science
B. difficulties
in reading science
C. ways of reading
science passages
D. researches
on science and English
推断题
1.
推断题
答案来自于原文但不等同于原文。
答案必须忠于原文，不能主观臆断。
(1) We can infer from the text that
_____.
(2) From the story we can guess
______.
东晋诗人陶渊明曾经写过这样一句诗“采菊
东篱下，悠然见南山。
”
问：从这句诗中我们可以推断出什么？
A.
作者在东边的篱笆下采菊花。
B.
作者是斜眼。
C.
作者在山间怡然自得。
D.
作者被贬，厌倦官场生活，隐居山林所感。
世界上有两种人，一种是男人，一种是女人。说张三这个东西
，不是女人。那么我们可以推断：
A.
张三是男人。
B.
张三是女人。
10
C.
张三不是女人。
D.
张三是女人是不可能的。
A big change might be a good change,
but it will still be stressful.
3. From
the last sentence of Paragraph 5 we can infer that
________.
A. it
’
s
difficult to change a stressful situation
B. it
’
s not
stressful when a good change takes place
C. a big change will cause another
stressful situation
D. a stressful
situation can
’
t be changed
without any effort
总结
阅读理解题取材广泛，但仍然有规律可循。
< br>1.
平时要多阅读并善于总结，积累解题技巧。
2.
考试时要研读好文本，不放过文本中细节。
3.
做完题后要仔细检查，每篇材料应有完整情节。
长难句
定语从句
先行词
+
关系词
+
从句
< br>
Kind-hearted and open-
minded,
my aunt
was
the one
who played baseball with
me,
who took me horse-back
riding,
who
took me to the father-son dinners,
and who gave me lessons on how to
drive.
Kind-hearted and
open-minded,
my
father
is the
one
who plays
basketball with me,
and who
gives me lessons on how to study.
Today, thanks to modern transportation
and well-organized society, thousands of people
willingly and eagerly
leave the
surroundings
where they were
born, and the oftener they do so, the less
sentiment they are likely to
have for
those surroundings.
宾语从句
时态
+
陈述语序
宾语从句
11
They have
always complained that their parents are out of
touch with modern ways; that they do not trust
their children to deal with problems;
that they talk too much about certain problems,
and that they have to no
sense of
humor, at last in parent-child relationships.
We remember what it was and
then suddenly realize that it is no more.
The thing that amazed me
most was that the first time I read these works on
my own some of them seemed
dead, but
the second time, after his explanation, I
couldn’t
believe that I
hadn
’
t seen the humor.
状语从句
时间
/
条件
/
结果
A
great
many
people,
when
they
speak
of
home,
then
to
connect
it
with
a
certain
atmosphere,
certain
physical
surroundings, and certain emotional attitudes
within themselves.
Although
our
situation
was
very
bad,
it
’
s
difficult
to
feel
too
sorry
for
yourself
when
you
look
at
what
’
s
happening
elsewhere.
If you
can
’
t at least try to put
yourself in someone else
’
s
shoes, how can you understand their situation,
their
12
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