-召回率
2016
年
25
．
Bags of Love
Last
year
，
I was assigned to work
at an office near my
mother
’
s
house
，
so I stayed with her
for a
month
．
During that
time
，
I helped out with the
housework and contributed to the
groceries
．
After
less than a week
，
I started
noticing that the groceries were running out
pretty quickly
﹣
we
were always suddenly out of something
．
（
25
）
（
won
der
）
how my mum
could
consume them so
quickly
，
I began observing
her daily routine for two
weeks
．
To my
surprise
，
I
found
that she would pack a paper bag full of canned
goods and head out every morning at about
< br>nine
．
Eventually
，
I decided to follow her and
（
26
）
happened truly
amazed
me
．
She was
taking the food to the refugee
camp
，
in
（
27
）
she distributed
it to
children
．
I asked around and found out that my
mum was very well known in the
area
．
The kids were very
friendly with her and even looked up to
her as if she were their own
mother
．
Then it hit
me
﹣
shy
would she
mot want to tell me about what she
（
28
）
（
do
）<
/p>
？
Was she worried about
how I would react or that I would stop
（
29
）
（
buy
）
the groceries if I found
out
？
When she got
home
，
I told her about my dis
covery
．
（
30
）
she could react
，
I
gave
her a big hug and told her she
didn
’
t need to keep it a
secret
（
31
）
me
．
She told me
that some of the children lived with an
older lady in a shelter while others slept on the
streets
．
For
years
，
my mum has
been helping out by giving them whatever food she
could spare
．
I was so
impressed by
（
32
）
selfless she
was
．
33
．
（
8
分）
（
2016
?
上海）
< br>Stress
：
Good or
Bad
？
Stress used
to be an almost unknown
word
，
but now that we are
used to talking about it
，
I
have
found that people are beginning to
get stressed about being
stressed
．
In
recent years
，
stress
（
33
）
（
regard
）
as a cause of a whole
range of medical
problems
，
from
high blood pressure to mental
illness
．
But like so many
other things
，
it is only too
much stress
（
34
）
does you harm
．
It
is time you considered that if there were no
stress in your
life
，
you would achieve a
little
．
If you are stuck at
home with no stress
，
then
your
level of performance will be
low
．
Up to a certain
point
，
the more stress you
are under
，
the
（
35
）
（
good
）
your performance will
be
．
Beyond a certain point
，
though
，
f
urther stress will only lead
to
exhaustion
，
illness and
finally a breakdown
．
You can
tell when you are over the top and on the
downward slope
，
by
asking yourself
（
36
）
number of
questions
．
Do
you
，
for
instance
，
feel
that too much is being expected of
（
37
）
，
and yet find it
impossible
to say
no
？
Do you find yourself
getting impatient of
（
38
）
（
annoy
）
with people
over unimportant
things
？
…
If the
answer to all those questions is
yes
，
you had better
（
39
）
（
control
）
your
stress
，
as you probably are
under more stress than is good for
you
．
To some
extent you can control the amount of stress in
your life
．
Doctors have
worked out a chart
showing how much
stress is involved in various
events
．
Getting married is
50
，
pregnancy
40
，
moving house
20
，
Christmas 12
，<
/p>
etc
．
If the total
stress in your life is over
150
，
you are twice as
likely
（
40
）
（
get
）
ill
．
41
．
A
．
account
B
．
adjustable
C
．
appliances
D
．
capture
E
．
decorations
F
．
direct
G
．
experiment
H
．
intended
I
．
operated
J
．
soulless
K
．
squeeze
Golden Rules of Good Design
第
1
页（共
14
页）
What makes good
design
？
Over the
years
，
designers and artists
have been trying to
（
41
）
the essentials
of good design
．
They have
found that some sayings can help people understand
the
ideas of good
design
．
There are four as
follows
．
Less is
more
．
This saying is
associated with the
German
﹣
born architect Mies
van der Rohe
．
In his
Modernist
view
，
beauty lies in
simplicity and elegance
，
and
the aim of the designer is to create
solutions to problems through the most
efficient means
．
Design
should avoid unnecessary
（
42
）
More is not a
bore
．
The
American
﹣
born architect
Robert Venturi concluded that if simplicity is
done badly
，
the
result is
（
43
）
design
．
Post
﹣
Modernist designers
began to
（
44
）
with decoration
and color again
．
Product
design was heavily influenced by this view and can
be
seen in kitchen
（
45
）
such as ovens
and kettles
．
Fitness for
purpose
．
Successful product
design takes into consideration a
product
’
s function
，
purpose
，
shape
，
form
，
co
lor
，
and so
on
．
The most important result
for the user is that the product
does
what is
（
46
）
．
For
example
，
think of
a
（
n
）
（
47
）
desk
lamp
．
It needs to
be constructed from materials that will stand the
heat of the lamp and regular
adjustments by the
user
．
It also needs to be
stable
．
Most
importantly
，
it needs to
（
48
）
light where it is
needed
．
From
follows emotion
．
This phrase
is associated with the German designer Hartmut
Esslinger
．
He
believes design must take into
（
49
）
the sensory side of our nat
ure
﹣
sight
，
smell
，
touch and
taste
．
These are as important
as rational
（
理性的）
thinking
．
When
choosing everyday
products such as
toothpaste
，
we appreciate a
cool
﹣
looking device that
allows us to easily
（
50
）
the
toothpaste onto our brush
．
51
．
In
the 1960s
，
Douglas
McGregor
，
one of the key
thinkers in the art of
management
，
developed the mow
famous Theory X and Theory
Y
．
Theory X is the idea that
people instinctively
（
51
）
work and will
do anything to avoid
it
．
Theory Y is the view that
everyone
has the potential to find
satisfaction in work
．
In any
case
，
despite so much
evidence to the
（
52
）
，
many managers
still agree to
Theory
X
．
They believe
，
（
53
）
，
that their
employees need constant supervision if
they are to work
effectively
，
or that
decisions must be imposed from
（
54
）
without
consultation
．
This
，
of
course
，
makes for
authoritarian
（专制的）
managers
．
Different cultures have different ways
of
（
55
）
people
．
Unlike
authoritarian
management
，
some
cultures
，
particularly in
Asia
，
are well known for the
consultative nature of
decision
< br>﹣
making
﹣
all
members of the department or work group are asked
to
（
56
）
to this
process
．
This is management
by the collective
opinion
．
Many western
companies have tried
to imitate such
Asian ways of doing
things
，
which are based on
general
（
57
）
．
Some experts
say that women will become more effective managers
than
men because they have the power to
reach common goals in a way that traditional
（
58
）
managers
cannot
．
A recent
trend has been to encourage employees to use their
own initiative
，
to make
decisions on
their own without
（
59
）
managers
first
．
This empowerment
（授权）
has been
part
of the trend towards downsizing
：
（
60
）
the
number of management layers in
companies
．
After
de
﹣
layering in this
way
，
a company may be
（
61
）
with just a
top level of senior managers
，
front
﹣
line
managers and employees with direct contact with
the
public
．
Empowe
rment takes the idea of delegation
（委托）
much further
than has
（
62
）
第
2
页（共
14
页）
been the
case
．
Empowerment and
delegation mean new forms of management control to
（
63
）
that the
overall business plan is being
followed
，
and that operations
become more profitable under
the new
organization
，
rather than
less
．
Another
trend is off
﹣
site or
（
64
）
management
，
where
teams of people linked by
e
﹣
mail and the
Internet work on projects from their own
houses
．
Project managers
evaluate the
（
65
）
of the team
members in terms of what they produce for
projects
，
rather than
the amount of time they spend on
them
．
51
．
A
．
desire
B
．
seek
C
．
lose
D
．
dislike
52
．
A
．
< br>contrary
B
．
expectation
C
．
degree
D
．
extreme
53
．
A
．
< br>vice versa
B
．
for example
C
．
however
D
．
otherwise
54
．
A
．
outside
B
．
inside
C
．
below
D
．
above
55
．
A
．
replacing
B
．
assessing
C
．
managing
D
．
encouraging
56
．
A
．
refer
B
．
contribute
C
．
object
D
．
apply
57
．
A
．
agreement
B
．
practice
C
．
election
D
．
impression
58
．
A
．
bossy
B
．
experienced
C
．
western
D
．
male
59
．
A
．
asking
B
．
training
C
．
warning
D
．
firing
< br>60
．
A
．
doubling
B
．
maintaining
C
．
reducing
D
．
estimating
61
．
A
．
honoured
B
．
left
C
．
crowded
D
．
compared
62
．
A
．
economically
B
．
traditionally
C
．
inadequately
D
．
occasionally
63
．
A
．
den
y
B
．
admit
C
．
assume
D
．
ensure
< br>64
．
A
．
virtual
B
．
ineffective
C
．
day
﹣
to
﹣<
/p>
day
D
．
on
﹣
th
e
﹣
scene
65
．
A
．
opinion
B
．
risk
C
．
performance
D
．
att
ractiveness
．
66
．
One early
morning
，
I went into the
living room to find my mother reading a thick book
called
Best Loved Poems to Read Again
and Again
．
My interest was
aroused only by the fact that the
word<
/p>
“
Poems
”
appeared in big
，
hot pink
letters
．
“
Is it
good
？
”
I asked
her
．
“
Yeah
，
”
she answere
d
．
“
There
’
s one I really like and
you
’
ll like it
，
too
．
”
I
leaned forward
．
“‘
Patty
Poem
，
’”
she read
the title
．
Who is
Patty
？
I
wondered
．
The poem
began
：
She never puts her toys
away
，
①
①
Just leaves
them scattered
where they lay
，
…
散乱的
The poem was just three short
sections
．
The final one came
quickly
：
②
②
When she grows
and gathers
poise
，
稳重
< br>③
③
I
’
ll miss her
harum
﹣
scarum
noise
，
莽撞的
④
④
And look in
vain
for scattered
toys
．
徒劳地
And I
’
ll be
sad
．
A terrible
sorrow washed over
me
．
Whoever Patty
was
，
she was a mean girl
．
Then
，
the
shock
．
“
It
’
s
you
，
honey
，
”
My mother said
sadly
．
To my
mother
，
the poem revealed a
parent
’
s affection when her
child grows up and leaves
．
To
me
，
the
“
she
”
in the poem
was horror
．
It was my mama
who would be sad
．
It was so
terrible I burst
out
crying
．
第
< br>3
页（共
14
页）
“
Wha
t
’
s
wrong
？
”
my mother
asked
．
“
Oh
Mama
，
”
I
cried
．
“
I
don
’
t want to grow up
ever!
”
She
smiled
．
“
Honey
，
it
’
s okay
．
You
’
r
e not growing up anytime
soon
．
And when you do
< br>，
I
’
ll still
love you
，
okay
？
”
“
Oka
y
，
”
I was still
weeping
．
My panic has
gone
．
But I could not help
thinking about that silly
poem
．
After what
seemed like a safe amount of
time
，
I read the poem again
and was confused
．
It
all fit so well
together
，
like a
puzzle
．
The language was
simple
，
so simple I could
plainly
understand its
meaning
，
yet it was still
beautiful
．
I was now
fascinated by the idea of
poetry
，
words
that
had the power to make or break a
person
’
s
world
．
I
have since fallen in love with other poems
< br>，
but
“
Patty
Poem
”
remains my
poem
．
After
all
，
“
Patty
Poem
”
gave me my love for
poetry not because it was the poem that lifted my
spirits
，
but
because it was the one that hurt me the
most
．
66
．
Why was the
writer attracted by the book Best Loved Poems to
Read Again and Again
？
A
．
It was a thick
enough book
．
B
．
Something on
its cover caught her eye
．
C
．
Her mother was
reading it with interest
．
D
．
It has a
meaningful title
．
67
．
After her
mother read the poem to
her
，
the writer
felt
at first
．
A
．
sad
B
．
excited
C
．
horrified
D
．
confused
68
．
The
writer
’
s mother liked to
read
“
Patty
Poem
”
probably
because
．
A
．
it reflected
her own childhood
B
．
it was written
in simple language
C
．
it was composed
by a famous poet
D
．
it gave her a
hint of what would happen
69
．
It can be
concluded from the passage
that
“
Patty
Poem
”
leads the writer
to
．
A
．
discover the
power of poetry
B
．
recognize her
love for puzzles
C
．
find her
eagerness to grow up
D
．
experience
great homesickness
．
70
．
Is
there link between humans and climate change or
not
？
This question was first
studied in
the early
1900s
．
Since
then
，
many scientists have
thought that our actions do make a
difference
．
In
1997
，
the Kyoto
Protocol explained our role in the
Earth
’
s changing atmosphere
and set
international limits for gas
emissions
（
排放）
from 2008 to
2012
．
Some countries have
decided to
continue these reductions
until 2020
．
More
recently
，
the Paris
Agreement
，
stuck by nearly
200
countries
，
also
aims to limit global
warming
．
But just now how
much warmer it will get depends
on how
deeply countries cut carbon
emissions
．
第
4
页（共
14
页）
70
．
It can be
concluded from paragraph 1that
．
A
．
the problem of
global warming will have been quite solved by 2020
B
．
gas emissions
have been effectively reduced in developed
countries
C
．
the
Paris Agreements is more influential than the
Kyoto Protocol
D
．
humans have
made continuous efforts to slow down global
warming
71
．
If
nations could only keep the initial promises of
the Paris Agreement
，
what
would happen by
the year
2100
？
A
．
The human
population would increase by one
third
．
B
．
Little over 50%
of all species would still
exist
．
C
．
Nations would
not need to tighten their emissions
targets
．
D
．
The
Agreement
’
s minimum goal
would not be reached
．
72
．
If those
island nations not far above sea level are to
survive
，
the maximum
temperature rise
，
since the
start of the industrial
age
，
should be
．
A.0.8
℃
B.1.5
℃
C.2
℃
D.3.5
℃
73
．
<
/p>
Enough
“
meaningless
drivel
”
．
That
’
s the message from a group of
members of the UK
government who have
been examining how social media firms like
LinkedIn gather and use social
media
data
．
第
5
页（共
14
页）
< br>
The House
of Commons Science and Technology
Committee
’
s
report
，
released last
week
，
has
blamed
firms for making people sign up to long
incomprehensible legal contracts and calls for an
international standard or kitemark
（认证标记）
to
identify sites that have clear terms and
conditions
．
“
The term and conditions
statement that we all carelessly agree to is
meaningless drivel to
anyone
，
”
says Andrew
Miller
，
the chair of the comm
ittee
．
Instead
，
he says
，
firms should
provide
a
plain
﹣
English version of
their terms
．
The simplified
version would be checked by a third party
and awarded a kitemark if it is an
accurate reflection of the
original
．
It is
not yet clear who would administer the
scheme
，
but the UK government
is looking at
introducing it on a
voluntary
basis
．
“
we need to
think through how we make that work in
practice
，
”
says
Miller
．
Would we
pay any more attention to a
kitemark
？
“
I think
if you went and did the
survey
，
people
would like to think they
would
，
”
says Nigel
Shadbolt at the University of Southampton
，
UK
，
who
studies open
data
．
“
We do know
people worry a lot about the inappropriate use of
their
information
．
”
But what would happen in practice is
another matter
，
he
says
．
Other
organisations such as banks ask customers to sign
long contracts they may not read or
understand
，
but
Miller believes social media requires special
attention because it is so
new
．
“
We
still don
’
t know
how significant the
long
﹣
term impact is going to
be of unwise things that kids
put on
social media that come back and bite them in 20yea
rs
’
time
，
”
he says
．
Shadbolt
，
who gave
evidence to the
committee
，
says the problem
is that we don
’
t know how
companies will use our data because
their business models and uses of data are still
evolving
．
Large
collections of personal information have become
valuable only recently
，
he
says
．
The shock
and anger when a social media firm does something
with data that people don
’
t
expect
，
even if users have
apparently permission
，
show
that the current situation
isn
’
t
working
．
If properly
administered
，
a
kitemark on terms and conditions could help people
know what exactly they are
signing up
to
．
Although they would still
have to actually read them
．
73
．
What does the
phrase
“
meaningless
drivel
”
in paragraphs 1and 3
refer to
？
A
．
Legal contracts
that social media firms make people sign up
to
．
B
．
Warnings from
the UK government against unsafe
websites
．
C
．
Guidelines on
how to use social media websites
properly
．
D
．
Insignificant
data collected by social media
firms
．
74
．
It can be
inferred from the passage that Nigel Shadbolt
doubts whether
．
A
．
social media
firms would conduct a survey on the kitemark
scheme
B
．
people
would pay as much attention to a kitemark as they
think
C
．
a
kitemark scheme would be workable on a nationwide
scale
D
．
the
kitemark would help companies develop their
business models
75
．
Andrew Miller
thinks social media needs more attention than
banks mainly
because
．
A
．
their users
consist largely of kids under 20years old
B
．
the language in
their contracts is usually harder to understand
C
．
the information
they collected could become more valuable in
future
D
．
it
remains unknown how users
’
data will be taken advantage of
76
．
The writer
advises users of social media to
．
第
6
页（共
14
页）
A
．
think carefully
before posting anything onto such websites
B
．
read the terms
and conditions even if there is a kitemark
C
．
take no further
action if they can find a kitemark
D
．
avoid providing
too much personal information
77
．
Which of the
following is the best title of the
passage
？
A
．
Say
no to social media
？
B
．
New security
rules in operation
？
C
．
Accept without
reading
？
D
．
Administration
matters!
Section C Directions: Read the passage
carefully. Then answer the questions or complete
the
statements in the fewest possible
words.
78
．
（
8
分）
（
< br>2016
?
上海）
Walkin
g will be banned on escalators as part of a trail
designed to reduce
congestion
（拥堵）
at some of the
country
’
s busiest
stations
．
In the first
move of its kind
，
all
travelers will be forced to stand on both sides of
escalators on
the London Underground as
part of a plan to increase
capacity
（容量）
at
the height of the rush
hour
．
A
six
﹣
month trial will be
introduced at Holborn station from mid
﹣
April
，
eliminating
the rule
of standing on the right and
walking on the left
．
The
move
，
imitating a similar
structure in Far
Eastern cities such as
Hong Kong
，
is designed to
increase the number of people using long
escalators at the busiest
times
．
it could be expanded
across the Tube network in coming
years
．
According to
London Underground
，
only
40percent of travelers walk the full length of
long
escalators
，
l
eaving the majority at the bottom as they wait to
get on to the
“
standing
“
side
．
A three
﹣
week
trial at Holborn last year found that the number
of people using escalators at any
one
time of could be raised by almost a
third
．
Peter
McNaught
，
operations director
at London
Underground
，
said
：
“
It may
not seem right that you can go quicker by standing
still
，
but our
experiments at Holborn have proved that
it can be true
．
This new
six
﹣
month trial will help us
find out if we can influence customers
to stand on both sides in the long
term
．
”
Holborn has one of the longest sets of
escalators on the Underground network at
23.4high
．
Tube
bosses claim that capacity was limited because so
few people wanted to walk
up
﹣
meaning only one side was
used at all times
．
Research
has shown that it is more effective use of
escalators over 18.5to ban
walking
．
The previous
trial found that escalators at the station
normally carried 2
，
500people
between
8
：
30am
and 9
：
30am on a typical
day
，
rising to
3
，
250during the researching
period
．
In the new
trial
，
which will be launched
from April 18
，
one of three
“
up
”
esca
lators will be
standing
only
，
with a second banning
walking at peak times
．
A
third will remain a mix of walking
and
standing
．
（
Note
：
Answer
ing the questions the questions or complete the
statements in NO MORE THAN
TEN
WORDS
．
）
78
．
What is the
existing problem with standing on the right and
walking on the left
？
79
．
What did last
year
’
s
three
﹣
week trial at Holborn
station prove
？
80
．
The research
suggests that walking should be forbidden on
escalators that are at least
in
height
．
第
< br>7
页（共
14
页）
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