服装中英文翻译

Change Of Chinese Clothing

Traditional Clothing

An outstanding characteristic of traditional Chinese clothing is not only an

external

expression

of

elegance,

but

also

an

internal

symbolism.

Each

and

every

piece

of

traditional

clothing

communicates

a

vitality

of

its

own.

This

combination of external form with internal symbolism is clearly exemplified in

the

pair

of

fighting

pheasant

feathers

used

in

head

wear

originating

in

the

battle wear of the Warring States period (475-221 B.C.). Two feathers of a ho

bird

(a

type

pheasant

good

at

fighting)

were

inserted

into

the

head

wear

of

warriors of this period to symbolize a bold and warlike spirit.

Archaeological findings of 18,000 year-old artifacts such as bone sewing

needles

and

stone

beads

and

shells

with

holes

bored

in

them

attest

to

the

existence

of

ornamentation

and

of

sewing

extremely

early

in

Chinese

civilization. Variety and consistency in clothing were roughly established by the

era

of

the

Yellow

Emperor

and

the

Emperors

Yao

and

Shun

(about

4,500

years

ago).

Remains

of

woven

silk

and

hemp

articles

and

ancient

ceramic

figures further demonstrate the sophistication and refinement of clothing in the

Shang Dynasty (16th to 11th century B.C.).

The three main types of traditional Chinese clothing are the pien-fu, the

ch'ang-p'ao, and the shen-i. The pien-fu is an ancient two-piece ceremonial

costume of a tunic-like top extending to the knees and a skirt or trousers

extending to the ankles. The ch'ang-p'ao is a one-piece garment extending

from the shoulders all the way to the heels. The shen-i is a cross between the

pien-fu and the ch'ang-p'ao; it consists of a tunic and a skirt or trousers like the

pien-fu, but the tunic and the skirt are sewed together and essentially one

piece like the chang-pao. Consequently, the shen-i was the most widely worn

of the three types. Typical of these three types of clothing were wide and

voluminous sleeves and a very loose fit. Tunic and trousers or tunic and skirt,

utilized a very minimum number of stitches for the amount of cloth used. So

because of their relatively plain design and structure, embroidered edgings,

decorated bands, draped cloth or silks, patterns on the shoulders, and sashes

were often added as ornamentation. These varied designs came to be one of

the unique features of traditional Chinese dress.

Darker colors were favored over lighter ones in traditional Chinese

clothing, so the main color of ceremonial clothing tended to be dark while

bright, elaborate tapestry designs accented. Lighter colored clothing was worn

more frequently by the common people for everyday and around the house

use. The Chinese associate certain colors with specific seasons: green

represents spring, red symbolizes summer, white represents autumn, and

black symbolizes winter. The Chinese are said to have a fully developed

system of matching, coordinating, and contrasting colors and shades of light

and dark in apparel.

Contemporary Clothing

Today, Fashion designers use a mixture of traditional and modern ideas to

create new fashions. These new fashions also incorporate age-old motifs such

as guardian deities, lions, and masks of Chinese opera characters. Chinese

bronze is another source of printed, woven, embroidered, and applied design

for clothes. Some of the distinctive designs include dragons, phoenixes, clouds,

and lightning. Motifs from traditional Chinese painting also end up in woven or

printed fashion designs.

In modern society, men are seen at social occasions wearing the dignified

and refined traditional Chinese long gown, and women often wear the ch'i-p'ao,

a modified form of a traditional Ching Dynasty fashion, on formal occasions.

The variations of height, length, width, and ornamentation of the collar, sleeves,

skirt, and basic cut of this Oriental fashion are limitless.

Many accessories such as macramé

are used to decorate shoulders,

bodices, pockets, seams, and openings of clothing, as well as belts, hair

ornaments, and necklaces. Some successful examples of combinations of

modern and traditional fashion elements are the modern bridal tiara, based on

a Sung Dynasty design and the Hunan Province style of embroidered sash

made in the traditional colors of pure red, blue, and green. From these

examples, it can be seen how traditional Chinese dress is the foundation of

modern fashion. However, the Chinese have also adopted many Western

styles of clothing such as business suits and jeans.

译文：

中国服装的变迁

传统的服装

中国传统服饰的突出特点 是不仅优雅的外在表现，

也是一个内部的象征。

每

一件传统小菜衣服传达了自己的生命力。

与内部象征外在形式的结合显然是体 现

在对战斗在头用在战国时期（公元前

475-221

）的战斗服穿始发野鸡羽毛。两个