2019年6月英语四级考试真题试卷附答案(第2套)

2019

年

6

月英语四 级考试真题试卷附答案

(

第

2

套

)

Part I Writing (30

minutes

)

Directions:

For this part, you are allowed 30

minutes

to write a news report to your campusnews

paper on a visit to a Hope Elementary School

organized

by your Student Union. You should write

at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)

Section A

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word

for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage

through carefully before

making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.

Please mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You

may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

Just because they can't sing opera or ride a bicycle doesn't mean that animals don't have culture.

There's no better example of this than killer whales. As one of the most __26__ predators

（食肉

动物）

, killer whales may not fit the __27__ of a cultured creature. However, these beasts of the

sea

do

display

a

vast

range

of

highly

__28__

behaviors

that

appear

to

be

driving

their

genetic

development.

The word

words,

it

refers

to

anything

that

is

__30__

or

learnt,

rather

than

instinctive

or

natural.

Among

human populations, culture not only affects the way we live, but also writes itself into our genes,

affecting

who

we

are.

For

instance,

having

spent

many

generations

hunting

the

fat

marine

mammals

of

the

Arctic,

the

Eskimos

of

Greenland

have

developed

certain

genetic

__31__

that

help

them

digest

and

utilize

this

fat-

rich

diet,

thereby

allowing

them

to

__32__

in

their

cold

climate.

Like

humans,

killer

whales

have

colonized

a

range

of

different

__33__

across

the

globe,

occupying every ocean basin on the planet with an empire that __34__ from pole to pole. As such,

different

populations

of

killer

whales

have

had

to

learn

different

hunting

techniques

in

order

to

gain the upper hand over their local prey

（猎物）

. This, in turn, has a major effect on their diet,

leading scientists to __35__ that the ability to learn population-specific hunting methods could be

driving the animals, genetic development.

A) acquired

B) adaptations

C) brutal

D) deliberately

E) expressed

F) extends

G) habitats

H) humble

I) image

J) literally

K) refined

L) revolves

M) speculate

N) structure

O) thrive

Section B

Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each

statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs Identify the paragraph from which

the

information

is

derived.

You

may

choose

a

paragraph

more

than

once.

Each

paragraph

is

marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet

2.

Living with parents edges out other living arrangements for 18- to 34-year-olds

A)Broad demographic (

人口的）

shifts in marital status, educational attainment and employment

have transformed the way young adults in the U. S. are living, and a new Pew Research Center

analysis highlights the implications of these changes for the most basic element of their lives

--

where they call home. In 2014, for the first time in more than 130 years, adults ages 18 to 34 were

slightly more likely to be living in their parents' home than they were to be living with a spouse or

partner in their own household.

B)This turn of events is fueled primarily by the dramatic drop in the share of young Americans

who

are

choosing

to

settle

down

romantically

before

age

35.

Dating

back

to

1880,

the

most

common living arrangement among young adults has been living with a romantic partner, whether

a spouse or a significant other. This type of arrangement peaked around I960, when 62% of the

nation's 18- to 34-year-olds were living with a spouse or partner in their own household, and only

one-in-five were living with their parents.

C)By 2014, 31.6% of young adults were living with a spouse or partner in their own household,

below the share living in the home of their parent(s) (32.1%). Some 14% of young adults lived

alone, were a single parent or lived with one or more roommates. The remaining 22% lived in the

home of another family member (such as a grandparent, in- law or sibling), a non-relative, or in

group quarters like college dormitories.

D)It's worth noting that the

overall share of

young adults living with

their parents was not at a

record high in 2014. This arrangement peaked around 1940, when about 35% of the nation's 18- to

34-year-

olds

lived

with

mom

and/or

dad

(compared

with

32%

in

2014).

What

has

changed,

instead, is the relative share adopting different ways of living in early adulthood, with the decline

of

romantic

coupling

pushing

living

at

home

to

the

top

of

a

much

less

uniform

list

of

living

arrangements.

E)Among young adults, living arrangements differ significantly by gender. For men aged 18 to 34,

living

at

home

with

mom

and/or

dad

has

been

the

dominant

living

arrangement

since

2009.

In

2014, 28% of young men were living with a spouse or partner in their own home, while 35% were

living in the home of their parent (s). Young women, however, are still more likely to be living

with a spouse or romantic partner (35%) than they are to be living with their parent(s) (29%).

F)In

2014,

more

young

women

(16%)

than

young

men

(13%)

were

heading

up

a

household

without a spouse or partner. This is mainly because women are more likely than men to be single

parents

living

with

their

children.

For

their

part,

young

men

(25%)

are

more

likely

than

young

women (19%) to be living in the home of another family member, a non-relative or in some type

of group quarters.

G)A variety of factors contribute to the long-run increase in the share of young adults living with

their I parents. The first is the postponement of, if not retreat from, marriage. The average age of

first marriage has risen steadily for decades. In addition, a growing share of young adults may be

avoiding marriage altogether. A previous Pew Research Center analysis projected that as many as

one- in-four of today's young adults may never marry. While cohabitation (

同居）

has been on the

rise,

the

overall

!

share

of

young

adults

either

married

or

living

with

an

unmarried

partner

has

substantially fallen since 1990.

H)In addition, trends in both employment status and wages have likely contributed to the growing

share of young adults who are living in the home of their parent(s), and this is especially true of

young men. Employed young men are much less likely to live at home than young men without a

job, and employment among young men has fallen significantly in recent decades. The share of

young men with jobs peaked around 1960 at 84%. In 2014, only 71% of 18- to 34-year-old men

were employed. Similarly with earnings, young men's wages (after adjusting for inflation) have

been on a downward trajectory (

轨迹）

since 1970 and fell significantly from 2000 to 2010. As

wages have fallen, the share of young men living in the home of their parent(s) has risen.

I).Economic factors seem to explain less of why young adult women are increasingly likely to live

at home. Generally, young women have had growing success in the paid labor market since 1960

and

hence

might

increasingly

be

expected

to

be

able

to

afford

to

live

independently

of

their

parents.

For

women,

delayed

marriage-which

is

related,

in

part,

to

labor

market

outcomes

for

men-may explain more of the increase in their living in the family home.

J) The Great Recession (and modest recovery) has also been associated with an increase in young

adults

living

at

home.

Initially

in

the

wake

of

the

recession,

college

enrollments

expanded,

boosting the ranks of young adults living at home. And given the weak job opportunities facing

young adults, living at home was part of the private safety net helping young adults to weather the

economic storm.

K) Beyond gender, young adults, living arrangements differ considerably by education

—

which is

tied to financial means. For young adults without a bachelor's degree, as of 2008 living at home

with their parents was more prevalent than living with a romantic partner. By 2014, 36% of 18- to

34-year-olds who had not completed a bachelor's degree were living with their parent(s) while 27%

were

living

with

a

spouse

or

partner.

Among

college

graduates,

in

2014

46%

were

married

or

living with a partner, and only 19% were living with their parents(s). Young adults with a college

degree have fared much better in the labor market than their less- educated counterparts, which has

in turn made it easier to establish their own households.

oyed young men are more likely to live with their parents than the employed.

2014, the percentage of men aged 18 to 34 living with their parents was greater than that of

their female counterparts.

percentage of young people who are married or live with a partner has greatly decreased in

the past three decades or so.

the

mid-20th

century,

only

20

percent

of

18-

to

34-year-olds

lived

in

their

parents'

home.

adults with a college degree found it easier to live independently of their parents.

men are less likely to end up as single parents than young women.

young adult women live with their parents than before due to delayed marriage.

percentage of young men who live with their parents has grown due to their decreased pay

in recent decades.

rise in the number of college students made more young adults live with their parents.

reason for young adults to live with their parents is that they get married late or stay single

all their lives.

Section C

Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the

first time

，

you should listen carefully for its general the passage is read for the second

time

，

you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally

，

when

the passage is read for the third time

，

you should check what you have written.

Passage One

Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.

According to the majority of Americans, women are every bit as capable of being good political

leaders as men. The same can be said of their ability to dominate the corporate boardroom. And

according to a new Pew Research Center survey on women and leadership, most Americans find

women indistinguishable from men on key leadership traits such as intelligence and capacity for

innovation,

with

many

saying

they're

stronger

than

men

in

terms

of

being

passionate

and

organized leaders.

So

why,

then,

are

women

in

short

supply

at

the

top

of

government

and

business

in

the

United

States? According to the public, at least, it's not that they lack toughness, management talent or

proper skill sets.