-telent
虚
拟
语
气
I.
含有条件状语从句的复合句
(
以
do
为例
;S=
主语
)
时
间
与将来事实相反的假设
条件状语从句
did
…
If+S
should do
were to do
与现在事实相反的假设
If
+S+did
…
（
< br>一
般
过
去
时）
与过去事实相反的假设
done
…
（
过
去
完
成<
/p>
时）
1.
含有条件状语从句的复合句
wish
（
would rather
）
+
宾语从句
三
名
宾
语
从
句
词
suggest
（…）
+
宾语从句
大
性
板
2.
主
语从句
It is + adj./p.p/n.+ that+ S+ (should)
+do
从
块
句
表
语
从句
S+
is that +s +
(should) +do
同位语从句
S+that +s
+(should) +do
If
S+would/should/could/might+
do
…
If I
were to
be free tomorrow, I
might
go shopping
with you.
主
句
S+would/should/
could/might+do
…
If
I
were
free
today,
I
would
go
shopping
with you.
+S+had
S+would/should/could/might+have
done
…
If
I had been free yesterday, I would have
gone
shopping with you.
虚
拟
语
气
3.
定语从句
It is (high)
time that + S + did
用过去式表现在情况
1.
时态后退型
用过去完成式表过去
两种形式
用过去将来表将来
2.
should+
动词原形型
注意事项：
1
．倒装句。如果条件句中含有功能词
had
，
should
，
were
时，可以省去
If
，把功能词提前，
构成倒装句。
2
．
If there
weren't/had not been +
…
=with
out
…
e.g.: If
there hadn
’
t been your
advice, I would have failed. = Without your advice
I would have
failed.
3
．
错综条件句。
若条件句和主句动作不存在同一个时
间，
则谓语形式应根据具体情况而定。
e.g.: If I hadn't stood under the
ladder to catch you when you fell, you wouldn't be
smiling
now.
又
如：
(1) If we
hadn't got everything ready by now, we should be
having a terrible time tomorrow.
(2) If
I were you, I would have gone to the film last
night.
(3)If the weather
had been more favorable, the crops would be
growing still better.
4
．
otherwise+
虚拟语气的句子
5
．
If it were not
for
…
/ If it hadn't been
for
…
= but
for
…
6
．虚拟语气的句子，
but+
陈述事实的句子
II.
虚拟语气用在宾语从句中
1
.
would
rather
后的从句要用虚拟语气。
时
间
虚拟现在
虚拟过去
虚拟将来
从
句
were, did
(
动词一般过去式
)
had
done
did
(
动词一般过去式
)
例：
I would rather I
hadn’t said
such unkind
things to you.
（虚拟过去）
I'd rather you
came
here for the answer tomorrow
morning.
（虚拟将来）
I
’
d rather you
posted
the letter
right away
.
(
虚拟现在
)
sb.
did
…
(
希望现在用过去式
)
2. wish+that
sb. had
done
…（希望过去用过去完成式）
sb. would/should
do
（希望将来用过去将来）
3.
suggest+
（
that
）
S+should+do
…
表示愿望、
建议、
< br>请求等主观意向的动词之后的宾语从句，
谓语用
shou
ld
＋动词原形，
should
常常
省略。
这类词有：
decide
，
demand
，
desire
，
insist
，
order
，
propose
，
suggest
，
reco
mmend
，
request
，
require
等。
注意：
1. insist
当坚持“要求”时，宾语从句用虚拟语气；当坚持“某个事实”时，用陈述
语气。
判断改错：
（错）
I insisted that you
（
< br>should
）
be
wrong.
（对）
I insisted
that you were wrong.
（错）
Your pale
face suggests that you
（
shoul
d
）
be
ill.
（对）
Your pale
face suggests that you are ill.
2. suggest
当“建议”讲时，其宾语从句用虚拟语
气；当“暗示、表明”时，用陈述语气
IV
．虚拟语气用在同位语从句中。
某些表示建议、请求、命令等主观意向的名词后同位语从句需用虚拟语气，其表达形式<
/p>
为
(should)
＋动词原形
。
这类名词常见的有：
advice
，
suggestion
，
proposal
（
提议）
，
order
，
demand
，
desire
，
request
，
requirement
，
recommendation
（推荐），
plan
，
resolution
（决议），
idea
等。
eg. We are all for your
proposal
that the discussion
( should )be
put
off
．
III.
虚拟语气用在主语从句中
It is
demanded / necessary / a pity + that
…等结
构的主语从句，
谓语动词用
should
加动词原形，
should
可省略。
可用的词有三类
suggested,
ordered,
required,
proposed,
demanded,
requested,
It is
insisted
等
important, necessary, natural,
imperative, strange
等
a pity, a shame, no
wonder
等
VI
．
虚拟语气用在定语从句中
It
is
（
about
／
high
）
time
＋
that sth/should do sth..
eg. Don't you think it's about time we
went
home
？
注：
在
this is the
first time
／
second time that
．．．句型中，从句中谓语动词用陈述语气
完成时态。
this the first
time that you have visited
Hongkong
？
V
．
虚拟语气用在表语从句中。
某些表示
建议、请求、命令等主观意向的名词作主语时，表语从句需用虚拟语气，其表
达形式为<
/p>
(should)
＋动词原形
。
这类名词常见的有：
advice
，
suggestion
，
proposal
，
order
，
demand
，
desire
，
request
，
r
equirement
，
recommendation
以及
plan
，
id
ea
，
resolution
等。
eg. My suggestion is that the
mayor
(should)present
the
prizes.
VIII
．虚拟语气用情感语言中
1
．
If
only
sb./sth.
+
时态后退型的谓语
eg.
If
only
I
had
known
the
result
of
the
examination.2
．虚拟语气在表示客气、遗憾以及祝愿等
场合中，使用虚拟语气。
shouldn't
have
been
following
him
so
closely
；
you
should
have
kept
your
that
（
should
）
do
-telent
-telent
-telent
-telent
-telent
-telent
-telent
-telent
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