imagination-谋杀
三年真题研读
04(
任务型阅读
)
一、真题解析
2019
The Cost of Thinking
Despite their many differences, all
human beings share several defining
characteristics. such as large brains
and the ability to walk upright on two
legs.
The first unique human
characteristic is that humans have extraordinarily
large brains compared with other
animals. It seems obvious that
evolution should select for larger brains.
Mammals(
哺乳动物
)weighing sixty
kilograms have an average brain size of
200 cm
2
. Modern man has a
brain averaging 1200-1400
cm
2
. We are so
fond of our high intelligence that we
assume that when it comes to brain power, more
must be better. Unfortunately,
that is
not the case.
The fact is that a huge
brain is a huge
drain
—
consumption of
energy
—
on the body.
I
’
s not easy to carry
around, especially when boxed inside a
massive skull(
倾骨
).
It
’
s even harder to provides
energy. In modern man,
the brain
accounts for about 2-3%of total body weight but it
consumes 25% of the body
’
s
energy when the body is
at rest. By
comparison, the brains of
apes(
类人猿
)require only 8%of
rest-time energy. Early humans pad for their
large brains in two ways. Firstly, they
spent more time in search food. Secondly, their
muscles grew smaller and
weaker.
It
’
s hardly an obvious
conclusion that this is a good way to survive. A c
himpanzee(
黑猩猩
)can
’
t win an
argument with a
modern man, but it can tear the man apart like a
rag doll.
Another unique human
characteristic is that we walk upright. Standing
up, it
’
s easier to find food
or enemies.
In addition, their arms
that are unnecessary for moving around are freed
for other purposes, like throwing stones or
signaling. As a result, humans can
perform very complex tasks with their hands.
Yet walking upright has its
disadvantage. The bone structure of our ancestors
developed for millions of years
to
support a creature that walked on all fours and
has a relatively small head. Adjusting to an
upright position was
quite a challenge,
especially when the bones had to support an extra-
large skull. Humankind paid for its broad
vision and skillful hands backaches and
painful necks.
We assume that a large
brain makes huge advantages. It seems obvious that
these have made humankind the
most
powerful animal on earth. But humans enjoyed all
of these advantages for a full 2 million years
during which
they remained weak and
marginal creature. Thus humans who lived a million
years ago, despite their big brains and
sharp stone tools, lived in constant
fear of meat-eating animals.
The Cost
of Thinking
●Large brains for their
bodies and
the ability to walk upright
are two
Introduction
(71)
▲
of human beings.
●The larger brains may not be better
because of the cost.
●The
big brains make it harder for the body to move
around
and consume more
The
(72)
▲
of large
energy.
human brains
●The
anim
al brain requires less (73)
▲
when the body is at rest.
●Large human brains consume more food,
and weaken muscles.
●Walking
upright makes it easy to find food or
(75)
▲
against enemies.
●Freed hands can serve s
ome
(76)
▲
purpose and perform complex
tasks.
The (74)
▲
of
walking
upright
●Walking upright challenges the
human bone structure, and
(77)
▲
the
size of brains.
●Walking
upright results in
(78)
▲
sufferings.
●With a large
brain, human
beings (79)
▲
other beings in terms of
intelligence.
Conclusion
●Weak and marginal, human beings
remained
(80)
▲
of meat-eating
animals.
【解题策略】
先看
表格了解文章的基本框架：
第一部分
(Introductio
n)
对应于文章的第一段；
第二部分
(
The (72)
▲
of large human
brains)
对应于文章的第二、三两段；第三部分
(The
(74)
▲
of
walking uprig
ht)
对应于文章第四、
五两段。
第四
部分
(Conclusion)
对应文章的最后一段。
接着结
合表格浏览标题可知：文章主要叙述人用大脑思考的代价。
71.
【答案】
c
haracteristics
【解析】信息查找题。根据题干定位到第一段
“all
human beings share defining characteristics ,such
as
large brains and the ability to walk
upright on t
wo legs.”
可知，
大脑袋和双腿直立行走的能力是
人类共有的特点。再根据题干中的数词<
/p>
two
可确定答案为
character
istics
。
72.
【答案】
disadvantages
【解析】信
息概括题。根据右栏的内容可知主要叙述了人类的大脑大的缺点。因此本空格填写
dis
advantages
。这一题实际就是短文第三段的主旨大意。
73.
【答案】
energy <
/p>
【解析】
信息查找题。
根据题干定位到第
三段中的
“a huge brain is a huge
drain—consumption of energy
”
以及
“
It (the
brain) consumes 25% of the
body
’
s energy when the body
is at comparison
the brains of apes
require only 8% of rest-
time energy”
可知，人类巨大的大脑是一个巨大的能
量消耗。
当身体处于休息时，大脑要消耗
25%
< br>的身体能量。相比之下，类人猿的大脑只需
要
8%
的休息时间能量。
人类与动物相比，
动物需要的能量
(energy)
要比人类少
。
故填
energy
。
74.
【答案】
impact(s)
【解析】信息概括题。分析右栏中的
75
—
78
小题定位到第四段和第五段的内容可知，此部分主要叙
述了直立行走对人类的影响。故填
impact(s)
。
75.
【答案】
guard
【解析】信息概括题。根据题干定位到第四段的第一句
“Another
unique human characteristic is that we
walk upright. Standing up,
it
’s easier to find food or
enemies.”
和
“like
throwing stones
or
signaling
”
并结合题干中
against enemies
可知，直立行走有助于人类发现和抵御敌人，故答
案为
guard
。
guard against
< br>为固定搭配，意为
“
提防
”
。
76.
【答案】
other
【解析】信息查找题。根据题干定位到第四段中的
”...their
arms that are unnecessary for moving around
are freed for other purposes, like
throwing stones or signaling. As a result, humans
can perform
very complex
tasks with their hands. ”
可知，
解放了的双手可以用于做其它的事，即有其它的
目的。故填
ot
her
。
77.
【答案】
limits
【解析】信息概括题。根据题干定位到第五段
“walking
upright has disadvantages. The bone structure of
our ancestors developed for millions of
years to support a creature that walked on four
and a
relative small head. Adjusting to
an upright position was quite a challenge ,
especially when the
bones had to
support an extra -
large skull.”
可知，
直立行走也有缺点。
我们祖先进化了上百亿
年，骨骼也只能支撑四肢行走和有一个相对较小的头。直立行走对人类的骨骼是一个相当
大的挑战，限制了人的头脑的大小。故本空填
limits
。
78.
【答案】
physical <
/p>
【解析】
信息概括题。
根据第五段
“.
.., Humankind paid for its
vision and skillful hands with backaches and
painful necks.”
可知，直立对人类的骨骼是
一个相当大的挑战，人类为自己的视力和灵巧的
双手付出了代价，换来的是腰酸背痛和脖
子疼痛，
backaches
和
pai
nful
对应题干中的
sufferings
< br>，由此得出，直立导致身体方面的
(physical)
痛苦，故填
physical
。
79.
【答案】
beat
【解析】信息概括题。根据最后一段
“We assume
t
hat a large brain makes huge seems
obvious that these have made humankind
the most powerful animal on earth.”
可知，我
们假设大
脑越大，优势越大。很明显，这些使得人类成为地球上最强大的动物。由此可推
断出我们
的大脑比动物大，在智力方面人类比动物更聪明，即在智力方面击败了
(beat)
其他动物。故
本空填
beat
。
80.
【答案】
fearful/afraid
【解析】信息转换题。根据最后一段
“...humans
enjoyed all of these advantages for a full 2
million years
during which they weak
and marginal creatures. Thus humans who lived a
million years ago,
despite their big
brains and sharp stone tools, lived in constant
fear of meat--eating anima
ls.”
可
知，尽管人类享受着所有这些优势，但也是弱小的生物。因此尽管拥有巨大的大脑
和锋利
的石器，但也曾经对食肉动物仍旧害怕
/
恐惧。因为空前是系动词，故本空要填
fear
的形容
词
fearful
或其同义词
afraid
。
2018
How Arts Promote Our
Economy
When most people think of the
arts, they imagine the end product, the beautiful
painting, a wonderful piece of
music,
or an award-winning performance in the theater.
But arts groups bring broader value to our
communities.
The economic impact of the
arts is often overlooked and badly judged.
The arts create jobs that help develop
the economy. Any given performance takes a tour
bus full of artists,
technical experts,
managers, musicians, or writers to create an
appealing piece of art. These people earn a living
wage for their professional knowledge
and skills.
Another group of folks is
n
eeded to help market the event.
“If
you build it they will
come” is a misleading
belief. Painters,
digital media experts, photographers, booking
agents and promoters are hired to sell tickets and
promote the event. According to the
Dallas Area Cultural Advocacy Coalition, arts
agencies employ more than
10,000 people
as full-or part-time employees or independent
contractors.
A successful arts
neighborhood creates a ripple
effect(
连锁反应
)throughout a
community. In 2005, when the
Bishop
Arts Theatre was donated to our town, the location
was considered a poor area of town. After
investing
more than $$1 million in
reconstructing the building, we began producing a
full season of theater performances, jazz
concerts, and year-round arts education
programs in 2008. Nearly 40 percent of jazz lovers
live outside of the
Dallas city limits
and drive or fly in to enjoy an evening in the
Bishop Arts District.
No doubt the
theater has contributed to the
area
’
s development and
economic growth. Today, there are
galleries, studios, restaurants and
newly built work spaces where neighbors share
experiences, where there is
renewed
life and energy. In this way, arts and culture
also serve as a public good.
TeCo
Theatrical Productions Inc. made use of
Bloomberg
’
s investment of
$$35,000 to get nearly $$400,000 in
public and private sector support
during the two-year period. Further, Dallas arts
and arts-based businesses produce
$$298
for every dollar the city spends on arts
programming and facilities. In Philadelphia, a
metro area smaller than
Dallas, the
arts have an economic impact of almost $$3 million
and support 44,000 jobs, 80 percent of which
actually lie outside the arts industry,
including accountants, marketers, construction
workers, hotel managers,
printers, and
other kinds of art workers.
The arts
are efficient economic drivers and when they are
supported, the entire small-business community
benefits.
It is wrong to
assume arts groups cannot make a profit. But in
order to stay in business, arts groups must
produce returns. If you are a student
studying the arts, chances are you have been ill-
advised to have a plan B. But
those who
truly understand the economic impact and can work
to change the patterns can create a wide range of
career possibilities.
Arts
as an
Our communities (71)
▲
from arts in
terms of economy.
economic driver
Arts activity demands a(n) (73)
▲
effort. It involves creation,
performance, and
(74)
▲
.
◆
Artists make a living
through their creative work.
(72)
▲
of
arts
’
promoting
our
economy
◆
Others get paid by
marketing the event.
Arts have a
gradually spreading (75)
▲
.
They could help promote other industries
whether they lie inside or outside
arts.
◆
Besides tickets, some
jazz lovers will pay their (76)
▲
to and from the
events.
◆
Arts contribute to
cultural development when people gather together
to share their
experience and renew
their energy.
Investment in arts could
produce potential (77)
▲
economic results.
◆
TeCo used a $$35,000 art
investment to attract an overall support of
$$400,000.
◆
In Dallas, one
dollar invested in arts could harvest and
extraordinary return of nearly
$$300.
◆
In Philadelphia the arts
have created about 35,000 job opportunities for
workers
(78)
▲
arts industry.
Art students
making a good
living
With these (79)
▲
in mind, art
students need not worry about their career and
have a(n) (80)
▲
plan.
【解题策略】先看表格
了解文章的基本框架：第一部分
(Arts as an economic driv
er)
对应于文章的第一段；第
二部分
((72)
▲
of arts
’
promoting our economy)
对应于文章的第二至第七段；
第三部分
(Art
students
making a good living)
对应于文章最后一段。接着结合表格浏览
标题可知：文章主要讲
述艺术是如何促进我们经济发展的。
71.
【答案】
benefit
【解析】信息转换题。根据题干定位到文章第一段。根据
“But
arts groups bring broade
r value to our
communities.
艺术团体给我们的社区带来了更大的
价值
”
，换句话说就是：我们的社区从艺术中
< br>收益，所以用短语
benefit from
从
……
受益，故填
benefit
。
72.
【答案】
Ways
【解析】信息概括题。分析右边表格各小点的内容可知，这里应该为艺术提升我们经济的方法，所以 用
way
，注意首字母大写及复数形式。故填
< br>Ways
。
73.
【答案】
joint/collective
【
解析】信息概括题。根据题干定位到文章第二段。根据
“Any given
performance ta
kes a tour bus full of
artists, technical experts, managers,
musicians, or writers to create an appealing piece
of art.
呈现给观
众的任何一次演出的背后都会有一个团
队：艺术家、专业技术人员、管理人员、乐队的伴奏以
及吸引人的艺术品的创作人员
”
可以归纳出：艺术活动需要集体共同努力。故填
< br>joint
/collective
。
74.
【答案】
promotion/mark
eting
【解析】信息转换题。根据题干定位到文章第三段。将
“Painters, digital media experts, photographers,
booking agents and promoters are hired
to sell tickets and promote the event.
画
家、数码媒体专家、
摄影师、订票代理和宣传员被雇来销售门票和促销宣传活动
”
中的动词
promote
转化为名词
promotion
，也可以用同义名词
marketing
。故填
promotio
n/marketing
。
75.
【答案】
effect
【解析】信息查找题。根据题干定位到文章第四段。根据
“A
successful arts neighborhood creates a ripple
effect(
连锁反应
)throughou
t a community.
一个成功的艺术社区会在整个社区产生连锁反应
”
中的
原词
“effe
ct”
可以得出答案，故填
effect
。
76.
【答案】
fares
【解析】
信息转换题。
根据题干定位到文章第四
段。
根据
“Nearly 40 percent of
jazz lovers live outside of the
Dallas
city limits and drive or fly in to enjoy an
evening in the Bishop Arts District.
近
40%
的爵士乐
爱好者居住在达拉斯城郊，
他们会驱车或飞至大主教艺术区来参加该地区主办的艺术晚会
”
可
知：爵士爱好者除了买票之外，还需要付来去交通费、住宿费等费用。故填
fares
。
77.
【答案】
positive
【解析】信息概括题。根据题干定位到倒数第三段。根据
“In
Philadelphia, a metro area smaller tha
n
Dallas,
the arts have an economic
impact of almost $$3 million and support 44,000
jobs, 80 percent of which
actually lie outside the arts industry,
including accountants, marketers, construction
workers, hotel
managers, printers, and
other kinds of art workers.
在费城有一个区域，地处地铁，面积略小于达
拉斯，
它的艺术产业带来的经济效益达近
30
亿元。
同时还提供了
44,000
个就业机会，
其中
80%
的机会来自于艺术的周边企业，如会计、市场营销、建筑、酒店管理、打印等各类和艺术相关
的工作岗位
”
可知：艺术品投资
可以产生潜在的积极经济效果。故填
positive
。
78.
【答案】
o
utside/beyond
【解析】信息查找题。根据题干定位到倒数第三段。根据
“In
Philadelphia, a metro area smaller than
Dallas,
the arts have an
economic impact of almost $$3 million and support
44,000 jobs, 80 percent of which
actually lie outside the arts industry,
including accountants, marketers, construction
workers, hotel
managers, printers, and
other kinds of art workers.”
中的
outside
可以得出答案，也可以用其同义词
beyo
nd
。故填
outside/beyond
。
79.
【答案】
statistics/data/analyses
【解析】信息概括题
。这里是对文章的总结，艺术生应该考虑到上文这些统计数据或分析，故无需担心
他们的
职业。故填
statistics/data/analyses
。
80.
【答案】
alternative
【解析】
信息概括题。
根据题干定位到最后一段。
根据
“If
you are a student studying the arts, chances are
yo
u
have been ill-advised to
have a plan B. But those who truly understand the
economic impact and can
work to change
the patterns can create a wide range of career pos
sibilities.
如果你是一名正在学习艺
术的学生，有
可能会有人建议你将来另谋出路，这是一种误导。但是只有真正理解艺术对经济
的影响，
并且有能力改变它的影响模式的人才能在事业上获取更大的发展空间
”
< br>，我们可以推
(
尽管
)
艺术系的学生不必担心自己的职业，
(
但是
)
要有个替代性的计划。
断出这段话的潜台
词是：
可知填
alternative
。
2017
Population
Change
Why is the
world
’
s population growing?
The answer is not what you might think. The reason
for the explosion
is not that people
have been reproducing like rabbits, but that
people have stopped dropping dead like flies. In
1900,
people died at the average age of
30. By 2000 the average age was 65. But while
increasing health was a typical
feature
of the 20
th
century,
declining birth rate could be a defining one of
the 21
st
.
Statistics
show
that
the
average
number
of
births
per
woman
has
fallen
from
4.9
in
the
early
1960s
to
2.5
nowadays. Furthermore, around 50% of
the world
’
s population live
in regions where the figure is now below the
replacement
level(i.e.2.1
births
per
woman)and
almost
all
developed
nations
are
experiencing
sub-replacement
birth rate. You might think
that developing nations would make up
the loss(especially since 80% of the
world
’
s
people
now live in such nations), but
you
’
d be wrong. Declining
birth rate is a major problem in many developing
regions too, which might cause
catastrophic global shortages of work force within
a few decades.
A great decline in young
work force is likely to occur in China, for
instance. What does it imply? First, China
needs to undergo rapid economic
development before a population decline hits the
country. Second, if other factors
such
as
technology
remain
constant,
economic
growth
and
material
expectations
will
fall
well
below
recent
standards and this
could invite trouble.
Russia
is
another
country
with
population
problems
that
could break
its
economic
promise.
Since
1992
the
number
of people dying has been bigger than that of those
being born by a massive 50%. Indeed official
figures
suggest
the
country
has
shrunk
by
5%
since
1993
and
people
in
Russia
live
a
shorter
life
now
than
those
in
is this
occurring? Nobody is quite sure, but poor diet an
above all long-time alcoholism have much to do
with it. If current trends
don
’
t bend,
Russia
’
s population will be
about the size of Yemen
’
s by
the year 2050.
In the north of India,
the population is booming due to high birth rates,
but in the south, where most economic
development is taking place, birth rate
is falling rapidly. In a further twist, birth rate
is highest in poorly educated
rural
areas
and
lowest
in
highly
educated
urban
areas.
In
total,
25%
of
India
’
s
working-age
population
has
no
education.
In 2030, a sixth of the
country
’
s potential work
force could be totally uneducated.
One
solution
is
obviously
to
import
foreign
workers
via
immigration.
As
for
the
USA,
it
is
almost
unique
among developed
nations in having a population that is expected to
grow by 20% from 2010-2030. Moreover, the
USA has a track record of successfully
accepting immigrants. As a result
it
’
s likely to see a rise in
the size of its
working-age population
and to witness strong economic growth over the
longer term.
Population Change
Decline of the birth rate
Population and
(74)
▲
pressure
【解题策略】先看表格了解文章的基本框架：第一部分
(Decli
ne of the birth
rate)
对应于文章的第一二两段；
American
solution
The USA will increase, from
2010-2030, its population by 20% through
(79)
▲
. This will (80)
▲
for
the lack of young work force.
Leaving
aside the birth rate issue, India’s economy may
take off when
the country achieves (78)
▲
of
educational opportunity.
The
(76)
▲
death
of
Russians
may
result
in
a
shrinking
population,
which
would
damage
its
economic
future.
It
would
be
better if it can change people’s way
of
(77)
▲
.
To
guarantee
its
economic
growth,
China
needs
to
deal
with
the
population issue properly, as its
workers are getting (75)
▲
.
The impact of dropping
birth rate on developing countries may not
be (73)
▲
but disastrous.
It would be difficult for developed
countries to maintain the (72)
▲
of
population.
The birth rate in the
21
st
century may be much
(71)
▲
than it was in the 20
th
.
第二部分
(Population
and
(74)
▲
pressure)
对应于文章的第
三四五三段；第三部分
(American
solution
)
对应于文章最后一段。接着结合表格浏览文章可知：本文讲的是与
“Population Change (
人口变化
)”
话题相关的人口与经济的问题。
71.
【答案】
lower
【解析】信息转换题。根据题干定位到第一段最后一句
“But
while increasing health was a typical feature of
the 20th century, declining birth rate
could be a defining one of the 21st.
但是，
尽管健康水平的提高
是二十世纪的一个典型特征，但出生率的下降可能是二十一世纪的一
个决定性特征
”
。根据定
位句可知，二
十一世纪的出生率比
20
世纪低。用
l
ow
修饰
rate
的低，
much
后加比较级。故而
用
lower
。根据题干前面的
“Decline of
the birth rate
出生率下降
”
< br>也可以推出答案。
72.
【答案】
size/scale
【解析】信息转换题。根据第二段
“
F
urthermore, around 50% of the
world
’
s population live in
regions where
the
figure
is
now
below
the
replacement
level(i.e.2.1
births
per
woman)and
almost
all
developed
nations
are
experiencing
sub-replacement
birth
rate.
almost
all
developed
nations
are
experiencing
sub-replacement birth rate
此外
，
世界上大约
50%
的人口生活在人口
低于人口置换水平的地区
(
即
每个妇女
生育
2.1
个孩子
)
< br>，几乎所有发达国家的出生率都低于次置换出生率
”
。根
据定位句可
知：
发达国家人口出生率正在下降，
发达国家保持人口的现有规模
(maintain size/scale)<
/p>
也是困难
重重。
73.
【答案】
immediate
【解析
】信息转换题。根据题干中的
“
developing cou
ntries
”
定位到第二段
“You
might think that developing
nations
would make up the loss(especially since 80% of the
world
’
s people now live in
such nations),
but
you
’
d
be
wrong,
which
might
cause
catastrophic
global
shortages
of
work
force
within
a
few
decades
你可能会认为
发展中国家会弥补损失
(
特别是因为世界上
80%
的人现在生活在发展中国
家
)
。但是你错了，这可能会在几十年内造成全球灾难性的劳动力短缺
”
。
根据最后的叙述可知，
在发展中国家，出生率下降的影响是灾难性的，但不会立即显现出来，而要等到几十年之后，
故答案为
immediate(
与
“disastrous”
同词性
)
。
74.
【答案】
economic
【解析
】貌似信息查找题，其实还是信息概括题。浏览右边方框的
75-78
< br>题可知，讲的都是
“
人口与经济
的问题
”
。因为修饰名词
“press
ure”
，故填形容词性的
economic
< br>。实际上，接下来的几段分别讲
了中国、俄罗斯、印度的人口与经济压力的问题。
75.
【答案】
old/older
【解析】
信息转换题。
根据题干定位到
第三段第一句
“
A great decline in
young work force is likely to occur in
China.
在中国，年轻劳动力可能会大幅减少
”
。换句话说就是：中国可能会迎来年轻劳动力的危
机，即劳动力老龄化，故
答案为
old/older
。
76.
【答案】
earlier
【解析】信息转换题。根据题干定位到第四段
“Indeed
official figures suggest the country has shrunk by
5%
since 1993 and people in Russia live
a shorter life now than those in 1961.
事
实上，官方数据显示，
自
1993
年以
来，俄罗斯经济已经萎缩了
5%
，俄罗斯人现在的寿命比
1961
年的还要短。
……
< br>但糟糕的饮食，
尤其是长期酗酒，
与此有很大关系
”
。
也就是说：
俄罗
斯人口由于缩短的寿命
(
即
早逝
)
而导致了人口的萎缩。故答案为
earli
er
。
77.
【答案】
living/life
【解析】信息概括题。根据题干定
位到第四段。根据第四段中对俄罗斯人的不良饮食习惯和酗酒的描述
可以看出，他们的生
活方式需要改变。
way of living/life“
生
活方式
”
。
78.
【答案】
equality
【解析
】信息概括题。根据题干定位到第五段。根据第五段中对于印度人口出生率以及经济发展与教育
< br>的关系的叙述可以得出这样的结论：印度若能实现公民受教育机会的平等化，它的经济会有大
的增长。故填
equality
。
< br>
79.
【答案】
immigr
ation
【解析】信息查找题。根据题干定位到最后一段。根据
“One
solution is obviously to import foreign workers
via immigration. As for the USA, it is
almost unique among developed nations in having a
population
that is expected to grow by
20% from 2010-2030.
一个解决办法显然是通过移民输入外国工人。
至
于美国，
它在发达国家中几乎是独一无二的，
预计
2010-2030
年人口将增长
20%”
可知，
美国通
过移民
来增加人口。
80.
【答案】
compensate
【解析
】
信息转换题。
根据题干定位到最后一段。
根据
“
Moreover, the USA has a
track record of successfully
accepting
immigrants. As a result it
’
s
likely to see a rise in the size of its working-
age population
此
外，美国有成功接纳移民的记
录。因此，劳动适龄人口的数量可能会增加
”
可知，美国的移民
政策将会使劳动力有所增加。接纳移民可以弥补劳动力的短缺。短语：
< br>compensate for
弥补。
二、考点解读
2019
年考情统计
(
表
1)
选项设置
主题
体裁
正文字数
信息查找题
人用大脑思考的代价
说明文
428
71
，
73
，
76
信息转换题
80
77
，
78
，
79
说明：
信息查找题：在文章中查找相
关细节，锁定信息来源，并用文章中的词填空；
信息转换题：
根据已给句子查找并定位信息后，
加工分析信息并转换成另一种
表达方式，
达到组织信
息的目的。常见的转换方式有词性转换、
句子结构转换、另选他词来释义等；
信息概括题：①准确无误
地概括出文章的主题或行
(
栏
)
的标题，考查概括与推断的能力；
信息概括题
72
，
74
，
75