带来-gtr是什么意思
2012
第
1
周翻译练
习及答案
1
．汉译英：
在元朝末年，朝廷变得腐败无能。许多读书人都坚信蒙古人已失掉了天命，
不再能统治
天下了。
然而他们当中谁曾料到，
天命竟然会落到朱元璋这样一
位几
乎终生目不识丁的人头上。
明太祖朱元璋出身极其微贱，<
/p>
除了天生才具之外一无
所有。
他的父母是
极其贫苦的农民，
因饥荒而背井离乡。
为了不至于全家都饿死，
他们把儿子卖进了寺庙。
朱元璋做了几年小和尚，
然后就跑掉当了土匪。
在当时
天下大乱、反叛四起的
情况下，他这么做倒是顺理成章。过了一些年，他在南京
登基坐殿，开创了明朝近三百年
的江山。
In
the
final
years
of
Yuan
dynasty,
the
imperial
government
had
become
corrupt
and
incompetent. Many scholars firmly
believed that the Mongols had lost the mandate of
heaven to
rule the country. But none of
them expected that the mandate of heaven would be
passed onto Zhu
Yuanzhang, who remained
virtually illiterate all his life.
Zhu
Yuanzhang, the Emperor Taizu
of Ming,
was a man of the most humble
origin
，
with nothing but his
natural ability at
his disposal. His
parents were poor peasants. Forced to leave their
homeland because
of famine, they sold
their son into a Buddhist monastery to save both
his life and their
own. After a few
years as a novice monk, Zhu ran away and became a
bandit
．
This
was a
logical
step
for him
to
take, considering the
great
confusion of
the age,
with
revolts breaking out
everywhere. Some years later, he ascended the
throne in Nanjing
and proclaimed the
founding of the Ming dynasty, which was to last
nearly 300 years.
2
．英译汉：
The Weather in His Soul
George Santayana
Let
me
come
to
the
point
boldly;
what
governs
the
Englishman
is
his
inner
atmosphere, the
weather in his soul. It is nothing particularly
spiritual or mysterious.
When he has
taken his exercise and is drinking his tea or his
beer and lighting his pipe;
when, in
his
garden or by his fire, he sprawls
in an aggressively comfortable chair;
when
well-washed
and
well-brushed,
he
resolutely
turns
in
church
to
the
east
and
recites
the
Creed
(with
genuflexions,
if
he
likes
genuflexions)without
in
the
least
implying
that
he
believes
one
word
of
it;
when
he
hears
or
sings
the
most
crudely
sentimental
and
thinnest
of
popular
songs,
unmoved
but
not
disgusted;
when
he
makes up his mind who is
his best friend or his favorite poet; when he
adopts a party
or
a
sweetheart;
when
he
is
hunting
or
shooting
or
boating,
or
striding
through
the
fields;
when
he
is
choosing
his
clothes
or
his
profession
——
never
is
it
a
precise
reason, or purpose,
or outer fact that determines him; it is always
the atmosphere of
his inner man.
To
say
that
this
atmosphere
was
simply
a
sense
of
physical
well-
being,
of
coursing blood and
a prosperous digestion, would be far too gross;
for while psychic
weather
is
all
that,
it
is
also
a
witness
to
some
settled
disposition,
some
ripening
inclination for this or that, deeply
rooted in the soul. It gives a sense of direction
in
life which is virtually a code of
ethics,
and a religion behind
religion. On the
other
hand,
to
say
it
was
the
vision
of
any
ideal
or
allegiance
to
any
principle
would
be
making
it
far
too
articulate
and
abstract.
The
inner
atmosphere,
when
compelled
to
condense into words, may precipitate
some curt maxim or over-simple theory as a sort
of
war-cry;
but
its
puerile
language
does
it
injustice,
because
it
broods
at
a
much
deeper
level
than
language
or
even
thought.
It
is
a
mass
of
dumb
instincts
and
allegiances,
the
love
of
a
certain
quality
of
life,
to
be
maintained
manfully.
It
is
pregnant
with
many
a
stubborn
assertion
and
rejection.
It
fights
under
its
trivial
fluttering
opinions
like
a
smoking
battleship
under
its
flags
and
signals;
you
must
consider, not what they
are, but why they have been hoisted and will not
be lowered.
One
is
tempted
at
times
to
turn
away
in
despair
from
the
most
delightful
acquaintance
——
the
picture
of
manliness,
grace,
simplicity
，
and
honor,
apparently
rich in knowledge and
humor
——
because of some
enormous platitude he reverts to,
some
hopelessly
stupid
little
dogma
from
which
one
knows
that
nothing
can
ever