yiting-笑靥如花怎么读
Unit1
英译汉
Global citizen is someone who
identifies with being part of an emerging world
community and
whose
actions
contribute
to
building
this
community's
values
and
practices.
Global
citizenship
believes that humankind is essentially
one and each individual has the power to change
things. In
our
interdependent
world,
global
citizenship
encourages
us
to
recognize
our
responsibilities
toward
each
other
and
learn
from
each
other.
Global
citizens
care
about
education,
disease,
poverty, and
environmental issues around the world. Today, the
forces of global engagement are
helping
some
people
identify
themselves
as
global
citizens
who
have
a
sense
of
belonging
to
a
world
community.
This
growing
global
identity
in
large
part
is
made
possible
by
the
forces
of
modern information,
communications and transportation technologies.
Global citizenship aims to
empower
people to lead their own action. Along with the
knowledge and values that they have
gained from learning about global
issues, people need to be equipped with the
necessary skills to
give themselves the
ability and confidence to be pro-active in making
a positive difference in the
world.
世界公民是指一个人承认自己是新兴的全球社区的一分子，
而且其行动
对全球社区的价值打
造和实践活动有所贡献。世界公民相信人类从本质上来说是一个整体
，每
个人都有改变事
物的能力。
在我们这样一个相互依赖的世界中，
世界公民意识鼓励我们认识到对
彼此的责任，
并从对方身上学习。世界公民关心全球的教育、疾病、
贫穷和环境问题。在当今，全球合
作的力量在使一些人萌
发世界公民的意识，
让他们拥有对全球社区的归属感。
这种不断
发展
的世界公民意识在很大程度上来讲，要
< br>归功于现代信息、通信和交通技术的力量。世界公
民意识致力于给予人们力量，<
/p>
让他们付诸行动。
世界公民除了要从世界问题中学习知识和价
值观，还要拥有必需的
技能，使他们拥有能力和自信，积极推动世界的发展。
汉译英
如今，很多年轻人不再选择<
/p>
稳定
的工作，他
们更愿意自主创业，依靠自己的智慧和奋斗去
实现自我价值。青年创业（
young entrepreneurship
）是未来国家经济活力的来源
，创业者的
成功不但会创造财富、增加就业机会、改善大家的生活，从长远来看，对于国
家更是一
件
好事，
< br>创业者正是让中国经济升级换代的力量。尤其是在当前，国家鼓励大众创业、万众创
新，在政策上给予中小企业支持，这更加激发了年轻人的创业热情。
Nowadays, many young people no longer
choose “stable” jobs. Instead, they prefer to
start their
own
businesses
and
realize
their
self-value
through
their
own
wisdom
and
efforts.
Young
entrepreneurship
is
the
source
of
national
economic
vitality
in
the
future.
The
success
of
entrepreneurs not only creates fortune,
increases job opportunities, improves people’s
life,
but it is
also good
for the country in the long term. Entrepreneurs
are a driving force in upgrading China’s
economy.
Especially
for
the
time
being,
our
country
is
encouraging
people
to
start
their
own
businesses and make
innovations and giving policy support for medium
and small businesses. This
further
arouses young people's enthusiasm to start their
own businesses.
Unit2
英译汉
The
American
Dream
is
a
national
ethos
(
精神特质
)
of
the
United
States.
The
term
is
used
in
many ways, but it essentially is an
idea that suggests that anyone in the US can
succeed through
hard work and has the
potential to lead a happy, successful life. Many
people have expanded upon
or
refined
the
definition
to
include
things
such
as
freedom,
fulfillment
and
meaningful
relationships.
The
idea
of
an
American
Dream
is
older
than
the
US,
dating
back
to
the
1600s,
when
people
began
to
have
all
sorts
of
hopes
and
aspirations
for
what
was
a
new
and
largely
unexplored continent to European
immigrants. And the meaning of the Dream has
changed over
the course of history,
including both personal components and a global
vision. But not everybody
thinks the
American Dream is a positive thing. Some people
believe that the structure of society in
the US prevents such an idealistic goal
for everyone. Critics often point to examples of
inequality
rooted in class, race,
religion and ethnicity that suggest that the
American Dream is not attainable
for
everyone.
美国梦是美利坚合众国的民族精神。
该词
有各种各样的用法，
但其根本含义是，
在美国任何
人都可以通过努力获得成功，都有可能过上幸福而成功的生活。许多人对
<
/p>
美国梦的概念加
以拓展和提炼，
涵盖了像
自由、
自我实现和深厚的人际关系等方面的内容。
美国梦的思想
比
美国本身更为久远，
可以追溯到
17
世纪，
当时的欧洲移
民面对这一新发现的、
未经开发的
广袤大陆，开始纷纷
怀揣希望，追逐梦想。随着历史的发展，美国梦的含义也已改变，既包
含了个人元素，也
包含了全局视野。但
并不是每个人都对美国梦持肯定态度。一
些人认为
美国的社会结构决定了不是每个人都能拥有这样的理想目标。
< br>批评者常常举以实例，
揭露植
根于阶级、种族、宗教
和民族的不平等现象，指出美国梦并非每个人都可企及。
汉译英
实
现中华民族伟大复兴（
rejuvenation
）是近代以来
中国人民最伟大的梦想，我们称之为
“
中
国梦
”
，其基本内涵是实现国家富强、民族振兴、人民幸
福。中国梦，是让每一个积极进取
的中国
人形成世世代代的信念：
只要经过不懈的奋斗便能获得更好的生活。
人们必须通过自
己的勤奋、勇气、创意和决心迈向繁
荣，而不是依赖于社会和他人的援助。每个中国人都
是中国梦的参与
者和创造者。中国梦是民族的梦，也是每个中国人的梦。
Realizing
the great
national
rejuvenation,
which
we
define
as
the Chinese
Dream,
has
been
the
greatest Chinese
expectation since modern times. It basically means
achieving prosperity for the
country,
renewal of the nation and happiness for the
people, thus ensuring that every enterprising
Chinese carries, generation after
generation, the firm conviction that a better life
is accomplished
through
persistent
effort.
People
should
achieve
their
prosperity
through
diligence,
courage,
creativity
and
determination
instead
of
aid
from
society
or
other
people.
Each
individual
is
a
participant and a designer in the cause
of realizing the Chinese Dream, for it is a dream
not only
for the entire nation but also
for every Chinese.
Unit3
英译汉
Leonardo
da
Vinci,
one
of
the
greatest
minds
of
the
Italian
Renaissance,
is
perhaps
the
most
diversely talented
person ever to have lived. A painter, sculptor,
architect, mathematician, engineer,
and
inventor,
he
is
famous
for
a
wide
range
of
accomplishments.
His
natural
genius,
which
crossed
multiple
disciplines,
won
him
the
title
of
Master
Leonardo
is
renowned
primarily as a painter. Among his
works, the
Mona Lisa
is the
best known and
The Last
Supper
the
most reproduced
religious painting of all time. What make
Leonardo's drawings unique are mainly
his
innovative
techniques
and
acute
scientific
mind.
Perhaps
only
15
of
his
paintings
have
survived, partly
because his constant experimentation with new
techniques made his total output
quite
small. Although not a prolific
(
多产的
) painter, Leonardo was
a most productive draftsman,
keeping
journals full of sketches, drawings, and diagrams.
These notebooks, often referred to as da
Vinci's
manuscripts,
recorded
his
inventions,
observations,
and
theories
about
everything
that
captured
his
attention.
Leonard's
genius
made
him
a
pioneer
in
almost
every
field
of
study
he
undertook. His paintings,
together with his notebooks, have contributed
significantly to the history
of art.
莱奥纳多
?
达
?<
/p>
芬奇是意大利文艺复兴时期最伟大的思想家之一，
也许也是迄今最
多才多艺的
人。他是画家、雕刻家、建筑家、数学家、工程师和发明家，因成就广
泛而闻名。他的天
赋跨越多个领域，为其赢
得了
“
文艺复兴大师
”
的称号。莱奥纳多主要作为画家而著名。
在其
所有作品
中，
《蒙娜
·
丽莎》最为有名，而《最
后的
晚餐》则是历来复制最多的宗教画作。
< br>莱奥纳多作品的独特之处主要在于其创新性的技巧和敏锐的科学思维。他的画作大约只有
< br>15
幅流传了下来，其部分原因是他
< br>不断试验新的技巧，所以作品总量很小。莱奥纳多虽然
不是多产画家，
却是一位最高产的绘图家，他在日记中画满了各种草图、图画和图表。
这些
笔记通常被称为达
?
芬奇手稿，记录了他的各种发明、观察，以及他对自己感兴趣的事物提
出的理论
。
莱奥纳多的天赋使他几乎在涉足的每一领域都成了先驱。
他的
画作，
连同他的笔
记，在艺术史上贡献斐然。
汉译英
水墨画（
ink and wash painting
）是中国独具特色的传统艺术形式之一，是中国国画的代表。
它大约始
于唐代，
兴盛于宋代和元代，
距今已有一千多年的历史，
其间经历了不断的
发展、
< br>提高和完善。
水墨画的创作工具和材料是具有浓厚中国特色的毛笔、
宣纸和墨，
其作品特点
也与此紧密相关。例如，水和
墨相互调和，使作品具有干湿浓淡的
层次。水墨和宣纸的交<
/p>
融渗透也使画作善于表现丰富的意象，
从而达到独特的审美效果。
水墨画在中国绘画史上具
有很高的地位，甚至被认为是衡量东方
绘画艺术水平的标准。
Ink
and
wash
painting,
one
of
the
unique
traditional
art
forms
of
China,
is
representative
of
Chinese painting. It
began around the time of the Tang Dynasty, and
then prospered in the Song
and
Yuan
dynasties.
With
a
history
of
over
one
thousand
years,
it
has
experienced
constant
development, improvement and
perfection. The tools and materials used to create
ink and wash
painting, i.e. brushes,
rice paper, and ink, are characteristic of Chinese
culture and closely related
to the
features of the paintings. For example, the mixing
of water and ink creates different shades
of dryness, wetness, thickness and
thinness. The integration and infiltration of
water, ink, and rice
paper enables such
paintings to convey rich images, and hence to
achieve unique aesthetic effects.
Ink
and
wash
painting
holds
a
high
status
in
the
history
of
Chinese
painting,
and
it
is
even
regarded as the
criterion to evaluate the artistic level of
Oriental paintings.
Unit4
英译汉
Venice
is
the
world's
famous
island
city
in
northern
Italy.
Founded
in
the
5th
century,
Venice
became
a
major
maritime
power
in
the
10th
century.
In
the
Middle
Ages
and
the
Renaissance,
Venice was a
major center for commerce and trade, and became an
extremely wealthy European
city, a
leader in political and economic affairs. After
several hundred years in power, Venice began
to decline in the 15th century.
Nowadays, it is regarded as one of the world's
most beautiful cities
and
one
of
the
most
important
tourist
destinations
in
the
world.
Venice
has
a
rich
and
diverse
architectural style, the most famous of
which is the Gothic style. Venice is also known
for several
important
artistic
movements
in
history,
especially
the
Renaissance
period.
The
influence
of
Venice on the development of
architecture and arts has been considerable.
Today, it is still playing
an important
role in contemporary arts and popular cultures. In
1987, Venice was listed as a World
Heritage Site. In March 1980, Venice
became a sister city of China's Suzhou City.
威尼斯是意大利北部一座世界闻名的岛城。威尼斯建立于公元
5
世纪，在公元
10
世纪时成
为一支重要的海上力量。在中世纪和文艺复兴时期，威尼斯曾是重要的商
贸中心，是当时
欧洲极为富裕的城市，在政治和经济事务中居领导地位。几
百年的兴盛之后，威尼斯在
15
世纪开始衰落。如今，威尼斯被
公认为是全世界最美的城
市之一，也是全世界最重要的旅
游胜地之一。
威尼斯的建筑风格丰富多样，
其中最出名的是哥特式风格。
威尼斯还因历史上
的几次重要的艺
术运动而闻名，特别是文
艺复兴时期。威尼斯对建筑和艺术的
发展影响巨
大。至今，威尼斯仍对现代艺术和流行文化的发展起着重要作用。
1987
年，威尼斯被列入
《世界遗产名录》
。
1980
年<
/p>
3
月，威尼斯与中国苏州结为
“
友好城市
”
。
汉译英
丽
江地处云南省西北部，
境内多山。
丽江古城坐落在玉龙雪山脚下
，
是一座风景秀丽的历史
文化名城，也是我国保存完好的少数民
族古城之一。丽江古城始建于南
宋，距今约有
800
年的历史。
丽江不仅历史悠久，
而且民族众多，少数民族人口占全区人口的半数以上。
随着
丽江旅游业的发展，到丽江古城观光游览的中外游客
日益
增多。
1997
年
12
月，丽江古城
申报世界文化遗产获得成功，填补了中国在世界文化遗产中无历史
文化名城的空白。
Lijiang is a
mountainous city in northwest Yunnan Province. The
old town of Lijiang, located at
the
foot of Jade Dragon Snow Mountain, is a town of
scenic beauty and known for its history and
culture. It is also a well-preserved
old town with features of ethnic minorities. The
construction
work of the old town was
started from the Southern Song Dynasty about 800
years from now. Not
only does Lijiang
boast a long history, but also it boasts many
ethnic minorities who make up over
a
half of the total population in the region. With
the booming of Lijiang tourism, the old town of
Lijiang is receiving a growing number
of tourists from home and abroad. In December
1997, the
old
town
succeeded
in
applying
to
be
named
a
World
Cultural
Heritage
Site,
filling
the
gap
of
lacking a
noted historical and cultural city in China on the
World Cultural Heritage List.
Unit5
英译汉
The English ceremony of afternoon tea
dates back to the 1840s. The tradition evolved out
of the
rituals
and
routines
that
surrounded
tea
drinking
in
Britain
before
that
time.
Tea
was
first
introduced to England in the late
1650s, but for a long time, it was only consumed
by the royal
family and the aristocracy
due to its high cost. The habit of having
afternoon tea did not become
established until almost 200 years
later. In those days, the British ate only two
daily meals: a large
breakfast
late
in
the
morning
and
a
late
dinner
around
8
o'clock
in
the
evening.
Anna,
the
7th
Duchess of Bedford, can be credited for
creating the tradition of afternoon tea to soothe
hunger
pangs before supper. She invited
friends to join her for an additional afternoon
meal at four to five
o'clock. The menu
included tea and snacks such as dainty cakes and
sandwiches. Fine porcelain
(
瓷器
)
was
used
to
serve
this
minor
feast.
Afternoon
tea
soon
became
popular,
and
is
now
a
symbol of
the elegant British way of life. As novelist Henry
James wrote,
life more agreeable than
the hour dedicated to the ceremony known as
afternoon tea.
英式下午茶的仪式可以追溯到
1
9
世纪
40
年代，
该传统是由之前英国的茶饮仪式和习惯发展
而来的。茶最初在
17
世纪
50
年代晚期被引入英国，
但由于价格昂
贵，所以很长一段时间
里，只有皇家和贵族才能享用。
直到将近
200
多年之后，
英国人才养成吃下午茶的习惯。在