adverbial clause 状语从句的讲解及用法

Grammar：
状语从句：Adverbial clause

状语从句可分为时间、地点、条件、让步、原因、目的、结果和比较等八种。
一． 时间状语从句Adverbial clause of time
常用连词：
when, while, until, before, after, as soon as, since, as;
everyeach time, the first time, the moment
等；
immediately, directly, instantly
等。

1. Could you ask her to ring me when she gets back?
2. Children in the USA must stay in school until they are 16.
3. Please let me know as soon as you get to Shanghai.
4. Great changes have taken place in China since the People’s Republic of China was
founded.
5. Every time I saw her, I felt very happy.
要点：when while as 的运用
当从句中的谓语动词是持续性的动作时,我们可以用while, when或as。
1). While When As I was walking down the street, I noticed a police car in
front of the bank.
2).When强调特定时间，动词为瞬间动词; 还表示 “正在那时”, 只能用when.
I was making a telephone call when a friend of mine came in.
3). While 强调一段时间，从句中动词必须是持续性动词, 多为进行时态; “然而”
我在读小说而她在看电视 。______________________________________________
4. as可以用来说明两种正在发展或变化的情况,表示“随着…”；“一边…，一边…”
随着一年一年的过去,中国正变的越来越强大.
____________________ _________________________________________________
1)._____ they came home, I was cooking dinner.
2). I was about to go to bed _______ I heard someone knock at t the door.
3). ________ we were watching TV, he was studying.
4). He is fat _______ his brother is thin.
5). ______ she sang, tears ran down her face.

二．原因状语从句Adverbial clause of reason
常用连词
: because, since=now that, as, for
1. ______ everybody is here, let’s begin the meeting.
2. It must have rained yesterday, _______ the ground is wet.

三．地点状语从句Adverbial clause of place
常用连词：
where, wherever
1. Make a mark _______ you don’t understand.
2. I’ll be right here waiting for you ________ you go.

四．条件状语从句Adverbial clause of condition
常用连词：
if, unless, as long as
1. ________ the weather is fine tomorrow, we will go to the countryside.
2. He won’t finish the work in time ________ he works hard.
在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，动词通常（主将从现，主祈从现）

五. 结果状语从句 Adverbial clause of result
常用连词
: so, that, so that, (如此 以至于)，so…that…, such… that….
I was caught in a shower so that all my clothes got wet.
so…that引导结果状语从句时, so常用于修饰形容词或副词, 或用于修饰many,
much, little, few. “so+adj.+a an+n.”
He is so good a student that all the teachers…
Such可修饰任何名词,当其修饰单数可数名词时, 语序为:such+a an +(adj.) +n.
He is such a good student that all the teachers…

六． 目的状语 adverbial clause of purpose
? in order (not) to, so as (not) to,(为了…)
常用连词
: so, that, in order that, in case, for fear that, lest (以免)
Be quiet so as not to in order not to wake up the baby.
= ____________________________________ _____________________________
他把名字写下来,以免忘记.(in case)
Key points: 由so that; in order that 引导的目的状语从句中通常用may, could,
can等情态动词. lest， for fear that， in case , 其中lest， for fear that后的目的
状语从句一般要用“可以省略的should＋动词原形”的虚拟语气形式；
He is working hard for fear that he (should) fail

七. 让步状语从句 adverbial clause of concession
despite, in spite of + n
常用连词
: though, although, even though, even if , while
whether ? or?, no matter how what ?, howeverwhatever…
Despite all the difficulties, his team fulfilled the task ahead of time.
=_______________________________________ ______________________
Key points: 1. No matter+ 疑问词= 疑问词+ ever
? No matter what happened, he would not mind.
= _______________ _____________________________________________
2. 让步状语从句的倒装:
强调部分(形容词副词名词动词分词) + as though +主语+ 其他部分
? Though he was a child, he knew what was the right thing to do.
? ____________ ______________________________________________

Exercises:
1. _______ they came home, I was cooking dinner.
A. when B. while C. as D. before
2. ________ we were watching TV, he was studying.
A. when B. while C. as D. before
3. He is fat _______ his brother is thin.
A. when B. while C. as D. before
4. ______ years go by, China becomes stronger and stronger.
A. When B. While C. As D. Before
5. The moment ____ I saw him, I knew he had failed the examination.

A. when B. before C. after D.
6. He fell in love with her the first time ____ he met her.
A. when B. before C. D. while
7. It was not long _____ he left his hometown.
A. when B. before C. after D. while
8. It must have rained yesterday, _________ the ground is wet.
A. because B. since C. as D. for
9. He won’t finish the work in time __________ he works hard.
A. if B. unless C. when D. after
10. You will find another building here when you ________ next year.
A. come B. will come C. comes D. came
11. I’ll call you when I ________ free.
A. will be B. am C. is D. am going to be
12. He got up early __________ he could catch the early bus.
A. so as to B. so that C. in order to D. though
13. It was _____ day ______there was nobody on the street.
A. so cold a … that B. such cold a … that
C. so a cold … that D. such a cold …that
14. It was many years_______ the two good friends met again.
A. after B. before C. when D. until
15. The plane was about to take off______ an unidentified parcel was found under an
empty seat.
A. after B. so C. when D. while
16. The boss is satisfied with what she has done__ he is going to give her a
promotion.
A. since B. because C. for D. so
17. They go to concerts of modern music _____ they really like it.
A. because B. if C. though D. after
18. _______ the teacher helping us, we finished the work 3 days ahead of time.
A. With B. As C. Since D. While
19. ______ you have got a chance, you might as well make full use of it.
A. After B. Now that C. Although D. While
20. Although it is raining, _______ are still working in the field.
A. but they B. and they C. yet they D. so they
21._______ I can remember, there will be a TV play on CCTV 8 tonight.
A. As long as B. Unless C. When D. As far as
22. After the war, a hospital was set up _______ there had once been a shopping
centre.
A. that B. where C. which D. when
23. He was about to answer the phone _______ somebody knocked on the door.
A. as B. when C. until D. while
24. The naughty boy had to stand out of the classroom _______ the headmaster let
them go back to their seats.
A. when B. unless C. after D. until

25. I found him handsome and sincere _______ I met him.
A. the first time B. for the first time C. first time D. by the first time
26. He set off early ____ miss the early bus.
A. so as to B. in order that C. in order to not D. so as not to
27. He is taking an umbrella _____ the sun is too hot.
A. in case B. in case of C. so that D. in order that
28. ____ the bad weather, he kept on working outdoors.
A. Even if B. Despite C. Though D. However
29. ______, he is not happy.
A. As he is rich B. Despite he is rich C. Rich as he is D. Rich though he was
30. _____ he will go there by bus or by train has not been decided.
A. That B. If C. Whether D.
won’t give up _____ we have failed so many times.
A. though B. since C. whether D. until
32. _____ he saw people in trouble, he helped them.
A. Since B. Until C. Whenever D. Unless
33. Time is up. All of you must hand in the papers _____ you are not finished.
A. even if B. in spite of that C. despite D. however
34. _____, his wife will wait for him to have dinner together.
A. However late is he B. However he is late
C. However is he late D. However late he is
35. ______ I tried many times, I failed in the end.
A. Even though B. Despite C. In spite of D. In case
36. Do what you think is right _____ difficulties you may have.
A. even if B. in spite of C. though D. in case
37. Better take more clothes _______ the cold weather.
A. in case B. despite C. though D. in case of
is a very interesting book. I’ll buy it, ____.
A. how much may it cost B. no matter how it may cost
C. however much it may cost D. how may it cost
39.__________I accept that he is not perfect, I do actually like the person.
A. While B. Since C. Before D. Unless
40. Although he is considered a clever student, _______ .
A. but he doesn’t work hard B. his school work is not satisfactory
C. However he is not the best one in his class. D. but he often makes mistakes
41. How far apart do they live ? ____ I know , they live in different cities.
A. As long as B. As far as C. As well as D. As often as
42. ______ breaks the school rules will be punished.
A. Who B. Whoever C. No matter whom D. No matter when
43. The west lake in Hangzhou is the most beautiful place _____ people all over the
world want to visit.
A. where B. which C. what D. that