英国文学复习参考

1 The Anglo-Saxon Period (450-1066)

一、不列颠岛上的

Settler

换了一波又一波

Celts

（

6 00B.C.

）→

Romans

（

55B.C.

）→

Anglo-Saxon s

（

450A.D.

）→

Normans

（

1066A.D.

）

二、两个流派

代表人物

Northumbrian School

诺森伯兰文学

Wessex Literature

西萨克斯文学

1. Caedmon

开德蒙

the first Anglo-Saxon

King

Alfred

艾尔弗雷德大帝，此人

poet

之< /p>

前

教

育

上

只

用

拉

丁

。

2. Venerable Bede

必德

father of English

Contributions of him 1.2.3.

课本

P4

History

；

The

Ecclesiastical

History

of

the

English People

《英吉利人教会史》

三、

Beowulf

体裁：

Epic

来源：

based on partly historical and partly legendary materials, brought over by the Anglo-Saxons

from their original homes.

特点：

1. Alliteration

头韵

2. Kenning

比喻的复合辞

tion

2 The Norman Period (1066-1350)

一、

1066

年

The Norman Conquest

诺曼征服

Significance: 1. Feudal system was established in England.

2. English social life greatly changed.

3. Connection of English&French.

4. Dividing line of Old English and Middle English

二、

Romance

1. Popular form of literature of the upper class in feudal England in the Medieval Ages;

2. Knights are major characters;

3. Emphasis of chivalry spirit and loyalty to King;

4. Composed by the noble, for the noble and of the noble;

课本

P12

In subject matters, romance naturally falls under three categories:1.2.3.

3 The Age of Chaucer (1350-1400)

一、

Who is Chaucer?

英国摆脱中古时期浪漫主义的第一位现实主义诗人

二、两个事件

1. The Hundred Years War

百年战争（英

VS

法）

2. The Peasant Uprising of 1381

（打仗没钱了管

peas ant

要，于是

peasant

揭竿而 起）

三、

John Wycliff

1. He was the major person who translated Bible into Middle English, which is

important to

English Literature and English Language

2. He fixed a national standard for English prose to replace various works earned

him the title of Father of English prose.

普通话第一人

四、

Geoffery Chaucer

乔叟

1. The works of Chaucer are roughly divided into 3 periods

课本

P18

2. The significance of The Canterbury Tales is as follows

课本

P19

4 The Fifteenth Century (1400-1550)

一、两个战争和两个事件

1. The Hundred Years

’

War

百年战争

1337 - 1453

2. The War of the Roses

玫瑰战争

1455-1485

3. The discovery of America and the new sea routes

4. Reformation of the Church

二、

Popular ballads

民谣是这一时期主要体裁

1. five basic characteristics

课本

P36

2.

重要作品

Robin Hood Ballads

侠盗罗宾汉

5 The English Renaissance (1550-1642)

一、英国文艺复兴时期在位的女王是

Queen Elizabeth (1558-1603)

伊丽莎白一世

二、思想：

Humanism

（

Man is the measure of all things

）

1. It was against human nature to sacrifice the happiness of this life for an after life; the pursuit of

this life.

2. Man should be given full freedom to enrich their intellectual and emotional life.

三、

Edmund Spenser

是英国文艺复兴时期的伟大诗人

四、英国文艺复兴时期的主流文学形式是

Drama

代表人物

代表作品

Christopher Marlowe

William Shakespeare

Tamburlaine the Great

铁木真

Major

Tragedies:

Hamlet;

Othello; King Lear; Macbeth

The

Tragic

History

of

Doctor

Major

Comedies:

A

Faustus

《浮士德博士的悲

Midsummer

Night

’

s

Dream;

The

Merchant

of

Venice;

As

剧》

1.

浮

士

德

来

源< /p>

于

德

国

民

间

传

You Like It; The Twelfth Night

说！

！

！

2.

浮

士

德

精

神

：

des ire

for

Sonnet 18

infinite knowledge

作家简介

影响和意义

是同时期唯一可与莎士比 亚

相提并论的

dramatist

三个时期

课本

P72 P73

对莎士比亚的影响

The

blank

五点

课本

P73-74

verse,

unrhymed

iambic

pentameter,

used

in

his

dramas,

was

the

chief

verse

form used by Shakespeare.

6 The Seventeenth Century (1603-1688)

一、

Key words of period of Revolution and Restoration

Bourgeois

资产阶级

Anglican Church

英国国教

Puritans

清教徒

Charles I

查理一世

1641

年

Grand Remonstrance

大抗议书

Commonwealth

英联邦

Cromwell in 1653 the Lord Protector

护国公克伦威尔

The Bill of Rights

权利法案

二、

King James Version of the Bible

（钦定版圣经）

，是《圣经》的诸多英文版本之一， 于

1611

年出版。

此前翻译过

Bible

的人有

1. Caedmon, Bede, King Alfred

见

Chapter2

2. Wycliff

见

Chapter3

三、

Francis Bacon (1561-1626)

与莎士比亚同时期的散文家、哲学家。

He

is

generally

regarded

as

the

chief

figure

in

English

prose

in

the

first

half

of

the

17

th

century and his essays began the long tradition of the

English essay

in the history of English

literature.

四、两个主要诗歌派别

代表人物

代表作品

Metaphysical Poets

玄学派诗人

John Donne

Cavalier Poets

骑士派诗人

Ben Jonson

以

dramat ist

著称

Songs

and

Sonnet

《歌与十四行

love lyric:

Song to Celia

《致西利亚》

诗》

A

Valediction

:

Forbidding

Mourning

《别离辞·节哀》

五、清教徒文学

主要人物

主要作品

Puritan poet

John Milton

Paradise Lost

《失乐园》

Puritan writer of prose

John Bunyan

The Pilgrim's Progress

《天路历程》

Paradise Lost

：

1. Satan, defeated, voices his hatred for God who is a tyrannical in th e eyes of the rebellious

angel.

The

rebellious

speech

by

Satan

was

an

outpouring

of

the

poet

’

s

hatred

for

thr

restored