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英国文学选读
Old and Middle English Periods 450-1485
Anglo
–
Saxon Epic
Poem Beowulf
（贝奥武夫）被认为是英国的民族史诗。
Unit 1
（
Middle
English period
）
Geoffrey Chaucer
杰弗里
乔叟
(1343-1400)
—“
Father of modern English poetry”
Major works
:
The
Book of the
Duches
s
《公爵夫人之书》
The Parliament of
Fowls
《百鸟议会
)
》
The House of Fame
《声誉之堂
》
Troilus and Criseyde
《特罗斯特与克丽西德》
代表作：
The Canterbury Tales
《卡特伯雷故事》
A
collection of stories in a frame story, written
between 1387 and 1400. It is the story of a group
of thirty people who travel as
pilgrims
朝圣者
to
Canterbury. The pilgrims, who come from all
layers of society, tell stories to each
other to kill time while they travel to
Canterbury. If we trust
the
General
Prologue,
Chaucer
intended
that
each
pilgrim
should
tell
two
tales
on
the
way
to
Canterbury
and two tales on the way back. He never finished
his enormous project and even the
completed tales were not finally
revised
Unit 2(English
Renaissance) 1485-1616
威廉
莎士比亚
(William
Shakespeare)
——
dramatist,
poet
Four
tragedies
:
Hamlet
《哈姆雷特》
(hesitation)
Othell
o
《奥赛罗》
(jealous)
King Lear
《李尔王》
Macbeth
《麦克白》
（
ambition
）
Four comedies
:
A
Mid Summer Night
Dream
《仲夏夜之梦》
As
you like it
《皆大欢喜》
Twelfth Night
《第十二夜》
)
The Merchant of Venice
《威尼斯商人》
Others:
Romeo and
Juliet
《罗密欧与朱丽叶》
S
onnet18
《十四行诗之
18
》<
/p>
押韵方式：
ABAB,CDCD,EFEF,GG
The University wits:
大学才子
a
notable
group
of
pioneer
English
dramatists
who
wrote
during
the
last
15
years
of
the
16th
century (the Elizabethan era) and who
transformed popular drama with their plays of
quality and
diversity
7 talented dramatists
:
Robert Greene
John Lyly
Thomas Nashe
Thomas Lodge
Thomas Kyd
George Peele
Francis
Bacon
弗兰西斯
培根（
1561-1626
）
1
、
A great
thinker
: (
New Instrumen
t
《
新工具
》
)the necessity of abandoning
a
priori
speculation
in favor of
observation and induction.
2
、
The first
important English essayist
Essa
< br>ys
《论说文集》
3
、
The founder of
experimental philosophy, the father of modern
positivistic philosophy
“现代科学的奠基人，英国唯物主义及现代实验科学之父”
Works
:
Of
Marriage and Single
Lif
e
《论婚姻和单身》
Of
Studies
《论读书》
New Atlantis
《新大西岛》
Unit 4 The Seventeenth
Century 1616-1688
一、
John Mil
ton
（
1608
—
< br>1674
）约翰
弥尔顿
Epic poems:
Paradise Lost
（
166
7
）
《失乐园》
Paradise Regained (
1671)
《复乐园》
Samson
Agonistes
(1671)
《力士参孙》
（长诗）
Works:
Lycidas
(163
7)
《利西达斯》
Areopagitica(1644)
《论出版自由》
二、
John Donne
约翰
邓恩（
1572-1631
）玄学派诗人（
metaphysical
poets
）
Works :
The
Fle
a
《跳蚤》
Holy Sonnet 10
《圣十四行诗之
10
》
Conceit(
奇喻
):
An
elaborate
and
surprising
figure
of
speech,
comparing
two
very
dissimilar
things.
Unit 5 The
Eighteenth Century 1688-1780
The Age of
Classicism
1
.Alexander Pope
(
英雄双行诗
-heroic couplet)
Works:
Essay on
Criticism
It expresses his Neo-classic
in poetry.
2
、
Jonathan Swift
乔纳森
斯威夫特（
the rise of
novel
）
Satirical
prose
(
讽刺性散文
)
:
“A Tale of Tub”
《一只桶的故事》
“A
Modest
Proposal”
《一个温和的建议》
:
His
pity
for
the
oppressed
受压迫的
,
ignorant,
populous
人口稠密的
,
and
hungry
Catholic
天主教徒
peasants
of
Ireland;
his
anger
at
the
rapacious English landlords
2. Masterpiece:
Gulliver
’
s
Travels
《
格利佛游记
》
Lilliput
《小人国
》
Brobdingnag
《大人
国》
Laputa
《拉普他岛》
Houyhnhnms
《慧骃国》
3
、
Daniel Defoe
丹尼尔
笛福
英国小说家
Works
：
Robison
Crusoe
《鲁滨逊漂流记》
Robinson
Crusoe
:
a
hero
，
an
invader
,
a
colonist.
The
hero
is
typical
of
the
rising
English
bourgeois class,
practical and diligent.
Defoe beautifies colonialism and Negro
slavery.
Main
idea
: A typical 18th-century English
middle-class
（中产阶级）
man, with great capacity for
work,
inexhaustible
energy,
courage,
patience
and
persistence
in
overcoming
obstacles,
in
struggling
against
hostile
natural
environment.
He
is
the
very
prototype(
模范
)
of
the
pioneer
empire
builder
（
扩张主义者先锋）
.
In describing Crusoe, Defoe glorifies human labor
and Puritan
fortitude, which save
Crusoe from despair and are a source of pride and
happiness.
Moll
Flande
rs
《摩尔
弗兰德斯》
:
It
is
written
in
an
autobiographical
form
called
memoir.
Defoe introduces, for the first time,
a lowly woman
as the subject
of literature
4
、
Samuel
Richardson
理查森（
1689-1761)
1.
Pamela
《
帕姆拉
》
:
first example of the
epistolary novel(
书信体小说
)
,first mature novel to be
written in
English
2
、
Epistolary
novel
: a novel of letters; written to
teach lesson; the first accepted in eight century
in Britain by Samuel
Richardson.
In a
series of Familiar Letters from a Beautiful Yong
Damsel to Her Parents
(1740)
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