英美文学考研陶洁《美国文学选读》考研真题

英美文学考研陶洁《美国文学选读》考研真题

一、

本杰明?富兰克林

1.1

复习笔记

I. Introduction to author

（作者简介）

Benjamin Franklin (1706

—

1790) was a rare genius in human history. He

became everything: a printer, postmaster, almanac maker, essayist,

scientist, inventor, orator, statesman, philosopher, political economist,

ambassador,

—“

Jack of all trades.

”

本杰明·富兰克林

(1706

—

1790)

是人类历史上少有的天才。他是出版家、邮政总

长、历书作者、散文家、科学 家、发明家、演说家、政治家、哲学家、政治经济

学家、大使等等。

1. Life

（生平）

He was born into a poor family. He was a voracious reader. At 16 he

published essays under the pseudonym Silence Dogood. At 17 he ran

away to Philadelphia to make his own fortune. He became a printer. He

helped found the Pennsylvania Hospital, an academy which led to the

University of Pennsylvania, and the American Philosophical Society. He

was a preeminent scientist of his day. He signed the Declaration of

Independence. He was one of the makers of the new nation.

富兰克林出生于一个贫穷的家庭。他非常勤奋 好学。

16

岁时开始以笔名“静行

善” 发表评论文章。

17

岁时只身逃往费城谋生。后成为出版商。他 帮助建立了

宾夕法尼亚大学的前身——宾夕法尼亚医学院和北美哲学学会。他也是当时著

名的科学家。他签署过《独立宣言》。他是美国的缔造者之一。

2. Major works

（主要作品）

Poor Richard

’

s Almanac(1732)

《穷理查历书》（或译《格言历书》）

The Autobiography(1771

—

1790)

《自传》

Ⅱ

. Selected works

（选读作品）

◆

The Autobiography

《自传》

1. Main content

（主要内容）

It depicted the background of Benjamin Franklin, including his studying

in his young age and his experiences of work. And his achievement in

politics, science and economy were also mentioned in this book.

There are four parts in this book. The first part is the experiences of his

first 25 years of his life. The second part, written in Paris, is the

accomplishments on science and the cause of public affairs. The third

and fourth part, written in Philadelphia, is the record of his life from 25 to

51-year- old.

这本书主要记叙了本杰明的成长经历，

包括年少时的 读书及工作经历。

书中也讲

述了他在政治、科学及经济领域取得 的成就。

本书共有四部分。第一部分讲述了他一生前