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Islamic Art and the Book
第一段分析
●
概述书籍已经成为伊斯兰艺术的代表
◇纸和字体的发展
◇出书人地位的提高
◇书的种类变多
第二段分析
●
介绍造纸技术传入伊斯兰世界的过程以及纸张的优势
第三段分析
●
介绍纸张进步所带来的影响
◇书籍变得便宜
◇艺术创作的空间变大
第四段分析
●
圆形字体的发展过程
文章结构分析
第
1
题
解析：非真实信息题。答案
C
?
原文信息为
The mosque of Marrakech
in Morocco is known as the
Kutubiyya,
or Booksellers’ Mosque, after the adjacent
market.
而不是
They were sold
primarily near mosques.
迷惑选项
?
?
A
对应原文信息为
Books
became major vehicles for artistic expression,
B
对应原文信息为
but
after that date a wide range of books were
produced for a broad spectrum of
patrons.
D
对应原文信息为
Most were made for
sale on the open market, and
cities
boasted special souks (markets) where books were
bought and
sold
?
第
2
题
解析：词汇题。答案
D
?
sponsored
意为
“
资助，赞助
”
故选
D: supported
A vis
ited
意为
“
参观，拜访
”
B owned
意为
“
拥有
”
C praised
意为
“
称赞，赞扬
”
迷惑选项
?
?
?
第
3
题
解析：词汇题。答案
B
?
adjacent
意为
“
附近的，临近的
”
故选
B: nearby
A major
意为
“
主要的，重要的
”
C ancient
意为
“
远古的，古代的
”
< br>
D well-known
意为
“
众所周知的
”
迷惑选项
?
?
?
第
4
题
解析：真实信息题。答案
D
?
原文信息为
This came about from
two major developments: paper
became
common, replacing parchment as the major medium
for writing
迷惑选项
?
A
与原文相矛盾，原文信息为
but
after that date a wide range of books
were produced for a broad spectrum of
patrons
即在
A.D.
900
才有更广
范的话题
?
B
与原
文相矛盾，
原文信息为
Before A.D. 900,
manuscripts of the Koran
seem to have
been the most common type of book produced and
decorated
即在
A.D
900
之前有
book produced and
decorated
?
C
与原文相矛盾，原文信息为
rounded scripts
were regularized and
perfected so that
they replaced the angular scripts of the previous
period
即
A.D
900
之前是使用
angular scripts
第
5
题
解析：修辞目的题。答案
C
?
该信息为例子起支持论证的作用，
服务的对象为
Most were made for
sale
on the open market, and cities
boasted special souks (markets) where
books were bought and
sold
即为说明
book
markets
的作用
迷惑选项
?
?
A,D
原文无提及该信息
B
原文提及该信息
Some of the most
luxurious books were specific
commissions made at the order of a
particular prince and signed by the
calligrapher and
decorator
但与被提问的信息无关系
第
6
题
解析：词汇题。答案
A
?
extracted from<
/p>
意为
“
从
…
当中提取，从
…
当中抽取
< br>”
故选
A
：
taken out of
B produced using
< br>意为
“
使用
…
< br>生产
”
C
discovered in
意为
“
在
…
发现
”
D combined with
意为
“
与
…
混合
”
迷惑选项
?
?
?
第
7
题
解析：句子简化题。答案
B
?
原句分为两层，
< br>因果关系。
第一层：
纸张很快传到了埃及但是在取代羊皮
卷的古兰经之前过了
5
个世界。
第二层：
原因是宗教艺术和参与者的保守
的本
质。
迷惑选项
?
A
句内
信息的杂糅，原文信息是经过几个世纪取代羊皮卷的古兰经而不
是
It was several centuries before papermaking
techniques spread to
faraway
?
C
修改
原文的语意范围，
原文信息是纸张用于记录古兰经，
而不是
it was
not widely used by
artists for centuries
D
包含原文未提及的信息，原文无提及
probably at
the request of
conservative
practitioners
?
第
8
题
解析：非真实信息题。答案
C
?
原文无提及该信息。
A
对应原文信息为
Writing in ink on
paper, unlike parchment, could not
easily be erased, and therefore paper
had the advantage that it was
difficult
to alter what was written on it
迷惑选项
?
?
B
对应原文信息为
Paper is thinner than
parchment, so more pages
could be
enclosed within a single volume
D
对应原文信息为
Although paper was
never as cheap as it has
become today,
it was far less expensive than parchment, and
therefore
more people could afford to
buy books.
?
第
9
题
解析：修辞目的题。答案
C
?
该信息起解释说明的作用，服务的对象为
These
large sheets meant that
calligraphers
and artists had more space on which to work.
Paintings
became more complicated,
giving the artist greater opportunities to
depict space or emotion
迷惑选项
?
A,D
原文无提及该信息
?
B
原文
提及该信息，
但是与
Although paper was
never as cheap as it has
become
today
但与被提问信息无关
第
10
题
解析：真实信息题。答案
B
?
与原文信息
This in turn allowed
the easy transfer of artistic ideas and
motifs over great distances from one
medium to another, and in a
different
scale in ways that had been difficult, if not
impossible, in the
previous
period
相符
迷惑选项
?
A,C,D
原文均无提及该信息
第
11
题
解析：真实信息题。答案
B
?
与原文信息
Around the year 900,
Ibn Muqla, who was a secretary and
vizier at the Abbasid court in Baghdad,
developed a system of
proportioned
writing. He standardized the length of alif, the
first letter of
the Arabic alphabet,
and then determined what the size and shape of all
other letters should be, based on the
alif.
相符
迷惑选项
?
A
偷换概念，原文信息为
developed a system
of proportioned
writing
而
不是选项描述的
He
modified a set of formal scripts
C,D
原文无提及该信息
?
第
12
题
解析：词汇题。答案
A
?
composed of
意为
“
由
…
组成，由
…
构成
”
故选
A: made up of
B
developed from
意为
“
从
…
发展起来
”
C in addition
意为
“
此外
…”
D similar to
意为
“
与
…
相似
”
迷惑选项
?
?
?
第
13
题
解析：句子插入题。答案
C
?
被插入句子前接
This
change
的具体内容。
后接
for
good
reasons.
的具体
内容
第
14
题
Islamic books from A.D. 900 to 1500
reflect major changes from the past
and
important innovations.
●1 ●3
●5
Answer
Choices:
became major
vehicle of artistic expression for calligraphers
and painters, and the subjects of books
expanded to include more and
more kinds
of works.
?
解析：书籍变为艺术表达的工具以及包含更多话题的图书。
growing luxuriousness of books meant
that the market for them
was
increasingly dominated by the wealthy and powerful
patrons who
could afford
them.
?
解析：原文无提及
the market for them
was increasingly dominated by
the
wealthy and powerful patrons
it was
learned from Chinese prisoners, the technique of
papermaking spread throughout Islamic
lands, where paper gradually
replaced
parchment.
?
解析：纸张技术的快速扩展以及纸张最终取代羊皮卷
high status enjoyed by calligraphers
and artists made books
extremely
popular in the cities where books were bought and
sold.
?
解析：细节性质选项
popularity of books led to major advances in the
development and
transfer of new
artistic ideas.
?
解析：书籍的流行带来的影响
the year 900, a set of rounded styles of Arabic
handwriting
began replacing angular
scripts in copying the manuscripts of the
Koran.
?
解析：细节性质选项
The
Development of Steam Power
第一段分析
●
概述英国的能源短缺的情况：木材的短缺
第二段分析
●
概述英国用煤取代短缺的木材
第三段分析
●
介绍为了克服煤炭短缺的问题而带来了蒸汽机的出现
第四段分析
●
瓦特改良了蒸汽机的设计
第五段分析
●
介绍瓦特蒸汽机在许多领域的应用
第六段分析
●
诸多技术的进步带来了英国制铁工业的发展
文章结构分析
第
1
题
解析：推理判断题。答案
B
?
因果类
i
nfer
，
原文信息为
Because
of the growth of population, most of the great
forests of medieval Britain had long
ago been replaced by fields of grain and
hay
即因为人口增长，森林被农田给替代。
迷惑选项
?
A,C,D
原文均无提及该信息
第
2
题
解析：真实信息题。答案
B,D
?
与原文信息
Vast forests enabled
Russia to become the world’s leading
producer of iron, much of which was
exported to Britain.
以及
But
Russia’s
potential for growth was
limited too, and in a few decades Russia would
reach
the barrier of inadequate energy
that was already holding England
back
相符
迷惑选项
?
A
偷换概念，原文信息为
by
1740 the British iron industry was stagnating.
即英
国的钢铁业已经停滞，而俄罗斯则进入
be
come the world’s leading producer of
iron
?
C
原文无提及该信息
第
3
题
解析：词汇题。答案
B
?
abundant
意为
“
丰富的，大量的
”
故选
B: plentiful
迷惑选项
A reliable <
/p>
意为
“
可信的，可靠的
< br>”
C well-preserved
意为
“
保存很好的，完好保存
”
D existing
意为
“
存在的，现存的
”
?
?
?
第
4
题
解析：修辞目的题。答案
D
?
该信息为例子，起支持论证的作用。服务的对象为
Coal
was first used in Britain
in the late
Middle Ages as a source of heat
迷惑选项
?
A,B,C
原文均无提及
第
5
题
解析：非真实信息题。答案
A
?
原文无提及该信息。
迷惑选项
B,C,D
对应原文信息为
Both
engines were extremely inefficient. Both burned
coal to produce steam, which was then
used to operate a pump
相符
?
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