-
【
本讲教育信息
】
<
/p>
一
.
教学内容：
如何做“对划线部分提问”
二
.
教学目
标：
如何做“对划线部分提问”，
即
掌握变特殊疑问句的技巧和方法，
练习特殊疑问句的句
型变化。
三
.
经典讲解：
“
对划线部分提问”是一种常见的句型转换题型，
这类题实际上就是将所给的陈述句变
为特殊疑问句。解这类题通常分三步完成：首先选准疑问词；然后改为一般疑问句语序；最<
/p>
后抄写剩余部分。
e.g.:
He is a doctor.
What is he?
（一）注意疑问词的选择
疑问词有：
what
（什么）
，
who
（什么人、
谁）
，
whose
（谁的）
，
where
（什么地方）
，
when
（什么时
间）
，
why
（为什么）
，<
/p>
how
（什么样，怎么）
, which
（哪个）
；以及由它们扩展出来的一些疑
问词组，
即由两个或两个以上的单词组成疑问部分：
what
time
时间，
how
old
年龄，
how
long
多长、多久，
how
many
多少，
how much
多少
、价钱，这些是问时间、年龄、数量、价钱的，
how soon
，
多久，
问时间；
还有
what + kind of
（询问种类）
，
whose+
东西，
which one<
/p>
，
which+
东西，等等。
1.
问“谁”用
who
或
whom
。
如：
Li Lei is a doctor.
Who is
a doctor
？
（对主语提问用
w
ho
，
对宾语提问用
who
，
whom
均可）
2.
问“谁的”用
< br>whose
。如：
This is hisbook.
Whose book is
this
？
3.
问“地点”用
where
。如：
The ball is under the
bed.
Where is the
ball
？
4.
问“原因”用
why
。如：
He didn’t come
because he was
ill
. Why didn’t
he
come
？
5.
问“身体状况”用
how
。如：
I’m
fine.
How are
you
？
6.
问“方式”用
how
。如：
He did it
in that
way.
How did he do
it
？
7
.
问“程度”用“
how
＋被修饰语”
。如：
The river is five metreswide.
How wide is the
river
？
8.
问“多少”用
how
much
或
how
many
。如：
I have a lot of
money.
How much money do
you
have
？
He has been
to Shanghai threetimes.
How many times
has he been to Shanghai
？
9.
问“多久”用
how
long
或
how
soon
。
如：
He has stayed here for ten days. How
long has he
stayed
here
？
He will be back in two hours.
How soon will he be
back
？
（
how long
指动作或
状态发生了多久；
how
soon
指动作或状态还有多久将会发生）
10.
问“动作的发生频率”用
how
often
。如：
I watch TV
twiceevery week.
How often do
you watch TV every
week
？
11.
问“哪个”用
which
或<
/p>
what
。如：
I like this oneamong these three.
Which do you like
among
these three
？
I like Englishbest. What do you like
best
？
12.
问“什么”用
what
。如：
There is a bookon the desk.
What’s on the
desk
？
13.
问“职业”用
what
。如：
My father is a
teacher.
What’s your
father
？
14.
问“颜色”用
what
colour
。如：
An orange is
orange.
What colour is an
orange
？
15.
问“星期几”用
what
day
。如：
Today is
Friday.
What day is
today
？
16.
问“几月几日”用
what.
. . date
。如：
Today is July
1st.
What’s the date
today
？
17.
问“时间”用
when
或<
/p>
what
time
。
如：
I go there
in the morning.
When do you go
there
？
It is
four o’clock.
What time is
it
？
（
w
hen
既可对点时间提问，也可对年、月、日等时间提
问；
what time
通常只对点时间提问）
为了便于大家理解与记忆，
老师把<
/p>
what, who, whose, which, where,
how
作了详细的例句
说明：
1)
what
引导的各种特殊疑问句。
(1)
—
What’s
this/that in
English?
这个／那个用英语怎么说？
—
It’s a
ruler.
是一把尺子。
(2)
—
What’s one
and two?
一加二等于多少？
—
It’s
three.
等于三。
(3)
—
What are
these/those?
这些／那些是什么？
—
They are
apples.
是苹果。
(4)
—
What can you
see in the
picture?
你在图画里能看见什么？
—
I can see a lot of people
in it.
我能看见许多人。
(5)
—
What’s the
time?
现在几点了？
—It’s
five twenty.
五点二十分。
(6)
—
What colour
is the car?
这辆车是什么颜色的？
—
It’s
red.
红色的。
(7)
—
What is his
job?
他是干什么的？
—
He is a
worker.
他是个工人。
2)
who
引导的特殊疑问句。
(1)
—Who’s this?
这是谁？
—
This is
Lily.
这是莉莉。
(2)
—Who’s the girl on the
chair?
坐在椅子上的那个女孩是谁？
—She’s Lucy’s
sister.
她是露西的妹妹。
(3)
—Who’s on duty
today?
今天谁值日？
—
Han Mei
is.
是韩梅。
3)
whose
引导的特殊疑问句。
(1)
—
Whose is
this knife?
这把刀是谁的？
—It’s his.
是他的。
(2)
—
Whose coats
are these?
这些是谁的上衣？
—
They are
theirs.
是他们的。
4)
which
引导的特殊疑问句。
(1)
—
Which food
do you like?
你喜欢哪种食物？
—
I like eggs and
meat.
我喜欢蛋和肉。
(2)
—
Which man is your
uncle?
哪位男士是你叔叔？
—
The one in the white
car.
在白色小汽车里面的那一位。
5) where
引导的特殊疑问句。
(1)
—Where’s
Jim?
吉姆在哪儿？
—He’s
at home.
他在家里。
(2)
—Where’re Lucy’s
books?
露西的书在哪里？
—
They are in her
bag.
在她的书包里。
6)
how
引导的特殊疑问句。
(1)
—
How are
you?
你好吗？
—I’m
fine, thank you.
我很好，谢谢。
(2)
—
How often do
you go fishing?
你经常去钓鱼吗？
—
Twice a
week.
一周两次。
(3)
—
How do you spell
it?
它是如何拼写的？
—
B-double O-K.B
，<
/p>
O
，
O
，
K
。
(4)
—
How old are
you?
你几岁了？
—I’m
ten.
我十岁。
(5)
—
How many birds can you see
in the picture?
你在图画中能看到多少只鸟？
—
I can see five.
我
能看见
5
只。
【
典型例题
】
一、选择正确的单词填空
(who,
where, when)
_____ is that pretty girl?
She is my sister.
_____ are Jack and
Tom? They are behind you.
_____ do you
go to school? I go to school from Monday to
Friday.
_____ has a beautiful flower?
John has a beautiful flower.
_____ are
they? They are my parents.
_____ is my
mother? She is in the living room
_____
are you going? We are going to the
bakery(
面包坊
).
_____ do Jim and Wendy play ball? They
play ball in the afternoon.
_____ does
he jog? He jogs in the park.
_____ are
you from? I’m from Changchun city.
【
答案
】
Who, Where, When, Who, Who, Where,
Where, When, Where, Where
二、对划线部分提问，填入适当的疑问词。
1. They are cleaning their classroomnow
.
_____ are they cleaning
now ?
2. He often has supper at home.
____ does he often have
supper ?
3. They will come back in a
minute .
______ _____ will
they come back ?
4. I got up at sixthis
morning .
____ ____ did you
get up this morning ?
5. He finished
the book last Sunday .
_____ did he finish the book ?
6. I didn’t go to school
because I had a bad cold
.
_____ didn’t you go to school ?
7. You’d better take
the No.
3 bus .
______ _____ had I
better take ?
8. He’s feeling
well .
_____ _____ he feeling ?
9. The boy on the bike is my friend .
____ _____ is your friend ?
10. He
comes to China once a year .
_____ ____ does he come to
China ?
were drawing a horsewhen I
came in .
_____ were they
doing when I came in ?
12. It’ll
be windy tomorrow .
____ will the weather be
like tomorrow ?
13. The capital of
America is Washington D.C..
____ is the capital of America ?
14. Hundreds of people died in the war
. _____ _____ people died in the war ?
watches TV every night. ____ _____ does she watch
TV ?
’s
about ten kilometers
away from here .
_____ _____ is it from here ?
blouse costs two hundred yuan .
_____ _____
does the blouse cost ?
often go out
for a walk in the evening.
_____ ____ you often go out for a walk
?
【
答案
】
1. What
2.
Where
3.
How soon 4. What time
5. When
6.
Why
7.
Which
bus
8.
How
is
9.
Which
boy
10. How often
11. What
12. What
13. What
14. How many
15.
How often
16. How far
17. How much
18. When do
（二）如何把句子变为一般疑问句。
1
、动词
be
的疑问式
将陈述句变为一般疑问句时，如句中有
be
动词（
am, is, are …
）时，可直接将它
们
提至主语前，即一律将动词
be
的适当形式置于句首。如主语为
第一人称，应将其改
为第二人称。如：
I’m in Class 2Grade 1. →
Are you in Class 2Grade
1
﹖
We’re watching
TV. →
Are you watching
TV
﹖
You are
right.
→
Am I
right?
我是对的吗？
I am
feeling better today.
→
Are you feeling better
today?
你今天感觉好些了吗
?
He is always late for school.
→
Is he always
late for school?
2
、情态动词的疑问式
陈述句中有情态动词（
can, may,
must …
）时，也可直接将它们提至主语前，即可成为
一般疑问句。
He can swim n
ow. →Can he
swim now
﹖
The
children may come with us. → May the children come
with us
﹖
I can
speak English. →Can you speak
English?
你会说英语吗？
You must finish the work at once. →Must
I finish the work at
once?
我必须马上完成工作
吗？
3
、实义动词的疑问式
陈述句中只有一个实义动词作谓语且其时态为一般现在时时，
变为一般疑问句
时
要在句首加
do
或
< br>does
，主语后的实义动词用原形。如：
I like these animals. →Do you like
these animals
﹖
She wants to go to the movies. → Does
she want to go to the
movies
﹖
4
、动词
have
的疑问式
动词
have
根据不同的人称和时态可以有
have, has
的形式，<
/p>
可以用作实义动词或助动词，
分以下情况讨论：
< br>
①用作实义动词表示状态，如表示拥有、患病或用于
have
to
表示“必须”等。在构成
疑问式时
可以直接将
have,
has
置于句首，也可根据情况在句首使用
do, does,
他有什么话要说吗
?Has he anything to
say? /Does he have anything to say?
你必须这么快就走吗
?Do you have to
leave so soon? /Have you to leave so soon?
②用作实义动词表示动作，如表示“吃
(=eat)
”
、“喝
(=drink)
”、“拿
(=
take)
”、“收
到
(=recei
ve)
”、
“度过
(=spend)<
/p>
”等，
构成疑问式时不能将
have
提前至句首，
而应在句首使
用
do, does
。
Does he have breakfast at
home?
他在家吃早餐吗？
Do
you have a good time at the
weekend?
你周末玩得高兴吗？
【
典型例题
】
一、将下列句子变成一般疑问句
1.
His father is an English teacher.
___________________________?
2. These
cats are crying. ___________________________?
3. They can swim.
___________________________?
4. I like
to read English. ___________________________?
5. I go to school on foot.
___________________________?
6. He
likes English. ___________________________?
7. His father goes to work by bus.
___________________________?
8. He is
crying under the tree.
___________________________?
9. His
birthday is on the twentieth of November.
___________________________?
10. Mrs.
Li and Kitty are in a big shop.
___________________________?
11. Kitty
is wearing her new uniform.
___________________________?
12. The
boy under the tree is hungry.
___________________________?
13. He
goes to school every day.
___________________________?
14. I want
to have a model car. ___________________________?
15. She wants a cup of coffee.
___________________________?
16. Mrs.
Li and Kitty watch television at night.
___________________________?
17. I do
my homework after school.
___________________________?
elephant’s ears are big.
__________________________?
19.I can sing and dance.
___________________________?
二、将下列每组词各组成一句特殊疑问句
1. (you are how).
_________________________?
2. (old how
Ben is)_________________________?
3.
(colour is what your
shirt)_________________________?
4.
(can see what the on you desk )
________________________?
5. (like what
do you)_________________________?
【
答案
】
一、
1. Is his
father an English teacher?
2. Are these
cats crying?
3. Can they swim?
4. Do you like to read English?
5. Do you go to school on foot?
6. Does he like English?
7.
Does his father go to work by bus?
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