英美国家概况下学期复习

名词解释

Agribusiness

The

new

farming

has

been

called

“agribusiness”,

because

it

is

equipped

and

managed

like

an

industrial business with a set of inputs into the processes which occur on the farm and outputs or

products which leave the farm.

Puritanism (173)

Which

stresses

predestination

,

original

sin

,

total

depravity

,

and

limited

atonement

or

the

salvation of a selected few who would receive God`s grace.

The Lost Generation (182)

Which refers to the young

American writers caught up in the war and cut off from the old values

yet unable to come to terms with the new era when civilization has gone mad .

The beat movement (185)

The

word

“

beat

”

suggests

a

non- conformist

,

rebellious

attitude

toward

conventional

values

concerning sex , religion and the American way of life , an attitude that results from the feeling of

depression

and

exhaustion

and

the

need

to

escape

into

an

unconventional

, communal

mode

of

life .

The Joy Luck Club

Focus

on

the

relationship

between

mother

and

daughter

.

In

her

works

,

Tan

deals

with

the

characters

'

conflicting

emotions

,

which

are

associated

with

being

native-born

Americans

of

Chinese

ancestry

.

Amy

Tan

,

her

fiction

weaves

back

and

forth

through

time

and

individual

perspectives , and her characters seek redemption

, forgiveness and peace .

Cultural mosaic

People

of

diverse

origins

and

communities

are

free

to

preserve

and

enhance

their

own cultural

heritage while participating as equal partners in Canadian society .

Firestick farming

Australian

used

fire

as

a

hunting

tool .

They

cleared

areas

using

fire

in

order

to

stimulate

the

growth

of

grazing

pastures

and

drive

out

small

animals

that

they

could

easily

capture .

This

method is called

Australian-New Zealand Army Corps (NAZAC)

During the First World War , the Australian troops , joined by New Zealand forces , were called

the

Australian-New

Zealand

Army

Corps .

ANZAC

Day

,

is

one

of

Australia'

s

most

important

national holidays to honor all those Australians who died in military conflicts .

Three electoral systems

Which

are

important

in

Australia

namely

the

simple

majority

system

,

the

preferential

representation system and the proportional representation system . The simple majority system is a

straightforward from of voting whereby the option with a simple majority of votes wins . Under

the preferential representation system , voters number the candidates on the ballot paper in

选择题

1

、

The modern American economy progressed from

colonial economy

to

farming economy

，

and

eventually

，

to

industrial economy

。

2

、

Chartered

companies

were

NOT

granted

the

diplomatic

authority

by

the

British

King

or

Queen

。

3

、

President Johnson tried to build a

“

Great Society

”

by

introducing various programs like the

following except

Unemployment Pension

。

4

、

The

following

statements

are

all

true

except

Agribusinesses

maintain

a

balanced

pattern

between agricultural

imports and exports.

5

，

American Motors

is not

one of

the three giants in the American automobile industry

。

6

，

At

present

，

U.S.

exports

account for

10%

of the world

’

s total.

7,higher education in the

United States began with the founding of

Harvard university

。

8

，

Of the following

，

decide which student to

enroll

is Not the responsibility

of the board of

trustees

in U.S. institutions .

9

、

To get a bachelor

’

s degree ,all undergraduate students are required to do the following except

working for communities

。

10. Of the following universities,

Massachusetts institute of technology

has NOT cultivated any

American Presidents yet.

11,

Los

Angeles

Times

is

sold

especially

to

the

upper

or

upper- middle

class

and

it

has

a

reputation for its serious attitude and great bulk

。

12

，

The National

Day of

the

United States falls on July 4

th

.

13,Of

the

following

writers

，

Benjamin

Franklin

&

Jonathan

Edwards

are

from

the

colonial and revolutionary periods

。

14, Of

the

following ,

Nature

is

NOT Nathaniel Hawthorne

’

s work .

the

following

writers

,

Herman

Melville

is

NOT

included

in

the

group

of

naturalists .

16, Fitzgerald

’

s finest novel

is

The

Great

Gatsby

,and its theme is about

the

American

Dream

.

17,Of the following books ,

The Sound and the Fury

is NOT written by Ernest Hemingway.

18. Canada became the world's fourth largest industrial nation (

after world war II

) .

19. The Liberal government led by Mackenzie King did the following to lay the foundations of the

Canadian welfare state except (

introducing health insurance

) .

20. Pierre Trudeau retired from his post as head of the government and party leader partly because

(

he had not been able to reverse the declining economic trend

)

21.(

The Meech Lake Accord

)recognized Quebec as a

's

Liberal

government

tried

to

do

the

following

but

to

(

give

the

Quebec

City

sovereignty

).

23. In each province,

a Lieutenant Governor

represents the British Crown.

influence of

the New Democratic Party

has declined gradually in Parliament in today

’

s

Canada.

applicants meet the basic requirements for an immigrant they need to do the following except

applying for citizenship

.