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精神分析复习大纲
题型：
单选题
30
分；
简答题：
30
分
案例分析
10
分
论述题
30
分
1
、极端退缩：
退缩什么时候使用？
overstimulated or distressed
导致退缩产生的家庭养育原因？
Experiences
of
emotional
intrusion
or
impingement
by
caregivers
and
other
early
objects
can
reinforce
withdrawal;
conversely,
neglect
and
isolation
can
also
foster
that
reaction by leaving a child dependent on what he
or she can generate internally
for
stimulation
主要使用退缩防御的人格？
Schizoid personality styles
退缩的弊端？
The
obvious
disadvantage
of
withdrawal
is
that
it
removes
the
person
from
active
participation in
interpersonal problem solving.
退缩的优势？
The main
advantage of withdrawal as a defensive strategy is
that while it involves a
psychological
escape from reality, it requires little distortion
of it
能否举例说明，
在你的人
生经历中，
不由自主使用极端退缩的例子？一般性的、
非极端的
退
缩有吗？
2
、否认
否认的内在机制？
Denial
lives on automatically in all of us as our first
reaction to any catastrophe; the
initial response of individuals who are
informed of the death of someone important
to
them
is
typically
“Oh,
no!”
This
reaction
is
the
shadow
of
an
archaic
process
rooted
in
the
child’s
egocentrism,
in
which
a
prelogical
conviction
that
“If
I
don’t
acknowledge it, it
isn’t happening” governs experience.
什么时候可以说否认发生了？
Experiences of rapture and overwhelming
exhilaration, especially when they occur in
situations
in
which
most
people
would
perceive
some
negative
aspects
to
their
circumstances, are similarly assumed to
reflect the operation of denial
否认的好的功能是什么？
A
person whose feelings get hurt in situations in
which it is inappropriate or unwise
to
cry
is
more
likely
to deny the hurt
feelings
than
to
acknowledge them
fully and
inhibit the crying response
consciously. In crises or emergencies, a capacity
to deny
emotionally
that
one’s
survival
is
at
risk
can
be
lifesaving:
Denial
may
permit
the
most realistically
effective and even heroic actions.
否认的坏的功能？
An
acquaintance
of
mine
refuses
to
get
annual
Pap
smears,
as
if
by
ignoring
the
possibility of cancer she can magically
avoid it. Spouses who deny that their abusive
partner is dangerous, alcoholics who
insist they have no drinking problem, mothers
who
ignore
the
evidence
of
sexual
molestation
of
their
daughters,
elderly
people
who will not give up
a driver’s license despite obvious
impairment—
all are familiar
examples of denial at its
worst
成熟防御机制中的否认是什么表现的？
Take,
for
instance,
the
consoling
belief
that
the
person
who
rejected
you
really
desired
you
but
was
not
ready
for
a
full
a
conclusion
includes
denial that one was
rejected as well as the more sophisticated excuse-
making activity
that we refer to as
rationalization.
主要使用否认防御机制的人格可能是什么？
hypomanic
成人否认的好处？
screen
out and transform painful affects for long periods
of time
举例说明，在你的人生经历中有不由自主地使
用否认防御机制的例子。
3
、全能控制：
为什么说心理等同时候就是全能控制？