-
高二英语阅读理解专项训练
100(
附答案
)
含解析
一、高中英语阅读理解
1
．
阅读理解
Dogs were living as companions to
the early settlers of North America over 10,000
years ago.
The oldest domestic dogs in
the Americas were thought to be around 9500 years
old. Angela Perri
of Durham University,
UK, and her colleagues have carried out fresh
radiocarbon dating on the
two
dog
skeletons
that
gave
this
date,
discovered
in
the
prehistoric
Koster
site
in
Illinois,
and
found they were even
older: around 10,100 years old.
A third dog from another Illinois
site called Stilwell II was older still, at 10,190
years old. That
makes it the oldest
known domesticated dog in the Americas. The team
concluded that all three
dogs
were
domesticated
as
they
skeletons
were
complete
and
unskinned,
and
so
hadn't
been
butchered
for
food.
They
had
also
been
carefully
buried,
evidence
they
were
valued
by
their
owners.
The
Stilwell
II
dog,
which
probably
resembled
a
small
English
settler,
was
under
what
seemed to be the floor of a living
area. It is unclear why it took so long for tame
dogs to arrive in
the Americas, given
that they were domesticated at least 14,000 years
ago in Eurasia. By this time,
people
were already moving into North America from
Siberia; there is evidence some reached
Chile 18,500 years ago. Geneticists
have found signs of at least three waves of
migration over the
following
millennia.
There
is
no
evidence
that
domestic
dogs
accompanied
them.
“We
don't
know if dogs were part of the first
waves of immigration to the
Americas
Ghent University in Belgium.
is
they may not have had
Pennsylvania State
University.
（
1
）
How
old is the oldest known domestic dog in the
Americas7
A.
About 9500 years.
B. About
10,100 years.
C. 10,190 years.
D. 18,500 years.
（
2
）
The
underlined word
A. killed
B. bought C.
trained D.
raised
（
3
< br>）
What
is
the
attitude
towards
when
tame
dogs
arrived
in
the
Americas
in
the
last
three
paragraphs?
A. Undoubted. B.
Unsure. C. Indifferent.
D. Unconfident.
（
4
）
What is the main topic of
this passage?
A.
The earliest domestic dog in the Americas.
B. The first dog arriving in the
Americas.
C. How dogs were
domesticated in the Americas.
D. When the oldest dog was found in the
Americas.
【答案】
（
1
）
C
（
2
）
A
（
3
）
B
（
4
）
A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文
，介绍了大概一万年以前就在北美成为人类伙伴的狗
的种类。
（
1
）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的
“A
third
dog
from
another
Illinois
site
called
Stilwell
II
was
older
still,
at
10,190
years
old.
That
makes
it
the
oldest
known
domesticated
dog
in
the
Americas.”
可知，美洲最古老的家犬有
10,190
年。故选
C
。
（
2
）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的
“The
team
concluded
that
all
three
dogs
were
domesticated as they skeletons were
complete and unskinned, and so hadn't been
butchered for
food. They had also been
carefully buried, evidence they were valued by
their owners. ”
研究小组
得出的结论是，这三
种狗都是被驯化的，因为它们的骨骼是完整的，没有皮肤的，所以没
有被宰杀作为食物。
他们也被仔细地埋葬了，证据表明他们是被主人重视的。关键词
buried
，可知划线词的意思是
“
杀死
”
，故选
A
。
（
3
）考查推理判断。根据第二
段中的
“It is unclear why it took so long
for tame dogs to arrive
in the
Americas, given that they were domesticated at
least 14,000 years ago in Eurasia.”
可知，<
/p>
对到达美洲的驯服的狗态度是不确定。故选
B
。
（
4
）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的
“Dogs were living as
companions to the early settlers of
North America over 10,000 years ago.
The oldest domestic dogs in the Americas were
thought to
be around 9500 years old.”
可知，美洲有最早的家犬。故选
A
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四
个题型的考查，是一
篇科普类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下
文的逻辑关系，进行
分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
2
．
阅读理解
You can either travel
or read, but either your body or soul must be on
the way. The popular
saying
has
inspired
many
people
to
read
or
go
sightseeing.
Traveling
just
like
reading,
is
a
refreshing journey from the busy world.
Books, brain food, can keep you company on your
travel.
On the Road, 1957,
by Jack Kerouac
The
book
is
a
globally
popular
spiritual
guide
book
about
youth.
The
main
character
in
the
book drives across the US continent
with several young people and finally reaches
Mexico. After
the exhausting and
exciting trip, the characters in the book begin to
realize the meaning of life.
The book
can be a good partner with you to explore the
United States.
Life is
Elsewhere, 1975, by Milan Kundera
Jean-Jacques Rousseau once said,
tells
a
young
artist's
romantic
but
miserable
life,
about
how
he
reads,
dreams,
and
has
a
relationship. Experience the artist's
passionate life in the
book during a
trip to Central Europe.
The book
invites you to deeply reflect on your current
life.
The Stories of
Sahara, 1967, by Sanmao
The book narrates the author's simple but
adventurous life in the Sahara Desert, which seems
a
desolate
and
dull
place.
The
fancy
natural
scenery
and
life
there,
along
with
the
author's
romantic
and
intensive
emotion,
will
inspire
you
to
explore
the
mysterious
land.
Reading
the
book
is like participating in a dialogue with the
author, who is sincere and humorous.
Lotus, 2006 by Annbaby
This
novel
set
in
Tibet,
tells
three people's
stories, each
with
their
unique
characteristics.
It
reveals modern people's emotions and
inner life, their confusion about love, and
exploration of
Buddhism. The book is a
good partner to bring you to the sacred land
Tibet.
（
1
< br>）
Which book is about the exploration
of life value through a journey?
A. On the Road.
B. Life is Elsewhere.
C. The Stories of Sahara.
D. Lotus.
（
2
）
Whose book could be
the most suitable for your trip to Germany?
A. Jack Kerouac's.
B. Sanmao's. C. Annbaby's.
D. Milan Kundera's.
（
3
）
What can we learn from
the text?
A.
Lotus is a religious book exploring Tibetan
Buddhist culture.
B. On the
road advises a classic route for driving across
the US.
C. The stories of
Sahara records its authors' own life in the
desert.
D. Life is Elsewhere
demonstrates Jean-Jacques Rousseau's own
life.
【答案】
（
1
）
A
< br>
（
2
）
D
（
3
）
C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文
，推荐了几本适合在旅行途中阅读的书。
< br>（
1
）考查细节理解。根据
On
the Road, 1957, by Jack
Kerouac
部分中的
“After the
exhausting
and exciting trip, the
characters in the book begin to realize the
meaning of life.”
可知，在那令人
筋疲力尽
的旅行之后，书中的人物开始意识到生命的意义，故选
A
。
（
2
）考查细节理解。根据
The
Stories
of
the
Sahara,1967,
by
S
anmao
部分中的
“Experience
the artist's passionate life in the
book during a trip to Central Europe”
可知
，
Germany
（德国）
是属于
Central Europe
（中欧）的，故选
< br>D
。
（
3
）考查推理判断。根据
Life
is
Elsewhere,
1975,
by
Milan
Kundera
部分中的
“The
book
invites you to
d
eeply reflect on your current life.”
可知，本书引导人们对当前生活进行深刻地
反思，故选
C
。
< br>【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需
< br>要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
3
．
阅读理解
Japan has made a lot of noise in
recent years about removing the traditional view
that women
should stay at home while
men go out to work. So it was shocking when, on
August 7th, Tokyo
Medical University
(TMU), a distinguished medical school, admitted
marking down the test scores
of female
applicants to keep the ratio of women in each
class below 30%.
Their
defence was that women are more likely to drop out
to marry and have children. To judge
female
applicants
to
medical
school
purely
on
their
academic
performance
would
leave
Japan
with a shortage of doctors, they said.
The admission has caused outrage.
banks
and
trading
firms,
where
stamina
(
耐力
)
and
loyalty,
qualities
somehow
associated
with
men, are prized,
government
that has promised to make women
more
workers rather than on genuine concern for
women.
Shinzo
Abe,
the
prime
minister,
says
he
wants
to
bring
millions
more
women
into
the
workforce to make up for a labour
shortfall caused by its ageing and declining
population. In the
field
of
politics,
the
record
under
Mr.
Abe's
premiership
(
首相任期
)
is
disappointing.
Just
two
members
of his 20-strong cabinet are women, including
Seiko Noda, in charge of women's rights.
Ms. Noda, who makes little secret of
her ambition to beat Mr. Abe in a leadership
contest next
month,
has
just
published
a
book
called
the
Future
her
public
declaration
for
pulling
Japan into line with
（
1
）
According to the passage, what has
aroused the public's shock and rage in Japan?
A. Women
being
more
likely
to
drop
out
of
school
to
marry
and
have
children.
B. TMU
judging female applicants to medical
school merely on their test score.
C. TMU putting a lower grade on female
applicants to keep a low percentage of women in
each
class.
D. Japan
tending
to
abandon
the
traditional
view
that
women
should
stay
at
home
while men go out to work.
（
2
）
What
do we know about Seiko Noda?
A. She is quite likely to
win the leadership contest.
B.
She never fails to show her ambition in
public.
C. She
is
the
only
female
member
in
Abe's
cabinet.
D. Her newly released
book
the
Future
（
3
）
What does the passage
mainly talk about?
A. Doctoring has long been a male field
in Japan.
B. Professions like
banking and trading are
tailored to
men.
C. Shinzo
Abe
performed
poorly
in
dealing
with
labour
shortfall.
D.
Discrimination
against
women
in careers in Japan is a big concern.
<
/p>
【答案】
（
1
）
C
（
2
）
B
（
3
）
D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文
，介绍了最近的日本尤其是医药大学对女性性别的歧
视，使社会一片哗然，这一性别歧视
现象让日本政府陷入窘境。
（
1
）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的
“So it was
shocking when, on August 7th, Tokyo Medical
University
(TMU),
a
distinguished
medical
school,
admitted
marking
down
the
test
scores
of
female
applicants to keep the ratio of women in each
class below 30%.”
在
8
月
7
日，当声望卓
著的医学院
——
东京医科大学承认压低了女性申请者的
考试分数，以将每个班级中女生的
比例维持在
30%
以下时，社会一片哗然。故选
C
。
（
2
）考查细节理解。根
据最后一段中的
“Ms
. Noda, who makes
little secret of her ambition to
beat
Mr.
Abe
in
a
leadership
contest
next
month,
has
just
published
a
book
called
‘Grab
the
Future’, her public declaration for
pulling Japan into line with ‘global standards’”
可知，野田毫不
掩饰她在下个月的竞选中击败安倍的野心。她刚刚还
出版了一本名为《抓住未来》的书，
根据她的言行可知，她在公众场合表达自己的雄心，
故选
B
。
（
3
）考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，本文主要叙述了最近日本尤
其是医药大学对女性性别
的歧视，使社会一片哗然，这一性别歧视现象让日本政府陷入窘
境，出现了很大的问题。
故选
D
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一
篇社会类阅读，考生需
要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行概括和归纳，从而选出正
确答案。
4
．
阅读理解
Oil is essential for modern life.
About 64 percent of the world's oil is located in
the Middle East,
but the heaviest
consumers of oil are Europe, America, and Japan.
The problem lies in getting the
oil
from the countries that produce it to the
countries that consume it. This is mainly done
using
oil
tankers.
Usually
the
oil
is
shipped
safely
and
with
no
problems,
but
occasionally
there
is
a
disaster.
Every
year
millions
of
tons
of
oil
are
spilled
into
the
ocean.
Although
this
is
only
a
small
percentage
of
the
total
amount
shipped
around
the
world
each
year,
this
spilled
oil
can
have
terrible effects on
ocean life, including the coastlines where the oil
washes up onto shore.
One of the worst oil spills in history occurred
along the Alaskan coastline in 1989, when the
Exxon Valdez tanker ran aground off the
coast of Alaska, spilling 42 million liters of
oil. Although it
wasn't the largest oil
spill, the disaster was terrible because it
occurred in such a sensitive natural
area. In this spill, the tanker's
captain, who was tired from overwork and drinking
alcohol, had
gone to take a rest. He
gave control of the ship to another sailor, who
was unfamiliar with the
route. The ship
ran onto Bligh Reef. Damaged by the reef, the ship
leaked oil out into the ocean.
More
than 1,600 kilometers of coastline were affected
by the oil spill. Many birds and otters died
as a result of the oil covering their
skin, and many other sea creatures and the animals
that fed on
them were also severely
affected.
（
1
）
Which country is NOT among the
largest consumers of oil?
A. Japan
B. Iraq C. America
D. Germany
（
2
）
What does the underlined “them”
refer to?
A. The birds. B. The otters.
C. The sea creatures. D. The birds and
the otters.
（
3
）
Which of the following
statement is true?
A. The oil leak of Alaska is because
the captain was unfamiliar with the route.
B. Many birds
and otters
died from eating the spilled oil.
C. Alaska spill was the most serious
spill of all time.
D. Although
some oil leak is not serious,
it will
affect ocean life.
【答案】
（
1
）
B
（
2
）
C
（
3
）
D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文
，讲述了一次严重的油船漏油事件。
（
1
）考查细节理解。根据第一段可知，最大的耗油国为欧洲的国家，美国和日本。
Iraq“
伊
拉克
”
不属于其中之一，故选
B
。
（
2
）考查细节理解
。根据第三段可知，很多以海洋生物为食的动物也都因为油船漏油而受
到了影响。故选<
/p>
C
。
（
3
）考查推理判断。根据第三段可知，
A
选项的漏油事件是由于船长劳累和喝酒去休息
了，另一个水手不熟悉
路线而造成的。
B
选项不是死于吃油，而是死于羽毛被油粘住了
。
C
选项
Alaska
漏油事件并非史上最严重的。故选
D
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅
读，考生需
要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
5
．
阅读理解
Buck did not know that
there was trouble ahead, Trouble for every dog
with strong muscles
and warm long hair,
from Seattle to southern California. Some men had
found a yellow metal in
the Arctic
darkness, and thousands of other men were rushing
there. These men wanted dogs
that were
heavy, with strong muscles for working hard and
furry coats to protect them from the
cold.
Buck
lived at a big house in a sunny valley in
California which was owned by Judge Miller. He
was neither a house dog nor a kennel
(
狗窝
) dog. The whole of Judge
Miller's land was his. Buck
was
king
—
king over all the
crawling, flying things of Judge Miller's lands,
humans included.
His
father, Elmo, had been the Judge's inseparable
companion. And when he died, Buck took
his father's place. He was not so
large
—
he weighed only sixty
kilogram
—
for his mother,
Shep,
had
been
a
Scottish
sheepdog.
Hunting
and
other
outdoor
activities
had
hardened
his
muscle,
and swimming had
made him healthy.
This
was Buck in the autumn of 1897, when the discovery
of gold in the Klondike brought Men
from
everywhere
to
the
frozen
north.
But
Buck
did
not
read
the
newspapers.
And
he
did
not
know that Manuel one of
the gardeners helper, was not a good man. Manuel
gambled (
赌博
) and
wasted the little money he had. No one
saw him and Buck go off on what Buck thought was a
walk. No one saw them arrive at the
railway station where Manuel sold Buck to a man
who was
waiting for him.
After two days ho was cried off the
train in Seattle into a small, high-walled yard.
There a fat
man in a red sweater broke
open the cage with a small axe (
斧头
)
，
while holding a club
(
棍棒
) in
the other
hand. When there was a big enough opening, Buck
jumped out like a red-eyed devil,
straight
at
the
fat
man.
But
in
mid-air,
just
as
his
teeth
were
going
to
close
on
the
man,
he
received
a shock that he had never felt before. It turned
him over and onto the ground. He had
never been struck by a club in his
life, and he did not understand. He was smashed
down a dozen
times.
Buck saw that he stood no chance
against the man with the club. He had learned the
lesson,
and for the rest of his life he
never forgot it. It was his introduction into the
world of primitive law.
In the end a small man called Perrault paid three
hundred dollars for him, and he was led away
with Curly, a good-natured Newfoundland
dog.
（
1
）
What kind of dogs did the gold-
seekers want?
house dogs with yellow hair.
long-haired dogs.
nt dogs with yellow hair
ar kennel dogs.
（
2
）
Buck was proud
of himself for the following reasons, EXCEPT that
______.
was
king over all living things of Judge Miller's
lands
became the Judge's
inseparable companion after his father's
death
had a good life with
many outdoor activities to get strong and
healthy
was wanted by gold-
seekers thanks to his strong muscles and long
hair
（
3
）
Which of the following statements is
true according to the passage?
Miller owned a big house
and a large piece of land in the
Klondike.
bought and sold
Buck because he needed money to support his
life.
fat man cruelly beat
Buck with a club to teach him how to fight
back.
's introduction into
the word of primitive law was obeying the fat
man.
（
4
）
What can be the suitable title for
the excerpt?
into Trouble
against a
Man
from Trouble
e in a Man
【答案】
（
1
）
B
（<
/p>
2
）
D
（
3
）
D
（
4
）
A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文
，讲述了一只名为巴克的狗的遭遇。
（
1
）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的
“Trouble
for
every
dog
with
strong
muscles
and
warm
long
hair,
from
Seattle
to
southern
California.
These
men
wanted
dogs
that
were
heavy,
with
strong musc
les for working
hard and furry coats to protect them from the cold
.”
可知，从西雅图
到南加州，每一条长着结实的肌肉和温暖的
长毛的狗都会在劫难逃。这些寻金人需要的
是，高大强壮，有强壮的肌肉，能吃苦耐劳且
皮毛可以帮助他们抵御寒冷的狗。所以淘金
者需要的是强壮的长毛狗。故选
B
。
< br>（
2
）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的
< br>“Buck was king—
king over all the
crawling, flying things
of Judge
Mil
ler's lands, humans included.”
可知，巴克是国王
——
统治着
Judge Miller
领地上所
有爬行、飞行的东西，包
括人类。所以
A
选项是巴克自豪的原因；第三段中的
“His
father,
Elmo,
had
been
the
Judge's
inseparable
companion.
And
when
he
died,
Buck
took
his
father's
place. Hunting and
other outdoor activities had hardened his muscle,
and swimming had made
him
he
althy.”
他的父亲艾尔莫一直是
Judge
Miller
形影不离的伙伴。他死后，巴克接替了他
父亲的位置。打猎和其他户外活动锻炼了他的肌肉，游泳使他身体健康。所以
B,C
两项是
巴克自豪的原因。故
D
项不是巴克自豪的原因。故选
D
。
（
3
< br>）考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段中的
“But in
mid
-air, just as his teeth were going
to close
on the man, he received a
shock that he had never felt before, It turned him
over and onto the
ground.
He
had
never
been
struck
by
a
club
in
his
life,
and
he
did
not
understand.
He
was
smashed down a dozen tim
es.”
可知，就在它的牙齿要碰到他的皮肤时，那人用棒子给了它一
< br>下，这还是有人头一次用棒子打他，他不知所措。它被打倒在地。它被木棒打了
1
0
几次；
以及倒数第四段中的
“Buc
k saw that he stood no chance against the man with
the club.”
可知，
巴克看到，它再也站不起来对抗他
的木棒。所以巴克被打，无力反抗只能屈服于这个胖
人。由此判断出，巴克的丛林法则就
是屈服于这个胖人。故选
D
。
（
4
）考查
主旨大意。根据第一段中的
“Buck
did
not
know
that
there
was
trouble
ahead,
Trouble
for
every
dog
with
strong
muscles
and
warm
long
hair,
from
Seattle
to
southern
California.”
可知，巴克不知道前面会遇到麻烦，从西雅图到南加州，每一条长着结实的肌肉
和温暖的长毛的狗都会在劫难逃以及下文对于巴克的具体遭遇可知，短文最佳的标题为
“
陷
入麻烦
”
。
故选
A
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需
要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
6
．
阅读理解
Destination Travels
78 Soho St,
New
York, NY
Dear Ms
Pierce,
Thank you for
trusting Destination Travels for your honeymoon
plans. This letter includes all
the
information regarding the flights and
accommodation arrangements we have already agreed
on.
Date
Flight
No.
Place/Time
Depart
Place/Time
Arrive
Puerto Rico Int.
Airport 9:00AM
August
6
UA 674
New York, JFK 6:30 AM
August 15
UA
673
Puerto Rico Int. Airport
1:00 PM
New York, JFK 3:30
PM
On arriving at Puerto
Rico Int, Airport, a representative of The
Caribbean Hotels &Resorts will
be
waiting for you in order to transfer you to the
hotel. The transfer to and from the airport is
offered by the hotel as part of your
honeymoon package. The reservation has been made
for a
nine-night
stay
under
your
future
husband's
last
name.
The
price
of
the
newlyweds'
suite
includes breakfast and
one more meal at the hotel restaurant. You can
also use all of the hotel
facilities
—
pool,
gym, sauna, etc. for free as part of your
honeymoon package. In addition, you can
take scuba diving or snorkeling classes
with the hotels trained staff at a reduced
price
—
40% off.
Thank you for choosing Destination
Travels. We guarantee your honeymoon with us will
be an
unforgettable experience.
To
aid
us
in
improving
our
service,
please
visit
our
website
at
www.
and complete the
questionnaire.
Destination Travels wish you all the
best.
Sincerely.
Rebecca Simms
Customer Service Manager
Destination Travels
< br>（
1
）
After
arriving at Puerto Rico Int, Airport, the couple
can get directions from ________.
A. a Destination Travels
Manager' B. an official of
New York City Hall
C. a
tourist information desk
D. a hotel worker
（
2
）
What service is offered
by the hotel at no extra cost to the newlywed
couple?
A. The
snorkeling classes.
B. The airport express
service.
C. A one-night
stay.
D. The air tickets.
-
-
-
-
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-
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