-
英语阅读理解
(
人物故事
)
试题类型及其解题技巧
一、高中英语阅读理解人物故事类
1
．
阅读理解
PTSD(
战后创伤
)
is
sadly
a
common
affliction(
折磨
)
for
many
soldiers
who
have
witnessed
conflict, an
invisible wound that continues to cause incredible
suffering long after the guns have
fallen silent.
Marino, a veteran
(
退伍兵
)of the Iraq war who
suffered the effects of PTSD of suicide
.
and went
outside for a final cigarette in the rain. But
then, from the deepest depth of despair
came hope. Meowing out of the bushes
next to him came a stray black and white kitten
(
小猫
)
which,
according to Marino,
him. I came to
life again and I broke down crying. I burst into
tears.
From
this
accidental
encounter
everything
changed.
Marino
found
a
new
purpose
in
life
through the friendly cat, who he named
Scout, and who he credits with saving his life.
thinking about all my problems, and
started thinking about all his problems, and what
I could do
to help him,
，
but that wasn't the end of
the
story.
Marino has made a video of his and Scout's
remarkable story of healing and heartbreak which
you can watch on the Internet. The
story is dedicated to showing how animals can help
humans
through tough times, as well as
humans can help them. It is a beautiful story that
is sure to tug at
your heart strings,
showing just how powerful the bond between humans
and animals can be.
We love it, and we
hope you do too!
（
1
）
What can we get from the
first two paragraphs?
A. Taking part in the Iraq war had bad
effects on Josh Marino.
B.
Josh Marino wounded badly during the Iraq
war.
C. PTSD is a kind of
disease which cannot be cured now.
D. PTSD usually happens after the
soldiers drop their guns.
（
2
）
Why
did Josh Marino suddenly burst into tears
according to the passage?
A. He just couldn't help
crying.
B. The little cat
gave him hope to treasure life.
C. The wild little cat attacked him so
badly.
D. He suddenly
realized that the cat came to help him on
purpose.
（
3
）
What is the best title for the
passage?
A.
PTSD- a disease cured by a soldier.
B. The man and the cat.
C. A rescue between a soldier and a
cat.
D. How can a cat be
used to stop suicide
【答案】
（
1
）
A
（<
/p>
2
）
B
（
3
）
C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记述文
，退伍军人
Marino
患上了
PTS
D(
战后创伤
)
，在他准备
自杀时一只小猫出现寻求他的抚摸，小猫的出现给了他生活的希望，改变了他的生活。
（
1
< br>）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的
“Josh
Marino,
a
veteran
of
the
Iraq
war
who
suffered
the
effects
of
PTSD
of
suicide”<
/p>
可知
Marino
参加了伊拉克战争，战
后患上了
PTSD
，并因为
PTSD<
/p>
的影响想自杀。这说明参加伊拉克战争对
Marino
产生了不好的影响，故选
A
。
（
2
）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的
“Meowing out of the
bushes next to him came a stray
black
and white kitten (
小猫
)
which
，
….I broke
down crying. I burst into tears.”
可知在
Marino
准备自杀的时候，一只小猫从灌木丛走出来蹭他的腿
,
让他抚摸自己。这让他又活了过来并
哭了
。由此可以推断小猫的出现给了他生活的希望，他因此而哭泣。故选
B
< br>。
（
3
）考查主旨大意。本文讲述了小猫的出现给了想要自杀的退伍军人
< br>Marino
生活的希
望，拯救了
Marino, C
项（士兵与小猫之间的救赎）最能体现本文大意，故选
C
。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考
生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
2
．
阅读理解
On Wednesday, January
13th, I performed on stage for the first time. As
someone who takes
part in so many
activities, it's extremely difficult to find the
time to be a part of any production.
For me, it was a once-in-a-lifetime
opportunity to try acting through the Senior Play
Project.
Auditions
(
试镜
)came first. They weren't
particularly difficult, more to see who may be a
better
fit tor certain roles. We were
told our roles in the various plays, and started
to work immediately.
I
was unsure of how I was as an actor, and I had to
learn a lot fast: actions, my place in the story,
my reactions, and countless other small
details... As I began to improve as an actor, I
was able to
understand my characters
better.
My first
character is a man named Roger who is a senior
advisor to a presidential candidate in a
play called
wants
to
assist
his
candidate
in
today's
tough
political
races.
He's
on
the
set
of
The
Spot,
an
advertisement for the candidate, to
make sure everything runs smoothly and that any
problems
are dealt with quickly and
efficiently.
While I had
really interesting characters, and the plays were
funny and such a great experience
to
act in, I really love the Senior Play Project for
the people. I worked with 12 other seniors who
not only loved what they were doing,
but offered help and advice throughout my entire
learning
process.
Between the lights, sounds, costume
and makeup, and plenty more, theatre is a team
sport
just like basketball or baseball.
There are no small parts; there is no one who
isn't needed. I've
learned to
appreciate live theatre, and the effort that every
person in the show, both onstage and
offstage, puts into it.
（
1
）
How
did the author feel about being in the project?
A. Lucky.
B. Tired. C. Nervous.
D. Confident.
（
2<
/p>
）
What do we know about the
character Roger?
A. He means what he says.
B. He puts up an advertisement.
C. He gives advice to the candidate.
D. He is running for president.
（
3
）
What does
the author like most about the project?
A. The people.
B. The plays.
C. The characters.
D. The costume.
（
4
）
What can be a
suitable title for the text?
A. The Senior Play Project.
B. Acting for the First Time.
C. What Makes a Good Actor.
D. A Lesson Learnt through Acting.
【答案】
（
1
）
A
（<
/p>
2
）
C
（
3
）
A
（
4
）
B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文
，作者讲述了第一次登台表演的经历。
（
1
）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的
“As
someone
who
takes
part
in
so
many
activities,
it's
extremely difficult to find the time to
be a part of any production. For me, it was a
once-in-a-
lifetime opportunity to try
a
cting through the Senior Play Project.
”
对作者来说，这是一个千载
难逢的机会，来尝试表演，从而可
以推断出，作者对于参加这个项目感到非常幸运。故选
A
。
（
2
）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的
“My
first
character
is
a
man
named
Roger
who
is
a
senior
advisor to a presidential candidate in a play
called ‘The Spot.’ He's a
short
-tempered guy
who says
what he wants and takes what he wants to assist
his candidate in today's tough political
races.”
可知，罗杰在剧中是一位总统候选人的高级顾问，从而可以推断出，
他给候选人提
供建议。故选
C
。
（
3
）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的
“While I had
really interesting characters, and the plays
were
funny
and
such
a
great
experience
to
act
in,
I
really
love
the
Senior
Play
Project
for
the
people. ”
可知，作
者最喜欢戏剧项目中的是人。故选
A
。
（
4
）考查
主旨大意。根据第一段中的
“On Wednesday, January
13th, I performed on stage for
the
first time.”
及全文内容可知，文章主要叙述作者第一次登台表演的经历。
故选
B
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅
读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推<
/p>
理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
3
．
阅读理解
If we want to find out
what kind of technology people used in the past,
we normally have to
rely
on
archaeologists
to
find
ruined
buildings
and
parts
of
tools
or
instruments
or
machines.
Archaeologists
then try to reconstruct, sometimes with the help
of computer technology, what
these
ancient buildings and objects must have looked
like, and how they might have been made.
Sometimes historians are lucky and find
an ancient document with a written description of
these
ancient buildings and
objects.
We
can
understand,
then,
why
Chinese
historians
were
so
excited
when
they
found
cave
paintings which show ancient science.
They found these paintings in the world-renowned
Mogao
Grottoes of Dunhuang City, in
Northwest China's Gansu Province. There are 500
man-made caves
and they have survived
for at least 1,600 years. Almost all of these
caves have paintings on their
ceilings
or walls and they date from the 4th to 14th
centuries. Wang Jinyu is an expert on these
cave
paintings
(also
called
frescoes)
and
he
says:
discovered
frescoes
containing
scientific
and
technological
content
in
almost
all
of
the
caves
which
have
frescoes.
What
is
remarkable
about these cave
paintings according to the Xinhua News Agency is
that they provide evidence of
and
technological
inventions
by
ancient
Chinese
in
maths,
physics,
chemistry,
astronomy,
geography,
agronomy,
architecture,
textiles,
traffic
and
transportation,
arms
and
military
equipment and medical sciences
Among the discoveries experts have
made are cave paintings showing ancient techniques
of
pottery making and wine production
and paintings showing ancient weaving machines and
then
toothbrushes! The paintings also
give some evidence of the lifestyle at the time
with, for example,
pictures of people
boiling milk over 1,000 years ago. Experts believe
that there is more evidence
to be
found, but even now the caves are a wonderful
natural museum. If the walls and ceilings of
the caves were all put together they
would form a tapestry 20 kilometers long and 2
meters high!
It won't be
possible to travel back in time-that only happens
in films-but visiting these caves
would
be the nearest experience you could get to
travelling back in time.
（
1
）
Why
were
Chinese
historians
excited
when
they
found
cave
paintings
showing
ancient
science?
A. Because they had rarely seen cave
paintings.
B. Because they
could make the place a tourist
attraction.
C. Because they
could learn about ancient science through
them.
D. Because they would
be given lots of money for the
discovery.
（
2
）
The
Mogao Grottoes of Dunhuang City______.
A. have 500 man-made
caves
B. have been there for
at most 1,600 years
C. help
us to know little about ancient science
D. have paintings on their ceilings in
every cave
（
3
）
Experts had discovered cave
paintings showing the ancient techniques of
______.
A.
pottery making and wine production
B. weaving machines and
toothbrushes
C. boiling milk
over 1,000 years ago
D. architecture and weaving
（
4
）
The
article is more likely to be selected from the
magazine ______.
A. Modern Countries
B. Business World
C. Network World
D.
Popular Science
【答案】
（
1
）
C
（<
/p>
2
）
A
（
3
）
A
（
4
）
D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文
，讲述了科学家们在中国甘肃的敦煌莫高窟的洞穴中
发现了反映古代科学的壁画。
（
1
）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的
is
remarkable
about
these
cave
paintings
according
to
the
Xinhua
News
Agency
is
that
they
provide
evidence
of
and
technological
inventions by ancient Chinese in maths, physics,
chemistry, astronomy, geography,
agronomy,
architecture,
textiles,
traffic
and
transportation,
arms
and
military
equipment
and
medical
sciences
可
知，这些壁画为中国古代在数学、物理、化学、天文，地理、建筑以及
农学等领域的科技
发明提供了证据，由此可知科学家们对此感到很兴奋的原因是他们可以
通过这些壁画了解
古代的科学，故选
C
。
（
2
）考查
细节理解。根据第二段中的
for at least
1,600 years.
可知，敦煌莫高窟有
500
个人工洞穴，故选
A
。
（
3
）考查
细节理解。根据第三段中的
the
discoveries
experts
have
made
are
cave
paintings showing
ancient techniques of pottery making and wine
production and paintings
可
知，科
学家发现壁画中展示了古代制陶和酿酒技术，故选
A
。
（
4
）考查推理判断。纵观全文可知，本文介绍了科学家们在中国甘肃敦煌莫高窟的洞穴
< br>中发现了反映古代科学的壁画，这属于科学范畴，因此文章最有可能出自科学杂志，故选
< br>D
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考
生准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
4
．
阅读理解
answer
it,
I
said
to
Sam.
Our
door
in
the
inner
city
is
constantly
knocked
on;
our
previous
door
in
the
suburbs
rarely
so.
Sam
has
a
full-time
job
and
cannot
spend
his
days
answering requests to fix leaking baths
or carry cash to the bank.
Sam opened the door and it was Mervin.
Sam
followed Mervin upstairs. Mervin pointed and
turned to let Sam look. It was a pigeon, the
most common of all birds, the bird most
likely to foul (
弄脏
) your
newly washed car. And it wasn't
flying
away. It was stamping in circles. As Sam bent to
look, Mervin coughed,
Sam asked him to repeat that.
own
number two, and now it's stuck to his
foot.
It had rained for five
days, and the bird was young. It could have been
sheltering in a wet nest
of its own
waste, which had then dried on its foot,
preventing it from flying away. The pigeon
moved in a few more circles. Sam bent
to take another look. Mervin said,
walked away.
returned with his story.
didn't
agree.
Then
he
went
to
the
garage
and
emptied
the
cardboard
box
containing
our
imported camping mats. He returned with
the gray pigeon in the box. He showed the bird to
our
children and they decided to keep
it.
They
put
its
foot
in
the
warm
water
bath
and
got
rid
of
its
waste.
Immediately
the
pigeon
erupted in a bomb of
feathers and began flying.
（
1
）
How
did the author feel about the knocks?
A. She felt bored.
B. She was frightened. C. She got excited.
D. She was surprised.
（
2
）
Why
was the pigeon moving in circles?
A. It was learning to fly.
B. It was badly injured.
C.
It got caught in the rain.
D. It was trapped by its waste.
（
3
）
What did
Sam use the cardboard box to do?
A. Shelter from rain.
B. Give it to Mervin.
C. Wash camping mats.
D. Make a nest for the bird.
（
4
）
What can we
learn about Sam from the text?
A. He was brave.
B. He was clever.
C.
He was warm-hearted.
D. He was
easy-going.
【答案】
（
1
）
A
（
2
）
D
（
3
）
D
（
4
）
C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文
，讲述了
Sam
如何救助一只鸽子。
（
1
）考查
推理判断。根据第一段中的
“
Don't
answer
it
”
及
“Sam
has
a
full
-time
job
and
cannot spend his days
answering requests to fix leaking baths or carry
cash to the bank”
可知，作
者让
Sam
不要应门，因为她对那些找
Sam
的人不断的敲门感到厌烦。故选
A
。
（
2
）考查细节理解。根据第六段中的
“It could have been
sheltering in a wet nest of its own
waste, which had then dried on its
foot, preventing it from flying away”
可知
，鸽子栖身在自己
粪便的湿窝里，其粪便在脚上晾干了，阻止它飞走。所以它是被自己的
粪便困住了。故选
D
。
（
3
）考查
推理判断。根据第八段中的
“Then
he
went
to
the
garage
and
emptied
the
cardboard box containing our imported
camping mats. He returned with the gray pigeon in
the
box. He showed the bird to our
children and they decided to keep it”
可知
，他把纸板箱倒空并
用纸箱把鸽子带回来养，所以推断出
Sam
用纸板箱做鸟巢。故选
D
。
（
4
）考查推理判断。全文介绍了
Sam
如何救助一只鸽子
，由此可以推断出
Sam
很有爱
心。故
选
C
。
<
/p>
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需<
/p>
要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
< br>
5
．
阅读理解
My First Day of
School
Fear started
taking over, I was walking into my first school in
America. I had traveled a long
distance
from India in order to join my parents, who had
been for three years, hoping America
would help my future. My father decided
that I would be better off going to school here,
so I
enrolled(
登记
)in
the local high school in my new town.
I
was
afraid
how
I
would
do.
On
the
first
day,
I
went
to
my
second
period
class
after
I
had
missed my first. With
anxiety, I reached for the door, opening it
slowly. Without paying attention
to my
classmates, I went straight to the teacher and
asked if this was the right class. With a soft
voice
he
answered.
His
voice
comforted
me
a
little.
He
gave
me
a
sheet
called
Course
Requirements, which I
would never get in India because we didn't have
anything like that. Then
he asked me to
choose where I would sit. I didn't actually want
to pick a seat. In India we had
fixed
seats, so I never needed to worry about that. I
spent the rest of the class taking notes from
the image produced by the overhead
projector. In Indian schools, we didn't use the
technology
we had. We had to take notes
as the teacher spoke.
It
was noon. I was very confused about when I would
have lunch. I went to my next class and
the bell rang as I entered. I went
through the regular process of asking the teacher
if I was in the
right class. She said,
Changing from a gentle tone to a
harsher(
刺耳的
)one, she said,
man.
I
apologized. Without another word I headed for the
cafeteria. I felt lucky because we didn't
have this in India. Every confusion
seemed like a barrier I had to get through to
reach my goal. At
the end of the day, I
was on my way to the bus which we didn't have in
India either. I spotted my
bus and sat
down inside happily. I was thinking, today wasn't
so bad.
（
1
）
The
author attended an American high school because
_______.
A. his
father preferred American schools
B. his family wanted him to have a
bright future
C. his mother
had worked in it for 3 years
D. he had been longing to leave his
homeland
（
2
）
What do we know about the
author's first day of school?
A. He went to the wrong
class for the second period.
B. He met some enthusiastic teachers
and classmates.
C. He got
the Course Requirements sheet from his
classmate.
D. He experienced
differences from the Indian schools in many
ways.
（
3
）
How
did the author feel at the end of the day?
A. Worried
B. Puzzled C. Relieved
D. Excited
【答案】
<
/p>
（
1
）
B
（
2
）
D
（
3
）
C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文
，作者从印度来到美国，在美国上高中。作者记叙了
第一天上学的经历和感受。
（
1
）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的
had
traveled…
join
my
parents…,
hoping
America
would help my
future. My father decided that I would be better
off going to school here
可知，
作
者的父母希望美国会对作者的未来有好处，在美国上学作者会更好。故选
B
。
（
< br>2
）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的
I would never get in India”“I didn't actually want to pick a seat. In India we had fixed seats
，
I
spent the
rest of the class taking notes from the image
produced by the overhead projector. In
Indian schools, we didn't use the
technology we had”
以及第六段中的
“I
felt lucky because we
didn't
have
this
in
India
可知，作者在美国上学的第一天，遇到了很多和印度不一样的
地
方。例如：自己选择座位，课程安排等。故结合选项，选
D<
/p>
。
（
3
）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的
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