-
2018
年高考题
< br>A
【
2018
·浙江卷】
In 1812, the year Charles
Dickens was born, there were 66 novels published
in Britain.
People had been writing
novels for a century
—
most
experts date the first novel to Robinson
Crusoe in 1719
—
but nobody wanted to do it
professionally. The steam-powered printing press
was still in its early
stages; the
literacy
（识字）
rate
in England was under 50%. Many works of fiction
appeared
without the name
s
of the authors, often with something like “By a
lady.”Novels, for the most part,
were
looked upon as silly, immoral, or just plain bad.
In 1870, when Dickens died, the world
mourned him as its first professional writer and
publisher, famous and beloved, who had
led an explosion in both the publication of novels
and
their readership and whose
characters
—
from Oliver
Twist to Tiny Tim
—
were held
up as moral
touchstones. Today Dickens’
greatness is unchallenged. Removing him from the
pantheon
（名人
堂）
of English literature would make about
as much sense as the Louvre selling off the
Mona
Lisa
.
How did Dickens
get to the top? For all the feelings readers
attach to stories, literature is a
numbers game, and the test of time is
extremely difficult to pass. Some 60,000 novels
were
published during the Victorian
age, from 1837 to1901; today a casual reader might
be able to
name a half-
dozen
of them. It’s partly true that Dickens’ style of
writing attracted audiences
from all walks of life. It’s
p
artly that his writings rode a wave of
social, political and scientific
progress. But it’s also that he rewrote
the culture of literature and put himself at the
center. No
one will ever know what mix
of talent, ambition, energy and luck made Dickens
such a singular
writer. But as the
200th anniversary of his birth approaches, it is
possible
—
and important for
our own
culture
—
to understand how he
made himself a lasting one.
21. Which
of the following best describes British novels in
the 18
th
century?
版权所有：中华资源库
A. They were difficult to
understand.
B. They were popular among
the rich.
C. They were seen as nearly
worthless.
D. They were written mostly
by women.
22. Dickens is compared with
the Mona Lisa in the text to stress________.
A. his reputation in France
B. his interest in modern art
C. his success in publication
D. his importance in literature
23. What is the author’s purpose in
writing the text?
A. To
remember a great writer.
B. To
introduce an English novel.
C. To
encourage studies on culture.
D. To
promote values of the Victorian age.
【答案】
21. C
22. D
23.
A
【解析】本文写于
Charles Dickens
诞辰
200
周年前夕，介绍了
Charles Dickens
在英国小说方
面的重
要贡献和深远影响。
22.
推理判断题。根据第二段
Dickens’
greatness is
unchallenged.
和列举的
Charles Dic
kens
小
说的影响可知，把他和
Mo
na Lisa
相比是为了说明
Charles Dicken
s
在英国小说方面的重要性
和
Mona
Lisa
在绘画方面的重要性是一样的，故选
D
。
23.
写作意图题。根据文中对
Charles Dickens
及其作品在英国小说史上重要性的描写，和文
章最后
But as the 200th anniversary of his birth
approaches, it is possible
—
and important for
our own
culture
—
to understand how he
made himself a lasting
one.
可知本文是写于
Charles
版权所有：中华资源库
Dickens
诞辰
200
周年前夕，由此可知作者写本文是为了纪念这位伟大的作家。故选
A
。
【点睛】
推理判断题要求在理解表面
文字的基础上，
做出判断和推论，
从而得到文章的隐含的意思和
深层的意思，
也就是通过文章中的文字信息，
< br>上下逻辑关系及事物的发展变化等已知的信息，
推断出作者没有直接表达的态度和
观点。
本文推理判断题的考法：
1.
推测文章的观点或结论。小题
1
要求判断
18
世纪英国小说的现状，根
据第一段对当时情
况的描写
nobody wanted to
do it professionally. The steam-powered printing
press was still in its
early stages;
the literacy rate in England was under 50%.Novels,
were looked upon as silly,
immoral, or
just plain bad.
可知当时印刷技术落后，人们识字率低，小说被认为是
愚蠢的不正
常的，毫无价值可言。
2.
推测作者写作目的或意图。小题
3
判断本文的写作目的，根据文中对
Charles
Dickens
及
其作品在英国小说史上重要性
的描写，和文章最后
But
as
the
200th
anniversary
of
his
birth
approaches,
it
is
possible
—
and
important
for
our
own
culture
—
to
understand
how
he
made
himself a lasting
one.
可知本文是写于
Charles Dickens
诞辰
200
周年前夕，由此推断作者写本<
/p>
文是为了纪念这位伟大的作家。
B
【
2018
·天津卷】
When I was 17, I read a magazine
article about a museum called the McNay, once the
home
of a watercolorist named Marian
McNay. She had requested the community to turn it
into a
museum upon her death. On a
sunny Saturday, Sally and I drove over to the
museum. She asked,
The
museum was free. We entered, excited. A group of
people sitting in the hall stopped
talking and stared at us.
What if they talked a long
time about a painting you weren't that interested
in? Sally had gone
upstairs. The people
in the hall seemed very
nosy(
爱窥探的
), keeping their
eyes on me with
curiosity. What was
their problem? I saw some nice sculptures in one
room. Suddenly I sensed a
man standing
behind me.
版权所有：中华资源库
Art
Museum!
震颤
). I
raced
to the staircase and called out,
艺术作品
) up
there.
pushed her toward the front door,
waving at the family, saying,
a really
nice place.
She couldn't believe how
long they let us look around without saying
anything.
The real McNay was splendid,
but we felt nervous the whole time we were there.
Van Gogh,
Picasso. This time, we stayed
together, in case anything else unusual happened.
Thirty years later, a woman approached
me in a public place.
a residence, long
ago, thinking it was the McNay
Museum?
realized
what a beautiful place I lived in. I never felt
lucky before. You thought it was a museum.
My feelings about my home changed after
that. I've always wanted to thank
you.
41. What do we know about Marian
McNay?
A. She was a painter.
B. She was a community leader.
C. She was a museum director.
D. She was a journalist.
42.
Why did the author refuse the help from the man in
the house?
A. She disliked people who
were nosy.
B. She felt nervous when
talking to strangers.
C. She knew more
about art than the man.
D. She mistook
him for a tour guide.
43. How did the
author feel about being stared at by the people in
the hall?
A. Puzzled.
B. Concerned.
C. Frightened.
D. Delighted.
44. Why did the author describe the
real McNay museum in just a few words?
版权所有：中华资源库
A. The real museum lacked
enough artwork to interest her.
B. She
was too upset to spend much time at the real
museum.
C. The McNay was disappointing
compared with the house.
D. The event
happening in the house was more significant.
45. What could we learn from the last
paragraph?
A. People should have good
taste to enjoy life.
B. People should
spend more time with their family.
C.
People tend to be blind to the beauty around them.
D. People tend to educate teenagers at
a museum.
【答案】
41.
A
42. D
43. A
44. D
45.
C
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章作者和朋友原想参观
Mc
Nay
博物馆，到了之后参观的时
候，发现很多人奇怪的看着她
，最后才发现自己误将一个私人住宅当成
McNay
博物馆。<
/p>
30
年后，
一位女士认出误撞入自己住宅
的作者，
指出正是因为作者的误撞入才让她意识到自己
住的地方
有多么美丽。
41.
细节理解题。根据文章第一段
When I was 17,
I read a magazine article about a museum
called the McNay, once the home of a
watercolorist named Marian
McNay.
可知，
Marian McNay
是一名水彩画家。故选
A
。
42.
细节理解题。
根据文章第四段
guides got on my
nerves.
可知，
导游令作者心
烦，
作者误认为屋子里的男人是位导游。
故选
< br>D
。
43.
推理判断题。根据文章第四段
The people in
the hall seemed very
nosy(
爱窥探的
), keeping
their eyes on me with curiosity. What
was their problem?
（大厅的人看起来都非常爱窥探的，
眼睛不停的好奇的看着我。他们有什么问题？）可以推断出，
作者当时感到
困惑不解。
故选
A
。
< br>
版权所有：中华资源库
【点睛】本文是叙事性的文章，
文章
有一定的趣味性，整体难度中等，
考查主要以细节理解
和推理判
断两类题型。
推理判断题属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题，
做这类题目时，
同
学们要严格依据作者所陈述的细节、
事实以及作者的措词、
态度和语气，
找出能够表
露作者
思想倾向和感情色彩的词句，
然后利用自己已获得的相关
知识进行推理判断，
从而得出符合
逻辑的结论。
如小题
3
中考查作者被人盯着看的感受，
我们需要找到文章中作者的措词
nosy
，
curiosity
和
problem
，可以推断出作者当时非常困惑不解的心理感受。
A
【
2018
·北京卷】
My First Marathon
（
马拉松
）
A
month before my first marathon, one of my ankles
was injured and this meant not
running
for two weeks, leaving me only two weeks to train.
Yet, I was determined to go ahead.
I
remember back to my 7th year in school. In my
first P.E. class, the teacher required us to
run laps and then hit a softball. I
didn’t do either well. He later informed me that I
was
＂
not
athletic
＂
.
The idea that I was
＂
not
athletic
＂
stuck
with me for years. When I started running in my
30s, I realized running was a battle
against myself, not about competition or whether
or not I
was athletic. It was all about
the battle against my own body and mind. A test of
wills!
The night before my marathon, I
dreamt that I couldn’t even find the finish line.
I woke up
sweating and nervous, but
ready to prove something to myself.
Shortly after crossing the start line,
my shoe laces(
鞋带
) became
untied. So I stopped to
readjust. Not
the start I wanted!
At mile 3, I passed
a sign:
＂
GO FOR IT,
RUNNERS!
＂
By mile
17, I became out of breath and the once injured
ankle hurt badly. Despite the pain, I
stayed the course walking a bit and
then running again.
By mile 21, I was
starving!
As I approached mile 23, I
could see my wife waving a sign. She is my biggest
fan. She never
minded the alarm clock
sounding at 4 a.m. or questioned my expenses on
running.
I was one of the final runners
to finish. But I finished! And I got a medal. In
fact, I got the
same medal as the one
that the guy who came in first place had.
版权所有：中华资源库
Determined to be myself,
move forward, free of shame and worldly
labels(
世俗标签
), I can
now call myself a
＂
marathon
winner
＂
.
36. A
month before the marathon, the author
____________.
A. was well trained
B. felt scared
D. lost hope
C.
made up his mind to run
37.
Why did the author mention the P.E. class in his
7th year?
A. To acknowledge the support
of his teacher.
B. To amuse the readers
with a funny story.
C. To show he was
not talented in sports.
D. To share a
precious memory.
38. How was the
author’s first marathon?
A.
He made it.
B. He quit halfway.
D. He walked to the end.
C.
He got the first prize.
39. What does
the story mainly tell us?
A. A man owes
his success to his family support.
B. A
winner is one with a great effort of will.
C. Failure is the mother of success.
D. One is never too old to learn.
C2[2018?
北京卷
]
A
【要点综述】
本文是一篇故事类文章
。
作者记叙了没有运动天赋的他，
在
2
0
多岁才开始长
跑，但是一次在跑马拉松比赛前夕踝关节受伤，
但他坚持不懈，最终实现了自我的故事。
36.
C
细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的
“Yet, I was
determined to go ahead”
可知，作者在马
拉松前一个月下定决心要参加马拉松比赛。故选
C
。
37. C
写作意图题。根据文章第二段中的
“He later
informed me that I was
可知，
作者
的经历证明他在运动方面并非很有天赋。故选
C
。
38. A
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段
“I was one of
the final runners to finish. But I finished!
And I got a medal. In fact, I got the
same medal as the one that the guy who came in
first place
had.”
以及前文中作者行进经过
的标志可知，虽然作者是最后到达终点的一批马拉松选手，
版权所有：中华资源库
但是他跑完了
全程。故选
A
。
39. B
主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段
“Determined to
be myself, move forward, free of shame
and worldly
labels(
世俗标签
), I can now call
myself a
可知，作者享受到了
战胜自我的快乐，认为
只要努力了就算是胜利者。故选
B
。
2017
年高考题
人物传记类
C1
[2017·
浙江卷
6
月考
]
A
Benjamin West, the father of American
painting, showed his talent for art when he was
only
six years of age. But he did not
know about brushes before a visitor told him he
needed one. In
those days, a brush was
made from camel's hair. There were no camels
nearby. Benjamin decided
that cat hair
would work instead. He cut some fur from the
family cat to make a brush.
The brush
did not last long. Soon Benjamin needed more fur.
Before long, the cat began to
look
ragged (
蓬乱
). His father said
that the cat must be sick. Benjamin was forced to
admit what
he had been doing.
The cat's lot was about to improve.
That year, one of
Benjamin's cousins, Mr Pennington,
came
to
visit.
He
was
impressed
with
Benjamin's
drawings.
When
he
went
home,
he
sent
Benjamin a box of paint
and some brushes. He also sent six engravings
(
版画
) by an artist. These
were the first pictures and first real
paint and brushes Benjamin had ever seen.
In
1747
，
when Benjamin
was nine years
old
，
Mr Pennington returned
for another visit. He
was amazed at
what Benjamin had done with his gift. He asked
Benjamin's parents if he might
take the
boy back to Philadelphia for a visit.
In the city, Mr Pennington gave
Benjamin materials for creating oil paintings. The
boy began
a
landscape
(
风景
)
painting.
William
Williams,
a
wellknown
painter
，
came
to
see
him
work.
Williams
was impressed with Benjamin and gave him two
classic books on painting to take home.
The books were long and dull. Benjamin
could read only a little, having been a poor
student. But
he
later
said
，
“Those
two books
were
my
companions
by
day,
and
under
my
pillow
at
night.”
While it is likely
that he understood very little of the
books
，
they were his
introduction to classical
paintings.
The nineyearold boy decided then that he would be
an artist.
版权所有：中华资源库
21
．
What is the
text mainly about?
A. Benjamin's visit
to Philadelphia.
B. Williams' influence
on Benjamin.
C. The beginning of
Benjamin's life as an artist.
D. The
friendship between Benjamin and Pennington.
22
．
What does the
underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 suggest?
A. The cat would be closely watched.
B. The cat would get some medical care.
C. Benjamin would leave his home
shortly.
D. Benjamin would have real
brushes soon.
23
．
What did
Pennington do to help Benjamin develop his talent?
A. He took him to see painting
exhibitions.
B. He provided him with
painting materials.
C. He sent him to a
school in Philadelphia.
D. He taught
him how to make engravings.
24
．
Williams' two
books helped Benjamin to
________
．
A.
master the use of paints
B. appreciate
landscape paintings
C. get to know
other painters
D. make up his mind to
be a painter
【文章大意】
< br>本文是一篇人物介绍类的记叙文，主要讲述了美国绘画之父本杰明
·
韦斯
特小时候绘画天赋的培养和他在
6
至
9
岁时受到的艺术启蒙教育。
21.
C
< br>主旨大意题。根据文章第一段首句
“
Benjamin
West
…
showed
his
talent
for
art
when
…”
，以及下文第四段首句提到的
“
In 1747,
when Benjamin was nine years old
…”
和最
后一段内容及最后一句
“…
< br>boy decided then that he would be an artist.
”
，并结合全文可知，
文章主要讲述了
Benjamin West (
本杰明
·<
/p>
韦斯特
)
少年时代的艺术启蒙，特别是<
/p>
6
～
9
岁阶段，
所以
C
项能概括全文大意。
版权所有：中华资源库
22.
D
句意理解题。该句需要结合上下文来理解。根据上文第二段
提到本杰明剪猫的毛
来制作画笔，导致猫的
“
< br>毁毛破相
”
，而第三段提到本杰明的堂兄
Pennington
给他送来了很
多画画的颜料和画
笔。
由此我们可以推断，
该下划线句子内容说明
“
猫的命运不久将得到改
善
”
，而这一点可以从本杰明得到了很多画笔资助推断出来。故这句话隐含着
“
本杰明将很
快不再需要用猫的毛制作画笔了，他将得
到很多真正的画笔
”
的意思，答案选
D
项。
【名师点睛】
本文后两个小题考查了细节题。在完成细节题时，要特别注意
排除干扰项。如【小题
23
】
中的
D
项“
He taught him
how to make engravings
”属于“偷梁换柱”类干扰项，根据第
三段
第五句“
He also sent six
engravings by an artist
”可知“这些版画是
Pennington
送给
Benjamin
的”
，并非是
Pennington
教
Benjamin
如何画版画，说明
D
项明显错误。
干扰项的设置方法通常有以下几种方式：
1.
张冠李戴。命题者把文章作者
的观点与他人的观点混淆起来，题干问的是作者的观点，
选项中出现的却是他人的观点；
或者题干问的是他人的观点，
却把作者的观点放到选项中去。<
/p>
2.
偷梁
换柱。干扰项用了与原文相似的句型结构和大部分相似的词汇，却在不易引人注意
的地方
换了几个词汇，造成句意的改变。
3.
无中生有。干扰项往往是生活的基本常识和普遍接受的观
点，但在原文中并无相关的信
版权所有：中华资源库
息支持点，这种选项的设置往往与问题的设问毫不相干。
4.
以偏概全。考生在做猜测文章
中心思想、给文章添加标题或判断推理题时，往往会犯以
偏概全的错误。
产生这类错误的原因是考生受思维定势的影响或考虑不周，
以局部代替整体。<
/p>
其具体表现为合理关联与不合理关联、
准确概括与不准确概括之间
的错位。
不合理关联就是
表层理解与深层理解相混淆。
表层理解是对文章中客观事实的感知和记忆，
往往是文章直接
表述的结论；深层理解则是对文章中的客观事实进行逻辑推理、总结或概括后得出的结论。
不准确概括是指不能准确地按题目要求概括或提取文中的表层或深层信息。
考点：考查记叙文阅读
故事类
[2017·
北京卷
]
A
It was a cold
March day in High Point, North Carolina. The girls
on the Wesleyan Academy
softball team
were waiting for their next turns at bat during
practice, stamping their feet to stay
warm.
Eighthgrader
Taylor
Bisbee
shivered(
发抖
)
a
little
as
she
watched
her
teammate
Paris
White play. The two didn't know each
other well
—
Taylor had just
moved to town a month or so
before.
Suddenly,
Paris
fell
to
the
ground.
“
Paris's
eyes
rolled
back
，
”
Taylor
says.
“She
started
shaking. I knew it
was an emergency.”
It
certainly was. Paris had suffered a sudden heart
failure. Without immediate medical care,
Paris would die.
At first, no one moved. The girls were
in shock. Then the softball coach shouted
out,
“
Does anyone
know CPR
？”
CPR is
a lifesaving technique. To do CPR, you press on
the sick person's chest so that blood
moves
through
the
body
and
takes
oxygen
to
organs.
Without
oxygen,
the
brain
is
damaged
quickly.
Amazingly, Taylor had just taken a CPR
course the day before. Still, she hesitated. She
didn't
think she knew it well enough.
But when no one else came forward, Taylor ran to
Paris and began
doing CPR.
“
It was scary. I knew it was
the difference between life and
death
，
”
says Taylor.
版权所有：中华资源库
Taylor's swift action
helped her teammates calm down. One girl called
911. Two more ran to
get the school
nurse, who brought a defibrillator, an electronic
device(
器械
) that can shock
the
heart back into work. Luck stayed
with them: Paris's heartbeat returned.
“
I
know
I was
really
luck
y
，
”
Paris
says
now.
“Most people
don't
survive
this.
My
team
saved my
life.”
Experts
say
Paris
is
right:
for
a
sudden
heart
failure,
the
single
best
chance
for
survival
is
having someone nearby step in and do
CPR quickly.
Today, Paris is back on
the softball team. Taylor will apply to college
soon. She wants to be a
nurse.
“
I feel more confident in my
actions now
，
”
Taylor says. “I know I can act under
pressure
in a scary
situation.”
56
．
What happened
to Paris on a March day?
A
．
She caught a
bad cold.
B
．
She
had a sudden heart problem.
C
．
She was knocked
down by a ball.
D
．
She shivered
terribly during practice.
57
．
Why does Paris
say she was lucky?
A
．
She made a
worthy friend.
B
．
She recovered
from shock.
C
．
She
received immediate CPR.
D
．
She came back
on the softball team.
58
．
Which of the
following words can best describe Taylor?
A
．
Enthusiastic
and kind.
B
．
Courageous and
calm.
C
．
Cooperative and
generous.
D
．
Ambitious and
professional.
【文章大意】
本文是一篇记叙文，
讲述了垒球女孩
Paris
在打球的过程中突然心力衰
竭，
队友
Taylor
< br>对其进行了紧急心肺复苏，
Paris
因此恢复了心跳的
故事。文章旨在说明病
人心力衰竭时，
其他人保持冷静并对其进行紧急心肺复苏的重要性。
版权所有：中华资源库
56
．
B
细节理解题。
根据第三段中
“
It
certainly
was.
Paris
had
suffered
a
sudden
heart
failure.
”
可知，
Paris
突然心力衰竭，所以答案为
B
。
57
．
C
<
/p>
推理判断题。
根据第六段可知队友的协助使
Paris
得到了及时的救助，
所以
Paris
说自己很幸运。故答案为
C
。
58
．
B
<
/p>
推理判断题。
根据第五段中
“
But when no one else came forward, Taylor ran to Paris
and began doing CPR.
”
可知
Taylor
非常的
勇敢，
以及第六段首句
“
Taylor
's swift action helped her
teammates
calm down.
”
可知，
Taylor
是一个勇敢、冷静的女孩，
所以答案为
B
。
【名师点睛】
故事类文章是高考阅读
理解常选材料之一。
这类文章常通过叙述突出人物性格特征或讲述个
人经历与感悟，以及逸闻趣事。文章的要素有时间、地点、人物、事件等。有些是按事件发
< br>展的经过为主线叙述的，在叙述的过程中有详有略；有些是按时间的顺序叙述的，有顺叙、
倒叙等。
解题技巧：
1
、
高考选
用的此类文章常常为幽默类或情感类故事，
其目的或阐明某种观点，
或抨击某种
陋习，
或赞扬某种品德，
所以要关注作者表达的个人感悟，提出的个人意见，或故事中出其
不意的变化，而这些
往往体现文章中心或写作意图，属于必考点。如本题中的第
58
题，总
结人物品质的，
Taylor
根
据自己所学的
CPR
知识及时的挽救了
Paris
的生命，虽然犹豫了，
但是
很快地进行
CPR
抢救，说明她很勇敢，很镇静，不慌不忙，不
像其他孩子那样陷入惊
慌之中，故选
B
。
2
、该类文章语言流畅、有趣，命
题往往从故事的情节、人物或事件之间的关系、作者的意
图和态度、故事的前因和后果等
方面入手，考查学生对细节的辨认能力以及推理判断能力。
这类文章同学们常有文章易懂
，
题目不易做的感觉。
要注意培养自己快速阅读的习惯。
切不
版权所有：中华资源库
可在个别难懂的词句上停留太久，耽误时间。
3
、对整篇短文内容有了一定的了解后，要马上看短文后的问题，带着问题去选
择或判
断答案。要确定所需查找的信息范围，并注意所查找信息的特点。
例如：如果问题或选项涉
及到人名、地名，就应该找首字母大写的单词；如果问
题或选项涉及时间、日期、数字，就
应该寻找具体的数据。
[2017·
全国卷Ⅰ
]
B
I
work
with
Volunteers
for
Wildlife,
a
rescue
and
education
organization
at
Bailey
Arboretum
in
Locust
Valley.
Trying
to
help
injured,
displaced
or
sick
creatures
can
be
heartbreaking; survival is never
certain. However, when it works, it is simply
beautiful.
I got a rescue
call from a woman in Muttontown. She had found a
young owl(
猫头鹰
) on
the ground. When I arrived, I saw a 2
to 3weekold owl. It had already been placed in a
carrier for
safety.
I examined the
chick(
雏鸟
) and it seemed
fine. If I could locate the nest, I might have
been
able to put it back, but no luck.
My next work was to construct a nest and anchor it
in a tree.
The homeowner
was very helpful. A wire basket was found. I put
some pine branches into
the basket to
make this nest safe and comfortable. I placed the
chick in the nest, and it quickly
calmed down.
Now
all that was needed were the parents, but they
were absent. I gave the homeowner a
recording of the hunger screams of owl
chicks. These advertise the presence of chicks to
adults;
they might also encourage our
chick to start calling as well. I gave the owner
as much information
as possible and
headed home to see what news the night might
bring.
A
nervous
night
to
be
sure
，
but
sometimes
the
spirits
of
nature
smile
on
us
all!
The
homeowner called to say that the
parents had responded to the recordings. I drove
over and saw
the
chick
in
the
nest
looking
healthy
and
active.
And
it
was
accompanied
in
the
nest
by
the
greatest sight of all
—
LUNCH
！
Th
e parents had done their duty and would probably
continue to do
so.
版权所有：中华资源库
24
．
What is
unavoidable in the author's rescue work according
to Paragraph 1?
A
．
Efforts made in
vain.
B
．
Getting
injured in his work.
C
．
Feeling
uncertain about his future.
D
．
Creatures
forced out of their homes.
25
．
Why was the
author called to Muttontown?
A
．
To rescue a
woman.
B
．
To take
care of a woman.
C
．
To look at a
baby owl.
D
．
To
cure a young owl.
26
．
What made the
chick calm down?
A
．
A new nest.
B
．
Some food.
C
．
A recording.
D
．
Its parents.
27
．
How would the
author feel about the outcome of the event?
A
．
It's
unexpected.
B
．
It's beautiful.
C
．
It's humorous.
D
．
It's
discouraging.
【文章大意】
本文是一篇记叙文。本
文主要介绍了作者救助一只小猫头鹰，给它做新
的窝，帮助它回到父母身边的故事。
25.
C
细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的
“
She
had
found
a
young
owl(
猫头鹰
)
on
the
ground.
When I arrived, I saw a 2 to 3weekold owl.
< br>”
可知，有人给作者打电话是因为有只小猫
版权所有：中
华资源库
头鹰掉在地上了，
作者赶过去看看情况。
文中并没有说小猫头
鹰受伤了，
作者只是过去看情
况，所以
D
选项错误。故选
C
。
26.
A
细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的
“
I
placed
the
chick
in
the
nest,
and
it
quickly
calmed down.
”
可知，<
/p>
在作者把小猫头鹰放在窝里之后，
它很快就平静下来，
所以是窝让小猫
头鹰平静下来的。故选
A
。
27. B
推理判断题。根据前文描述可知作者为小猫头鹰做了窝，并且帮助它找回了它的
父母。
作者的救助成功了，
说明结局是美好的。
再结合第一段的
“
However,
when it works, it is
simply beautiful.<
/p>
”
可推测，作者感觉很美好。故选
B
。
【名师点睛】
尽管近几年高考英语阅读试题中推断题呈不断上升的趋势，但细节题仍然占有较大比
例，
而且已由过去简单的对号入座直接答题转向通过语句的同义或反
义转换来考查考生对英
语语言的理解能力，因此难度比往年有所增加。
< br>
对于直接信息的细节题来说，
考生可以首先从问题中找
到关键词，
然后以此为线索，
运
用略读
及查阅的技巧在文中迅速寻找这一细节，
找到后再把这一部分内容仔细阅读一遍，
仔
细比较所给选项与文中细节的细微区别，在准确理解细节的前提下，
最后确定最佳答案。
而细节理解题是介于事实细节题和推理判
断题之间的一种题型，
做这类题目时，
考生需
< br>要对原文信息进行加工处理，然后再进行进一步的推理或鉴别，这对考生来说有一定难度。
例如第
25
题
Why
was
the
author
called
to
Muttontown?
作者为什么会被打电话喊去
Muttontown
呢？通过浏览后文考生都知道是和救助小猫头鹰有关
，
但
C
选项
T
o look at a baby
owl.
和
D
选项
To cure a young owl.
中都涉及到了“小猫头鹰”
，那到底是去“看小猫头鹰”还
是去
“治疗小猫头鹰”
呢？毕竟文章第一段
中介绍作者工作职责的句子
I work with Volunteers
for Wildlife, a rescue and education
organization at Bailey Arboretum in Locust Valley.
中出现了
版权所有：中华资源库
rescue
“救援”这个单词。再加上后文又出现
injured
，<
/p>
displaced
or
sick
creatures
等单词
，
给考生的心理暗示就是被救助的小动物都是受伤的状态。
有了
前文的暗示，
考生很有可能会
选择
D<
/p>
选项，认为作者接到电话后去
Muttontown
救助小猫头鹰。但实际上，小猫头鹰只是
掉在地面上，并没有受伤。根据这一
点，
D
选项就被排除了。所以正确答案是
C
选项。
[2017·
全国卷Ⅱ
]
B
I first met
Paul Newman in 1968, when George Roy Hill, the
director of
Butch
Cassidy
and
the
Sundance
Kid,
introduced
us
in
New
York
City.
When
the
studio
didn't
want
me
for
the
film
—
it wanted
somebody as well known as
Paul
—
he stood up for me. I
don't know how many
people would have
done that; they would have listened to their
agents or the studio powers.
The
friendship that grew out of the experience of
making that film and
The
Sting
four years
later
had
its
root
in
the
fact
that
although
there
was
an
age
difference,
we
both
came
from
a
tradition of theatre and
live TV. We were respectful of
craft(
技艺
)and focused on
digging into the
characters
we
were
going
to
play.
Both
of
us
had
the
qualities
and
virtues
that
are
typical
of
American
actors:
humorous,
aggressive,
and
making
fun
of
each
other
—
but
always
with
an
underlying affection. Those were also
at the core (
核心
)of our
relationship off the screen.
We
shared
the
belief
that
if
you're
fortunate
enough
to
have
success,
you
should
put
something back
—
he
with his Newman's Own food and his Hole in the
Wall camps for kids who
are seriously
ill, and me with Sundance and the institute and
the festival. Paul and I didn't see
each
other
all
that
regularly,
but
sharing
that
brought
us
together.
We
supported
each
other
financially and by
showing up at events.
I last saw him a
few months ago. He'd been in
and out of the and I both knew
what the deal
was
，
and we didn't talk about
was a relationship that didn't need a lot of
words.
24
．
Why was the
studio unwilling to give the role to the author at
first?
A
．
Paul
Newman wanted it.
B
．
The studio
powers didn't like his agent.
C
．
He wasn't
famous enough.
版权所有：中华资源库
D
．
The director
recommended someone else.
25
．
Why did Paul
and the author have a lasting friendship?
A
．
They were of
the same age.
B
．
They worked in
the same theatre.
C
．
They were both
good actors.
D
．
They had
similar characteristics.
26
．
What does the
underlined w
ord “that” in Paragraph 3
refer to?
A
．
Their belief.
B
．
Their care for
children.
C
．
Their
success.
D
．
Their
support for each other.
27
．
What is the
author's purpose in writing the text?
A
．
To show his
love of films.
B
．
To remember a
friend.
C
．
To
introduce a new movie.
D
．
To share his
acting experience.
【文章大意】
这是一篇记叙文。作者深情地追忆了自己和
Paul Newm
an
志趣相投、信
念相守的深厚的友情。
24.
C
推理判断题。由第一段第二句
“
When
the
studio
didn't
want
me
for
the
film
—
it
wanted somebody as well known as Paul
…”
可知，摄制组拒绝接纳
“
我
”
，因为
“
我
”
没有
Paul
有名气，由此可以推断作者当时名气不足。
25. D
推理判断题。
第二段第一句后半部分及后面的内容详细说明了作者和
Paul
的共同
志向、追求与爱好。尽管两人年龄差距很大，但是因为性格相似、志
趣相投而成为忘年交。
版权所有：中华资源库
【名师点睛】
本文前三题均考查了细节题。在完成细节题时，要特别注意排
除干扰项。
如
24
< br>题中的
A
项
“Paul
Newman wanted it.”
属于
“
颠倒黑白
”
类干扰项，根据
“
Wh
en the studio
didn’t want
me for the film—
it wanted
somebody as well known as Paul”
可知制片人不想要
我，
他想要当时比较出名的演员
Paul
，说明
A
项明显错误。
干扰项的设置方法除了
“
颠倒黑白
”
之外，通常还有以下几种方式：
1.
张冠李戴。命题者把文章作者
的观点与他人的观点混淆起来，题干问的是作者的观点，
选项中出现的却是他人的观点；
或者题干问的是他人的观点，
却把作者的观点放到选项中去。<
/p>
2.
偷梁
换柱。干扰项用了与原文相似的句型结构和大部分相似的词汇，却在不易引人注意
的地方
换了几个词汇，造成句意的改变。
3.
无中生有。干扰项往往是生活的基本常识和普遍接受的观
点，但在原文中并无相关的信
息支持点，这种选项的设置往往与问题的设问毫不相干。<
/p>
4.
以偏
概全。考生在做猜测文章中心思想、给文章添加标题或判断推理题时，往往会犯以
偏概全
的错误。
产生这类错误的原因是考生受思维定势的影响或考虑不周，
以局部代替整体。
其具体表现为合理关联与不合理关联、
准
确概括与不准确概括之间的错位。
不合理关联就是
表层理解与深
层理解相混淆。
表层理解是对文章中客观事实的感知和记忆，
往
往是文章直接
表述的结论；深层理解则是对文章中的客观事实进行逻辑推理、总结或概括
后得出的结论。
版权所有：中华资源库
不准确概括是指不能准确地按题目
要求概括或提取文中的表层或深层信息。
考点：考查记叙文阅读
[2017·
天津卷
]
B
Fifteen years
ago, I took a summer vacation in Lecce in southern
Italy. After climbing up a hill
for a
panoramic(
全景的
) view of the
blue sea, white buildings and green olive trees, I
paused to
catch my breath and then
positioned myself to take the best photo of this
panorama.
Unfortunately, just as I took
out my camera, a woman approached from behind, and
planted
herself right in front of my
view. Like me, this woman was here to stop, sigh
and appreciate the
view.
Patient as I was, after about 15
minutes, my camera scanning the sun and reviewing
the shot
I would eventually take, I
grew frustrated. Was it too much to ask her to
move so I could take just
one picture
of the landscape? Sure, I could have asked her,
but something prevented me from
doing
so. She seemed so content in her observation. I
didn't want to mess with that.
Another
15 minutes passed and I grew bored. The woman was
still there. I decided to take
the
photo anyway. And now when I look at it, I think
her presence in the photo is what makes the
image
interesting.
The
landscape,
beautiful
on
its
own,
somehow
comes
to
life
and
breathes
because this woman is engaging with it.
This photo,
with the unique
beauty that unfolded before me and that woman who
“ruined”
it,
now
hangs
on
a
wall
in
my
bedroom.
What
would
she
think
if
she
knew
that
her
figure
is
captured(
捕捉
)
and
frozen
on
some
stranger's
bedroom
wall?
A
bedroom,
after
all,
is
a
very
private space, in which
some woman I don't even know has been
immortalized(
使……永存
). In
some ways, she lives in my house.
Perhaps we all live in each others'
spaces. Perhaps this is what photos are for: to
remind us
that we all appreciate
beauty, that we all share a common desire for
pleasure, for connection, for
something
that is greater than us.
That
photo
is
a
reminder,
a
captured
moment,
an
unspoken
conversation
between
two
women, separated only by
a thin square of glass.
版权所有：中华资源库
41
．
What happened
when the author was about to take a photo?
A
．
Her camera
stopped working.
B
．
A woman blocked
her view.
C
．
Someone asked
her to leave.
D
．
A
friend approached from behind.
42
．
According to
the author, the woman was probably
________
．
A
．
enjoying
herself
B
．
losing
her patience
C
．
waiting for the
sunset
D
．
thinking
about her past
43
．
In the
author's opinion, what makes the photo so alive?
A
．
The rich colour
of the landscape.
B
．
The perfect
positioning of the camera.
C
．
The woman's
existence in the photo.
D
．
The soft
sunlight that summer day.
44
．
The photo on
the bedroom wall enables the author to better
understand ________
．
A
．
the need to be
close to nature
B
．
the importance
of private space
C
．
the joy of the
vacation in Italy
D
．
the shared
passion for beauty
45
．
The passage
can be seen as the author's reflections upon
________
．
A
．
a particular
life experience
B
．
the pleasure of
travelling
C
．
the
art of photography
D
．
a lost
friendship
【文章大意】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者本来想照一张最好的照片，结
果一位女士一直
待在那里毁了作者的想法。
后来作者把那个人照了进来，
而且还
把那张照片
挂在了卧室里。作者通过这件事意识到自己或许也是别人照片里的风景。
版权所有：中华资源库
41.
B
细节理解题。根据第二段中的
“<
/p>
Unfortunately, just as I took out my
camera, a woman
approached from behind,
and planted herself right in front of my view.
”
可知
“
我
”
刚要拍照，
突
然一位女
士从后面靠近，挡了
“
我
”
的视线。
42. A
推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句
“…
sigh and appreciate the view.
”
以及第三段
中的倒数第二句
“
Sh
e seemed so content in her observation.
”
可知这位女士沉浸在美丽的风景
中，非常满足。
43.
C
细节理解题。根据第四段中的最后一句
“
The
landscape,
beautiful
on
its
own,
somehow comes to life and breathes
because this woman is engaging with it.
”
可知
“
我
”
认为这
张照片之所以有了生命力，是因为那位女士在照片中的存
在。
44. D
< br>推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的
“…
to
remind us that we all appreciate beauty,
that we all share a common desire for
pleasure, for connection, for something that is
greater than
us.
”
可知
“
我
”
从
这张照片中更好地理解了人们对美景的共同的爱。
【名师点睛】这是一篇故事类短文，
题目设置都以细节题为主，推理判断为辅。细节题
一般就是文章出现的内容即是答案，<
/p>
也有推理判断题，
就是不是通过题干的某个单词定位到
文中能直接看出答案来的，要通过故事中所陈述的内容来推理判断。做题时不能流于表面。
可以适当运用一些解题技巧。
做推理判断题要
善于抓住某一段话中的关键信息，
即某些关键词或短语去分析、
推理、
判断，
利用逆向思维或正面推理，从而推断出这句话所隐
含的深层含义。比如
45
题，问这篇文章
是作者对
___
的思考，答案是根据最后三段内容推理出来的。
版权所有：中华资源库
2016
年高考题
< br>1.
【
2016
·全国新课标<
/p>
I
】
C
I am peter
Hodes ,a volunteer stem courier. Since
March 2012, I've done 89 trips of those
,
51 have been abroad, I have 42 hours
to carry stem
cells
（
干细胞）
in my
little box because I've got
two ice
packs and that's how long they last, in all, from
the time the stem cells are harvested
from a donor(
捐献者
)
to the time they can be implanted in the patient,
we’ve got 72 hours at
most, So I am
always conscious of time.
I had one trip last year
where I was caught by a hurricane in America. I
picked up the stem cells
in Providence,
Rhode Island, and was meant to fly to Washington
then back to London. But when
I arrived
at the check-
in desk at Providence, the
lady on the desk said: “Well, I’m really sorry,
I’ve
got some bad news for you-there
are no fights fr
om Washington.” So I
took my box and put it on
the desk and
I said: “In this box are some stem cells that are
urgently needed for a patient
-please,
please,
you’ve
got
to
get
me
back
to
the
United
Kingdom.”
She
just
dropped
everything.
She
arranged for a flight on a small
plane to be held for mere-
routed(
改道
)me through Newark
and
got me back to the UK even earlier
than originally scheduled.
For
this
courier
job,
you’re
consciously
aware
than
that
box
you’re
got
something
that
is
potentially going to save
so
mebody’s life.
of the following can replace the underlined word
“courier” in Paragraph17
A
provider
B delivery man
C
collector
D
medical doctor
does Peter have to
complete his trip within 42hours?
A. He
cannot stay away from his job too long.
B. The donor can only wait for that
long.
C. The operation needs that very
much.
D. The ice won't last any longer.
flight did the woman put Peter on
first?
A. To London
B. To
Newark
C. To Providence
D. To Washington
【答案】
29-31.B D.B
版权所有：中华资源库
【解析】
试题分析：
本文是一篇记叙文，
主要介绍了作者在一次运送造血
干细胞途中的一段经历，
表
现了人们之间的友爱。
29.B
词义猜测题。根据本段内容
I’ve done 89
trips
和
I have 42 hours to
carry stem cells in my
little box
以及第二段内容可知作者是运送干细胞的人，也就是
delivery
man
。故选
B
。
【技巧点拨】词义猜测题的答题技
巧。
1.
根据定义或上下文解释进行猜测
2.
根据同位关系
进行猜测
3.
根据构词法
(
前缀、后缀、复合、派生等<
/p>
)
进行猜测
4.
根据转折或对比关系进行
猜测。在本文中要根据上下文对作者工作的描写来推测出正确的
词义。
30.
D
细节理解题。
根据第一段第二句
I
have 42 hours to carry stem cells in my little box
because
I’ve got two ice packs and
that’s how long they last.
可知冰盒只能保持
42
小时适宜的温度。故
选
D
。
31.B
细节理解题。根据第二段末句
She arranged for a flight on a small
plane to be held for me,
re-routed me
through Newark
可知，
这位好心的女士首先安排作者去
Newark
的航班。
故选
B
。
版权所有：中华资源库
考点：故事类短文阅读
2.
【
2016
·全国新课标
II
】
B
Five years ago, when I taught art at a
school in Seattle, I used Tinkertoys as a test at
the
beginning of a term to
find out something about my students. I put a
small set of Tinkertoys in
front of
each student, and said:”Make something out of the
Tinkertoys. You have 45 minutes
today -
and 45minutes each day for the rest of
the week.”
A few students hesitated to
start. They waited to see the rest of the class
would do. Several
others checked the
instructions and made something according to one
of the model plans provided.
Another
group built something out of their own
imaginations.
Once I had a boy who worked
experimentally with Tinkertoys in his free time.
His
constructions filled a shelf in the
art classroom and a good part of his bedroom at
home. I was
delighted at the presence
of such a student. Here was an exceptionally
creative mind at work. His
presence
meant that I had an unexpected teaching assistant
in class whose creativity would
infect(
感染
) other
students.
Encouraging this kind of
thinking has a downside. I ran the risk of losing
those students who
had a different
style of thinking. Without fail one would declare,
”But I’m just not creative.”
“Do you dream
at night when you’re asleep?”
“Oh,
sure.”
“So tell me one of your most
interesting dreams.” The student would tell
something wildly
imaginative. Flying in
the sky or in a time machine or growing three
heads. “That’s pretty creative.
Who
does that for you?”
“Nobody. I do
it.”
“Really
-
at night,
when you’re asleep?”
“Sure.”
“Try doing it
in the daytime, in class, okay?”
5. The teacher used Tinkertoys in class
in order to ________?
A. know more
about the students
B. make the lessons more
exciting
C.
raise the studen
ts’ interest in art
D. teach the students about toy
design
6. What do we know
about the boy mentioned in Paragraph 3?
A. He liked to help his teacher.
B. He preferred to study alone.
C. He was
active in class.
D. He was
imaginative.
7. Wh
at does
the underlined word “downside” in Paragraph 4
probably mean?
A. Mistake.
B. Drawback.
C. Difficulty.
D. Burden.
版权所有：中华资源库
8. Why did the teacher ask the students
to talk about their dreams?
【答案】
5. A
6. D
7. B
8. A
【解析】
试题分析：本文属于记叙文，作者通过让学生拼装玩具发现并鼓励学生的创造性和想象力。
5.A
推理判断题。
根据文章第
二段可知当我把拼装式玩具放在学生面前的时候，
有些学生犹
豫
着在等着看别人如何行动，
有一些学生查看了使用说明并根据模型做出了一些东西。
而另
外一些学生则根据本人的想象力做出了一些东西。
通过观察我对不同的学生的性格有了不同
的理解。故
A
正确。
6.D
< br>推理判断题。
文章第三段第一句中提到的这个男孩在空闲时间拼装这些玩具，
而且他的
作品堆满了艺术教室的架子，家里的卧室里也有很多。第三
段倒数第三句“
Here
was
an
exceptionally creative
mind at work
”说明他是一个很有想象力和创造性的人。故
D
项正确。
【名师点睛】
本文
【小题
7
】属于词义猜测题。
我们可以根据后句
“
I ran the risk
...... thinking.
”中的“
risk
”
说明我的教育方法也有不足之处，故划线词意为“
drawback
缺点，不足”
。本题属于典型的
理由上下文语境推测。
近几年高考阅读中猜测
词义考查方法多样化，
其中根据上下文语境推测将会越来越多。
根据
上下文语境作出判断：
有时短文中出现一个需猜测其意义的
词或短语，
下面接着出现其定义
域解释或例子，这就是判断该词
或短语意义的主要依据。请看下例：
Shanghai Bashi Tourism Car
Rental Centre offers a wide variety
ofchoices
—
deluxe sedans,
minivans, station wagons, coaches,
Santana sedans are the big favorite.
从前面的
Car Rental
Center
可知出租车公司提供的只能是
cars for
rent(
出租汽车
)
，
也就
是说划线的词都是出租汽车的名称。
除此之
外，我们还可以根据转折或对比关系进行判断：根据上下句的连接词，如
but
，
版权所有：中华资源库
however
< br>，
otherwise
等就可以看到前后句在意义上的差
别，从而依据某一句的含义，来确定
另一句的含义。另外，分号
(
；
)
也可以表示转折、对比或不相干
的意义。
还可以根据因果关系进行判断：俗话说，
“有因必有果，有果必有因”
。根据原因可以预
测结果，根
据结果也可以找出原因。例如
Biggest power
failure in the city's history
．
．
．
All of our
ice
—
cream and frozen foods
melted
．
根据因果关系，停电只能导致冰淇淋和冷冻食品“融化”
，也就是
melted
。
< br>
考点：考查记叙文阅读
3.
【
2016
·北京】
< br>B
Surviving Hurricane
Sandy(
飓风桑迪
)
Natalie
Doan,14, has always felt lucky to live in
Rockaway, New York. Living just a few blocks
from the beach, Natal
ie can
see the ocean and hear the wave from her house.
“It’s the ocean that
makes Rockaway so
special,” she says.
On October 29, 2012, that
ocean turned fierce. That night, Hurricane Sandy
attacked the East
Coast, and Rockaway
was hit especially hard. Fo
rtunately,
Natalie’s family escaped to Brooklyn
shortly before the city’s bridge
closed.
When they returned to Rockaway the next
day, they found their neighborhood in ruins. Many
of
Natalie’s
friends
had
lost
their
homes
and
were
living
far
away.
All
aro
und
her,
people
were
suffering,
especially
the
elderly.
Natalie’s
school
was
so
damaged
that
she
had
to
temporarily
attend a school in Brooklyn.
In
the
following
few
days,
the
men
and
women
helping
Rockaway
recover
inspired
Natalie.
V
olunteers came with
carloads of donated clothing and toys. Neighbors
devoted their spare time to
helping
others rebuild. Teenagers climbed dozens of
flights of stairs to deliver water and food to
elderly people trapped in powerless
high-rise buildings.
“My
mom tells me
that
I can’t control what
happens to me,” Natalie says. “but I can always
choose how I deal with it.”
Natalie’s
choice was to help.
She created a website page
matching survivors in need with donors who wanted
to help. Natalie
posted
introduction
about
a
boy
named
Patrick,
who
lost
his
baseball
card
collecting
when
his
house burned down.
Within days, Patrick’s collection was
replaced.
版权所有：中华资源库
In
the coming months, her website page helped lots of
kids: Christopher, who received a new
basketball;
Charlie,
who
got
a
new
keyboard.
Natalie
also
worked
with
other
organizations
to
bring much-need supplies to Rockaway.
Her efforts made her a famous person. Last April,
she was
invited to the White House and
honored as a Hurricane Sandy Champion of
Change.
Today,
the
scars(
创痕
)of
destruction
are
still
seen
in
Rockaway,
but
hope
is
in
the
air.
The
streets
are
clear,
and
many
homes
have
been
rebuilt.
“I
can’t
imagine
living
anywhere
but
Rockaway,” Natalie declares. “My
neighborhood will be back, even stronger than
before.”
Natalie returned
to Rockaway after the hurricane ,she
found______.
friends had
lost their lives
neighborhood was destroyed
school had moved to Brooklyn
elderly were free from
suffering
ing to
paragraph4,who inspired Natalie most?
people helping Rockaway
rebuild
people trapped in
high_rise building
volunteers donating money to survivors
teenagers bringing clothing to elderly
people
did Natalie help the
survivors?
gave her toys to
the kids
took care of
younger children
called on
the White House to help
built an information sharing platform
does the story intend to tell
us?
people can make a big
difference
B.A friend in
need is a friend indeed
or
West,home is best
logy is
power
【答案】
59.B60.A61.D62.A
版权所有：中华资源库
【解析】
试题分析：
Natalie
是一个
14
岁的孩子，她生活的地方
Brooklyn
遭到了飓风桑迪的袭击，受
灾严重。看到人们在帮助家乡重建，
Natalie
也加入了进去，
Natalie
创建网站来分享求助信
息，帮助捐赠者找到需要的受助者。
Natalie
的行为得到了社会的认可和表扬。
<
/p>
59.B
段落大意题。
A
项未提及；根据第三段“
Natalie’s school was so
damaged that she had to
temporarily
attend a school in Brooklyn
”可知，学校没有搬走，而
是暂时去
Brooklyn
上学，
排除
C
；
根据
“<
/p>
people were suffering, especially the el
derly
”
排除
D
< br>；
根据
“
When they
returned
to Rockaway the next day, they
found their neighborhood in ruins.
”可知，<
/p>
他们的街区被飓风毁
了，故选
B
。
60.A
细节理解
题。
根据第四段
“
In the
following few days, the men and women helping
Rockaway
recover inspired Natalie.
”
可知，
那些帮助
Roc
kaway
恢复重建的人给了
Natalie
< br>鼓舞，
故选
A
。
61.D
细节理解题。
根据
倒数第三段
“
She created a website
page matching survivors in need with
donors who wanted to help.
”可
知，
Natalie
创建了一个网站来分享和匹配求助信息和捐
赠信
息，故选
D
。
考点：人物故事类短文阅读。
【名师点睛】
故事类文章是高考阅读
理解常选材料之一。
这类文章常通过叙述突出人物性格特征或讲述个
人经历与感悟，以及逸闻趣事。文章的要素有时间、地点、人物、事件等。有些是按事件发
< br>展的经过为主线叙述的，在叙述的过程中有详有略；有些是按时间的顺序叙述的，有顺叙、
倒叙等。
解题技巧：
1
、高考选用的此类文章常常为幽默类或情感类故事，其目的或阐明
某种观点，或抨击某种
陋习，
或赞扬某种品德，
所以要关注作者表达的个人感悟，提出的个人意见，或故事中出其
不意的变化，
而这些往往体现文章中心或写作意图，属于必考点。如本题中的第
62
< br>题：通
过
Natalie
帮助他
人的行为告诉读者小人物也可以有大作为这一道理。
版权所有：中华资源库
2
、该类文章语言流畅、有趣，命题
往往从故事的情节、人物或事件之间的关系、作者的意
图和态度、故事的前因和后果等方
面入手，考查学生对细节的辨认能力以及推理判断能力。
这类文章同学们常有文章易懂，
题目不易做的感觉。
要注意培养自己快速阅读的习惯。
切不
可在个别难懂的词句上停留太久，耽误时间。
3
、对整篇短文内容有了一定的了解后，要马上看短文后的
问题，带着问题去选择或判断答
案。要确定所需查找的信息范围，并注意所查找信息的特
点。
例如：如果问题或选项涉及到
人名、地名，就应该找首字母
大写的单词；如果问题或选项涉及时间、日期、数字，就应该
寻找具体的数据。
4.
【
2016
·天津】
B
Every man
wants his son to be somewhat of a clone, not in
features but in footsteps. As he
grows
you
also
age,
and
your
ambitions
become
more
unachievable.
You
begin
to
realize
that
your
boy, in your footsteps, could probably accomplish
what you hoped for. But footsteps can be
muddied and they can go off in
different directions.
My son Jody has
hated school since day one in kindergarten.
Science projects waited until
the last
moment. Book reports weren’t written until the
final threat.
I’ve been a
newspaperman all my adult life. My daughter is a
university graduate working
toward her
master’s degree in English. But
Jody?
When he entered the tenth grade he became a
“vo
-
tech”
student(
技校学生
). They’re
called “motorheads” by the rest of the student
body.
When a secretary in my
office first called him “motorhead”, I was
shocked. “Hey, he’s a good
kid,” I
wanted to say. “And smart, really.”
I
learned
later
that
motorheads
are,
indeed,
different.
They
usually
have
dirty
hands
and
wear dirty work clothes. And they don’t
often make school honor
rolls(
光荣榜
).
But
being the parent of a motorhead is itself an
experience in education. We who labor in
clean shirts in offices don’t have the
abilities that motorheads have. I began to learn
this when I
had my car crashed. The
cost to repair it was estimated at $$800. “Hey, I
can fix it,” said Jody. I
doubted it ,
but let him go ahead, for I had nothing to lose.
My
son
,with
other
motorheads,
fixed
the
car.
They
got
parts(
零件）
from
a
junkyard,
non-
toasting toaster have been fixed. Neighbours and
co-workers trust their car repair to him.
Since
that
first
repair
job,
a
broken
air-conditioner,
a
non-functioning
washer
and
a
版权所有：中华资源库
non-toasting toaster have
been fixed. Neighbors and co-workers trust their
car repairs to him.
These
kids are happiest when doing repairs. They joke
and laugh and are living in their own
relaxed world. And their minds are
bright despite their dirty hands and clothes.
I
have
learned
a
lot
from
my
motorhead:
publishers
need
printers,
engineers
need
mechanics, and architects need
builders. Most important, I have learned that
fathers don’t need
clones in footsteps
or anywhere else.
My son
may never make the school honor roll. But he made
mine.
41. What used to b
e
the author’s hope for his son?
A. To avoid becoming his clone.
B. To resemble him in appearance.
C. To develop in a different direction.
D. To reach the author’s unachieved
goals.
42. What can we learn
about the author’s children?
A. His daughter does better in school.
B. His daughter has got a master’s
degree.
C. His son tried
hard to finish homework.
D. His son
couldn’t write his book reports.
43. The author let his son repair the
car because he believed that_______.
A.
His son had the ability to fix it.
B.
it would save him much time.
C. it
wouldn’t cause him any more loss
D. other motorheads would come to help.
44. In the author’s eyes, motorheads
are _______.
A. tidy and
hardworking
B. cheerful and smart
C. lazy but bright
D.
relaxed but rude
45. What did the
author realize in the end?
A. It is
unwise to expect your child to follow your path.
版权所有：中华资源库
B. It is important for one
to make the honor roll.
C. Architects
play a more important role than builders.
D. Motorheads have greater ability than
office workers.
【语篇解读】
这是一篇记叙
文。
作者一开始希望自己的儿子能效仿他，
完成他没有实现的目
标。但是他的儿子学习成绩不理想，
只上了技校。
一次作者的车坏了，
儿子和同学帮助作者
修好了车，
让作者改变了自己的看法。
41.
【答案】
D
【解析】
试题分析：根据第一段的句子
You begin to
realize that your boy, in your footsteps, could
accomplish what you hoped for.
可知，作者希望儿子完成他没有实现的目标。故选
D
。
考点：考查细节理解。
42.
【答案】
A
【解析】
试题分析：
根据第三段的句子
My
daughter is a university graduate working toward
her master
’
s degree in Engli
sh
，可知，作者的女儿学习很好。故选
A
。
考点：考查推理判断。
43.
【答案】
C
【解析】
试题分析：
根据第六段的句子
I
doubted it, but let him go ahead, for I had
nothing to lose
，
可知，
作者让儿子修车，因为他觉得这不会给他带来损失。故选
C
。
考点：考查细节理解。
44.
【答案】
B
考点：考查推理判断。
45.
【答案】
A
版权所有：中华资源库
【解析】
试题分析：根据倒数第二段的句子
Most
important, I have learned that fathers
don
’
t need
clones
in footsteps or anywhere else
，可知，作者最后意识
到期望孩子走自己的道路这是
不明智的。故选
A
。
考点：考查细节理解。
【名师点睛】
这是一篇故事类短文，
题
目设置都以细节题为主，
细节题一般就
是文章出现的内容即是答
案，
也有推理判断题，
就是不是通过题干的某个单词定
位到文中能直接看出答案来的，
要通过故事中人物的语言，
动作去揣摩他们的真
正意图。做题时不能流于表面。可以适当运用一些解题技
巧。
做推理判断题要善于抓住某一段话中的关键信息，
即某些关键词或短语去分析、
推理、
判断，<
/p>
利用逆向思维或正面推理，
从而推断出这句话所隐含的深层含义。
比如这篇阅读理解的第二
题，
问：作者
的孩子是怎么样的？根据第三段的内容
My daughter is a
university
graduate working toward her
master’s degree in English. But Jody? When he
entered the tenth
grade he became a
“vo
-
tech”
student(
技校学生
). They’re
called “motorheads” by the rest of the
student body.
可知，作者的女儿正在学习硕士学
位，所以
B
是错的；而作者的儿子是一个技
校生，学习不是很好，
C
是错的；
D
项说作者的儿子不能完成报告，而文中只是说他的儿子
会拖延
，所以
D
也是错的，正确答案是通过第三段内容推理出来的。<
/p>
5.
【
201
6
·上海】
(A)
One early
morning, I went into the living room to find my
mother reading a thick book called
Best
Loved Poems to Read Again and Again
. My
interest was aroused only by the fact that the
word “Poems” appeared in big, hot pink
letters.
“Is it good?” I asked her.
“Yeah,” she
answered. “There’s one I really like and you’ll
like it, too.” I leaned forward.
“‘Patty Poem,’”
she read the title. Who is Patty?
I
wondered. The poem began:
She never
puts her toys away,
Just leaves them
scattered
where they lay,…
散乱的
①
①
The poem was just three
short sections. The final one came quickly:
版权所有：中华资源库
When she grows
and gathers poise
,
稳重
I’ll miss her
harum
-scarum
noise,
莽撞的
And look in vain
for scattered toys.
徒劳地
And I’ll be sad.
A terrible
sorrow washed over me. Whoever Patty was, she was
a mean girl. Then, the shock.
“It’s you, honey,” My
mother said sadly.
To my mother, the poem
revealed a parent’s affection when her
child grows up and leaves. To
me, the
“she” in the poem was horror. It was my mama who
would be sad. It was so terrible I
burst out crying.
“What’s wrong?”
my mother asked.
“Oh Mama,” I cried. “I
don’t want to grow up ever!”
She smiled.
“Honey, it’s okay. You’re not growing up anytime
soon. And when you do, I’ll still
love
you, okay?”
“Okay,” I was still weeping. My panic
has gone. But I could not help thinking about that
silly
poem. After what seemed like a
safe amount of time, I read the poem again and was
confused. It
all
fit
so
well
together,
like
a
puzzle.
The
language
was
simple,
so
simple
I
could
plainly
understand
its
meaning,
yet
it
was
still
beautiful.
I
was
now
fascinated
by
the
idea
of
poetry,
words
that had the power to make or break a
person’s world.
I
have
since
fallen
in
love
with
other
poems,
but
“Patty
Poem”
remains
my
poem.
After
all,
“Patty
Poem” gave me my love for poetry not because it
was the poem that lifted my spirits, but
because it was the one that hurt me the
most.
66. Why was the writer attracted
by the book
Best Loved Poems to Read
Again and Again
?
A. It was a
thick enough book.
B. Something on its cover
caught her eye.
C. Her mother was reading
it with interest.
D. It has a meaningful
title.
67. After her mother read the
poem to her, the writer felt ______ at first.
A.
sad
B.
excited
C. horrified
D. confused
68.
The writer’s mother liked to read “Patty Poem”
probably because______.
④
④
③
③
②
②
版权所有：中华资源库
A. it reflected her own
childhood
B. it was written in simple language
C.
it was composed by a famous poet
D. it gave her
a hint of what would happen
69. It can
be concluded from the passage that“Patty
Poem”leads the writer to _______.
A. discover the
power of poetry
B. recognize her love for puzzles
C. find her
eagerness to grow up
D. experience great homesickness
【答案】
66. B
67. A
【解析】
试题分析：本文属于记叙文，叙述了作者通过阅读
“Patty
Poem”
感受到诗歌的美，进而爱上
了诗。
< br>
66.B
细节理解题。
根据第一段最后一句
My
interest was aroused only by the fact that the
word
“Poems” appeared in big, hot pink
letters.
我的兴趣被激起来了，主要是因为这本书封面上的
“
Poems
”很大很红。故
B<
/p>
项正确。
67.A
细节理解题。根据
A terrible sorrow
washed over me. Whoever Patty was, she was a mean
girl.
可知当我读完这首诗的时候，我很难过。诗里的情感
让我不愿意长大。故
A
正确。
68.D
推理判断题。根据
To
my mother, the poem revealed a parent’s affection
when her child
grows up and leaves. To
me, the “she” in the poem was
horror.
It was my mama who would be
sad.
可知对妈妈来说这首诗让她想起我也会长大也会离开她，她也会因为我的离开而非常难
< br>受。所以这本书让她把未来可能发生的事情联系了起来。故
D
项正确
69.A
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“
I have since
fallen in love with other poems, but “Patty
Poem” remains my poem. After all,
“Patty Poem” gave me my love for poe
try
not because it was
the poem that lifted
my spirits, but because it was the one that hurt
me the most.
”可知这首诗
让作者感受了诗歌的美
，
让作者爱上了诗歌，
这首因为她发现诗歌有强烈的情感冲击力
。
故
A
项正确。
【名师点睛】
本文【小题
69
】属于判断推理题中的人物性格、心情处境、态度及观点等推断题
68. D
69.
A
版权所有：中华资源库
高考阅读测试中有些题目考查学生对文章作者的主导思想、<
/p>
被描写人物语气、
言谈话语中流
露的情绪
、
性格倾向和作用或文中人物的态度、
观点等方面的理解。
做这一类题时一定注意：
（
1
）由表及里地准确把握字里行间的意思，切勿用
自己的主观想法或观点代替作者的思想
观点。
（
2
）特别
注意那些描写环境气氛的语言，以及表达感情，态度观点的词语。要特别注意作
者在文章
中的措辞，尤其是感情色彩的形容词。
（
3
）能结合自己平时积累的有关英语国家的文化传统、风
俗习惯等背景知识来识别评价。
以
【
小题
69
】
为例，
根据文章最后一段
“
I have since
fallen in love with other poems, but “Patty
Po
em” remains my poem. After
all, “Patty Poem” gave me my love for poetry not
because it was
the poem that lifted my
spirits, but because it was the one that hurt me
the most.
”可知这首诗
让作者感受了诗歌的美，让作
者爱上了诗歌，这首因为她发现诗歌有强烈的情感冲击力。
考点：考查记叙文阅读
6.
【
2016
·上海】
(
A)
One early morning, I went into the
living room to find my mother reading a thick book
called
Best Loved Poems to Read Again
and Again
. My interest was aroused only
by the fact that the
word “Poems”
appeared in big, hot pink letters.
“Is it good?” I
asked her.
“Yeah,” she answered. “There’s one I
really like and you’ll like it, too.” I leaned
forward.
“‘Patty Poem,’” she read the title. Who
is Patty? I wondered. The poem began:
She never puts her toys away,
Just leaves them scattered
where they lay,…
散乱的
①
①
The poem was just three
short sections. The final one came quickly:
When she grows and gathers
poise
,
稳重
I’ll miss her
harum
-scarum
noise,
莽撞的
And look in vain
for scattered toys.
徒劳地
And I’ll be sad.
A terrible
sorrow washed over me. Whoever Patty was, she was
a mean girl. Then, the shock.
④
< br>④
③
③
②
②
版权所有：中华资源库
“It’s you, honey,” My mother said
sadly.
To my mother, the poem
revealed a parent’s affection when her
child grows up and leaves. To
me, the
“she” in the poem was horror. It was my mama who
would be sad. It was so terrible I
burst out crying.
“What’s wrong?”
my mother asked.
“Oh Mama,” I cried. “I
don’t want to grow up ever!”
She smiled.
“Honey, it’s okay. You’re not growing up anytime
soon. And when you do, I’ll still
love
you, okay?”
“Okay,” I was still weeping. My panic
has gone. But I could not help thinking about that
silly
poem. After what seemed like a
safe amount of time, I read the poem again and was
confused. It
all
fit
so
well
together,
like
a
puzzle.
The
language
was
simple,
so
simple
I
could
plainly
understand
its
meaning,
yet
it
was
still
beautiful.
I
was
now
fascinated
by
the
idea
of
poetry,
words
that had the power to make or break a
person’s world.
I
have
since
fallen
in
love
with
other
poems,
but
“Patty
Poem”
remains
my
poem.
After
all,
“Patty
Poem” gave me my love for poetry not because it
was the poem that lifted my spirits, but
because it was the one that hurt me the
most.
66. Why was the writer attracted
by the book
Best Loved Poems to Read
Again and Again
?
A. It was a
thick enough book.
B. Something on its cover
caught her eye.
C. Her mother was reading
it with interest.
D. It has a meaningful
title.
67. After her mother read the
poem to her, the writer felt ______ at first.
A.
sad
B.
excited
C. horrified
D. confused
68.
The writer’s mother liked to read “Patty Poem”
probably because______.
A. it reflected
her own childhood
B. it was written in simple
language
C. it was composed by a famous poet
D.
it gave her a hint of what would happen
69. It can be concluded from the
passage that“Patty Poem”leads the writer to
_______.
版权所有：中华资源库
A.
discover the power of poetry
B. recognize her love for
puzzles
C. find
her eagerness to grow up
D. experience great homesickness
【答案】
66. B
67. A
【解析】
试题分析：本文属于记叙文，叙述了作者通过阅读
“Patty
Poem”
感受到诗歌的美，进而爱上
了诗。
< br>
66.B
细节理解题。
根据第一段最后一句
My
interest was aroused only by the fact that the
word
“Poems” appeared in big, hot pink
letters.
我的兴趣被激起来了，主要是因为这本书封面上的
“
Poems
”很大很红。故
B<
/p>
项正确。
67.A
细节理解题。根据
A terrible sorrow
washed over me. Whoever Patty was, she was a mean
girl.
可知当我读完这首诗的时候，我很难过。诗里的情感
让我不愿意长大。故
A
正确。
68. D
69. A
69.A
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“
I have since
fallen in l
ove with other poems, but
“Patty
Poem” remains my poem. After
all, “Patty Poem” gave me my love for poetry not
because it was
the poem that lifted my
spirits, but because it was the one that hurt me
the most.
”可知这首诗
让作者感受了诗歌的美，
让作者爱上了诗歌，
这首因为她发现诗歌有强烈的情感冲击力。
故
A
项正确。
【名师点睛】
本文【小题
69
】属于判断推理题中的人物性格、心情处境、态度及观点等推断题
高考阅读测试中有些题目考查学生对文
章作者的主导思想、
被描写人物语气、
言谈话语中流
露的情绪、
性格倾向和作用或文中人物的态度、
观
点等方面的理解。
做这一类题时一定注意：
（
1
）由表
及里地准确把握字里行间的意思，切勿用自己的主观想法或观点代替作者的思想
观点。<
/p>
版权所有：中华资源库
（
2
）特别
注意那些描写环境气氛的语言，以及表达感情，态度观点的词语。要特别注意作
者在文章
中的措辞，尤其是感情色彩的形容词。
（
3
）能结合自己平时积累的有关英语国家的文化传统、风
俗习惯等背景知识来识别评价。
以
【
小题
69
】
为例，
根据文章最后一段
“
I have since
fallen in love with other poems, but “Patty
Poem” remains my poem. After all,
“Patty Poem” gave me my love for poetry not
because it was
the poem that lifted my
spirits, but because it was the one that hurt me
the most.
”可知这首诗
让作者感受了诗歌的美，让作
者爱上了诗歌，这首因为她发现诗歌有强烈的情感冲击力。
考点：考查记叙文阅读
7.
【
2016
·江苏】
D
Not
so
long
ago,
most
people
didn’t
know
who
Shelly
Ann
Francis
Pryce
was
going
to
become.
She was just an average high school athlete. There
was every indication that she was
just
another American teenager without much of a
future. However, one person wants to change
this.
Stephen
Francis
observed
then
eighteen-year-old
Shelly
Ann
as
a
track
meet
and
was
convinced
that he had seen the beginning of true greatness.
Her time were not exactly impressive,
but even so, he seemed there was
something trying to get out, something the other
coaches had
overlooked when they had
assessed her and found her lacking. He decided to
offer Shelly Ann a
place
in
his
very
strict
training
seasons.
Their
cooperation
quickly
produced
results,
and
a
few
year later at Jamaica’s
Olympic games in early 2008, Shelly Ann, who at
that time only ranked
number 70 in the
world, beat Jamaica’s unchallenged queen of the
sprint(
短跑
).
“Where did she come from?” asked an
astonished sprinting world, before concluding that
she must be one of those one-hit
wonders that spring up from time to time, only to
disappear
again without signs. But
Shelly Ann was to prove that she was anything but
a one-hit wonder. At
the
Beijing
Olympic
she
swept
away
any
doubts
about
her
ability
to
perform
consistently
by
becoming the first
Jamaican woman ever to win the 100 meters Olympic
gold. She did it again
one
year
on
at
the
World
Championship
in
Briton,
becoming
world
champion
with
a
time
of
10.73--- the fourth
record ever.
Shelly-Ann is a little
woman with a big smile. She has a mental toughness
that did not come
about by chance. Her
journey to becoming the fastest woman on earth has
been anything but
smooth and
effortless. She g
rew up in one of
Jamaica’s toughest inner
-city
communities known
版权所有：中华资源库
as Waterhouse,
where she lived in a one-room apartment, sleeping
four in a bed with her mother
and two
brothers. Waterhouse, one of the poorest
communities in Jamaica, is a really violent and
overpopulated
place.
Several
of
Shelly-Ann's
friends
and
family
were
caught
up
in
the
killings;
one
of her cousins was shot dead only a few streets
away from where she lived. Sometimes her
family didn’t have enough to eat. She
ran at the school championsh
ips
barefooted because she
couldn’t
afford
shoes.
Her
mother
Maxime,
one
of
a
family
of
fourteen,
had
been
an
athlete
herself as a young girl but, like so
many other girls in Waterhouse, had to stop after
she had her
first
baby.
Maxime’s
early
entry
into
t
he
adult
world
with
its
responsibilities
gave
her
the
determination to ensure that her kids
would not end up in Waterhouse's roundabout of
poverty.
One of the first things Maxime
used to do with Shelly-Ann was taking her to the
track, and she
was ready to sacrifice
everything.
It didn't take long for
Shelly-Ann to realize that sports could be her way
out of Waterhouse.
On
a
summer
evening
in
Beijing
in
2008,
all
those
long,
hard
hours
of
work
and
commitment
finally
bore
fruit.
The
barefoot
kid
who
just
a
few
years
previously
had
been
living
in
poverty,
surrounded by criminals and violence,
had written a new chapter in the history of
sports.
But Shelly-
Ann’s
victory was far greater than that. The night she
won Olympic gold in Beijing,
the
routine murders in Waterhouse and the drug wars in
the neighbouring streets stopped. The
dark cloud above one of the world’s
toughest criminal neighbourhoods simply
disappeared for a
few
days.
“
I
have
so
much
fire
burning
for
my
country,”Shelly
said.
She
plans
to
start
a
foundation
for
homeless
children
and
wants
to
build
a
community
centre
in
Waterhouse.
She
hopes
to
inspire
the
Jamaicans
to
lay
down
their
weapons.
She
intends
to
fight
to
make
it
a
woman’s as well as a man’s
world.
As
Muhammad
Ali
puts
it,
“
Champions
aren't
made
in
gyms.
Champions
are
made
from
something they have deep inside them. A
desire, a dream, a vision.” One of the things
Shelly
-Ann
can be proud of
is her understanding of this truth.
65.
Why did Stephen Francis decide to coach
Shelly-Ann?
A. He had a strong desire
to free her family from trouble.
B. He
sensed a great potential in her despite her
weaknesses.
C. She had big problems
maintaining her performance.
版权所有：中华资源库
D. She suffered a lot of
defeats at the previous track meets.
66.
What did the sprinting
world think of Shelly-Ann before the 2008 Olympic
Games?
A. She would become a promising
star.
B. She badly needed to set higher
goals.
C. Her sprinting career would
not last long.
D. Her talent for
sprinting was known to all.
67.
What made Maxime decide to train her
daughter on the track?
A. Her success
and lessons in her career.
B. Her
interest in Shelly-
Ann’s quick
profit.
C. Her wish to get
Shelly-Ann out of poverty.
D. Her early
entrance into the sprinting world.
68.
What can we infer from Shelly-Ann's
statement underlined in Paragraph 5?
A.
She was highly rewarded for her efforts.
B. She was eager to do more for her
country.
C. She became an athletic star
in her country.
D. She was the envy of
the whole community.
69.
By
mentioning Muhammad Ali’s words, the
author intends to tell us that
.
A. players should be highly inspired by
coaches
B. great athletes need to
concentrate on patience
C.
hard work is necessary in one’s
achievements
D. motivation
allows great athletes to be on the top
70.
What is the best title
for the passage?
A. The Making of a
Great Athlete
B. The Dream for
Championship
C. The Key to High
Performance
D. The Power of Full
Responsibility
【答案】
65. B
66. C 67. C 68.B 69.D 70. A
【解析】
试题分析：
本文是一篇励志短文，
牙买加著名女飞人
Shelly
-Ann
从不被人看好到成为奥运冠
版权所有：中华资源库
军，
再到最后成为世界上跑的最快的女性，
并想用自己的影响力改变能够吞
噬了很多人梦想
的贫民窟。
66.C
推理判断题。根据第二段第一句
“Where
did
she
come
from?”
asked
an
astonished
sprinting world,
before concluding that she must be one of those
one-hit wonders that spring up
from
time to time, only to disappear again without sign
s.
当
2008
年奥运会上
Shelly-Ann
获得冠
军以后，很多人都质
疑她是一个流星而已，认为她的成功不会延续很长时间。故
C
项
正确。
67.C
推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句
Maxime’s
early
entry
into
the
adult
world
with
its
responsibilities
gave
her
the
determination
to
ensure
that
her
kids
would
not
end
up
in
Waterhouse's roundabout of poverty. One
of the first things Maxime used to do with Shelly-
Ann
was
taking
her
to
the
track,
and
she
was
ready
to
sacrifice
everything.
可知
Shelly-Ann
的母亲
Maxime
很早进入要承担很多责任的成人世界，她决定要让女儿
Shelly-Ann
离开混乱的
Waterhous
e
，唯一的方法就是让女儿练习田径。故
C
项正确。
68.B
推理判断题。
根据第五段最后四句
“
I have so much fire burning for my country,”Shelly
said.
She plans to start a foundation
for homeless children and wants to build a
community centre in
Waterhouse. She
hopes to inspire the Jamaicans to lay down their
weapons. She intends to fight
to make
it a woman’s as well as a man’s
world.
可知
Shelly-Ann
计划为牙买加建立无家可归儿童
基金会，鼓励牙买加人放下武器。说明她很迫切地想为
祖国做一些事情。故
B
正确。
69.D
推理判断题。根据最后一段拳王阿里的名言：冠军不
是体育馆里造出来的。造就冠军
的是冠军内心深处的某种东西
─
渴望、梦想、愿景。他们需同时拥有技能和意志，但是意志
必须
强于技能。作者是在鼓励运动员们达到巅峰。故
D
项正确。
70.A
标题概括题。本文介绍了牙买加著名女飞人
Shelly-An
n
从不被人看好到成为奥运冠军，
再到最后成为世界上跑的最快
的女性。激励我们要想成功必须要经过艰苦的努力。故
A
项
正确。
BCD
三项的范围有点过大，与文章
不贴切。
版权所有：中华资源库
【名师点睛】
本文【小题
70
】属于主旨大意题中的标题概括题。文章标题通常有如下要求：不能过
大、
过于笼统，放之四海皆适用；也不能过小、以偏概全，挂一漏万。标题是文章中心思
想的精
练表达
,
多为一个名词词组，短
小明了
,
函盖性强
?
< br>做这类题目时
,
要在阅读全文的基础上
< br>,
把握
好层次关系。注意选项的归纳范围要恰如其分
,
干扰项往往是局部信息，是某一小节或文章
里的某一句。所以我们在解题时要反复推敲，把概括范围过窄或过宽的选项过滤掉。
好的
文章标题具有较强的针对性、
独特
性，
能够准确地概括出这篇短文的主旨大意，
而不是其它
文章的大意。本题中
BCD
三项的内容都与文
章内容不够贴切，范围显得过大。我们可以使
用逆向推理方法识别范围过大的标题。
考点：考查记叙文阅读
2015
年高考试题
故事类
1.
【
2015
·湖北卷】
B
What Theresa Loe is doing proves that a
large farm isn’t
prerequisite
for a modern
grow-your-own lifestyle. On a mere 1/10
of an acre in Los Angeles, Loe and her family
grow, can
（装罐）
and preserve
much of the food they consume.
Loe is a master food preserver,
gardener and canning expert. She also operates a
website,
where she shares her tips and
recipes, with the goal of demonstrating that every
has the ability
to control
what’
s on their plate.
Loe initially went to school to become
an engineer, but she quickly learned that her
enthusiasm was mainly about growing and
preparing her own food. “I got into cooking my own
food and started growing my own herbs
(
香草
)
and foods for that
fresh
flavor,”she said.
Engineer by day, Loe
learned cooking at night school. She ultimately
purchased a small piece of
land with
her husband and began growing their own foods.
“I teach people how to live
farm
-
fresh without a farm,”
Loe said. Through her
website Loe
emphasizes that “anybody can do this
anywhere.” Got an apartment with a
balcony
（阳台）
?
Plant some herbs. A window? Perfect
spot for growing. Start with herbs, she
recommends,
because “they’re very
forgiving.” Just a little of the herbs “can take
your regular cooking to a
版权所有：中华资源库
whole new level,” she
added. “I think it’s a great place to start.”
“Then? Try growing something
from a
seed, she said, like a tomato or some
tea.”
Canning is a natural
extension of the planting she does. With every
planted food. Loe noted,
there’s a
moment when it’s bursting with its absolute peak
flavor. “I try and k
eep it in a time
capsule in a canning jar,” Loe said.
“Canning for me is about knowing what’s in your
food,
knowing where it comes
from.”
In addition to being
more in touch with the food she’s eating, another
joy comes from
passing this knowledge
and this
desire for good food to her
children: “Influencing them and
telling
them your opinion on not only being careful what
we eat but understanding
the bigger
picture
,” she said, “that if
we don’t take care of the earth, no
will.”
underlined word
“
prerequisite
”
(Pare. 1) is closest in meaning to
“
______
”
.
A. recipe
B.
substitute
C. requirement
D. challenge
does Loe suggest starting with herbs?
A. They are used daily.
B.
They are easy to grow.
C. They can grow
very tall
D. They can be eaten uncooked
ing to Loe, what is the benefit of
canning her planted foods?
A. It can
preserve their best flavor
B. It can
promote her online sales
C. It can
better her cooking skills
D. It can improve their nutrition
is the
“
the
bigger picture
”
(Para. 6) that Loe wishes her children
to understand?
A. The knowledge about
good food
B. The way to live a grow-
our-own life
C. The joy of getting in
touch with foods
D. The responsibility to
protect our earth
【解析】
版权所有：中华资源库
试题分析：本文是一篇记叙文。
Lo
e
是“自己种植”现代生活方式的实践者，她热衷于自己
种植香
草和味道新鲜的食物，
并将食物装入密封罐中保持以保持最佳的风味，
< br>更想通过自己
的举动影响孩子们，让他们意识到保护地球的责任。
55. C
词义猜测题。
根
据首段第二句
“
On a mere 1/10 of an
acre … and preserve much of the food
they consume
”可知面积并不是硬要求。该句句意
为：
Loe
在那里所做的一切证明，一个大
农场对“自己种植”现代生活方式来说并不是一个硬要求。故选
C
< br>项。
56.B
细节理解题。根
据第四段中“
Start with herbs… Just a little
of the herbs …
”可知香草很
容易生长。故选<
/p>
B
项。
【考点定位】记叙文阅读
【名师点睛】记叙文体裁特点是：人不离事
,
事
不离人。写人的文章事情是重点；记事的文
章人物是关键。
考生
要注意抓住故事情节，
理解文章脉络，
重点关注作者重墨泼就的
细节描
写，领会作者的写作意图。同时还要把握人物的情绪起伏
,
要进入“角色”，客观做题。本
文顺应当前社会生活潮流，介
绍了园艺和食品保存大师
Theresa
Loe
如何利用阳台、小院在
喧嚣繁忙的大都市里过田园生活。
2.
【
2015
·北京卷】
A
The Boy Made It!
One Sunday,
Nicholas, a teenager, went skiing at Sugarloaf
Mountain in Maine. In the early
afternoon, when he was planning to go
home, a fierce snowstorm swept into the area.
Unable to
see far, he accidentally
turned off the path. Before he knew it, Nicholas
was lost, all alone! He
didn’t have
food, water, a phone, or other supplies. He was
getting colder by
the minute.
Nicholas had no idea where he was. He
tried not to panic. He thought about all the
survival
shows he had watched on TV. It
was time to put the tips he had learned to use.
He decided to stop skiing. There was a
better chance of someone finding him if he stayed
put.
版权所有：中华资源库
The first thing he did was
to find shelter form the freezing wind and snow.
If he didn’t, his body
temperature
would get very low, which could quickly kill him.
Using his skis,
Nicholas built a snow cave. He gathered a huge
mass of snow and dug out a hole
in the
middle. Then he piled branches on top of himself,
like a blanket, to stay as warm as he
could.
By that evening,
Nicholas was really hungry. He ate snow and drank
water from a nearby stream
so that his
body wouldn’t lose to
o much water. Not
knowing how much longer he could last,
Nicholas did the only thing he could-
he huddled(
蜷缩
) in his cave
and slept.
The
next day, Nicholas went out to look for help, but
he couldn’t find anyone. He followed his
tracks and returned to the snow cave,
because without shelter, he could die that night.
On
Tuesday, Nicholas went out to find
help. He had walked for about a mile when a
volunteer
searcher found him. After two
days stuck in the snow, Nicholas was saved.
Nicholas might
not have survived this snowstorm had it not been
for TV. He had often watched
Grylls’
survival show. Man vs. Wild. That’s where he
learned the tips that saved his life, In each
episode(
一期节目
)of
Man vs. Wild, Grylls is abandoned in a wild area
and has to find his way
out.
When Grylls heard about Nicholas’
amazing deeds, he was super impressed that
Nicholas had
made it since he knew
better than anyone how hard Nicholas had to work
to stay alive.
56. What happened to
Nicholas one Sunday afternoon?
A. He
got lost.
B. He broke his skis.
C. He hurt his eyes
D.
He caught a cold
57. How did Nicholas
keep himself warm?
A. He found a
shelter.
B.
He lighted some branches.
C. He kept on
skiing.
D. He built a snow cave.
58.
On Tuesday, Nicholas _____.
A. returned
to his shelter safely
B. was saved by a
searcher
C. got stuck in the snow
D. staved where he was
版权所有：中华资源库
59. Nicholas left Grylls a
very deep impression because he _____.
A. did the right things in the
dangerous situation
B. watched Grylls’
TV program regularly
C.
created some tips for survival
D. was
very hard-working
【解析】
试题分析：
本文讲的是一个小男孩在暴风雪中迷路，
他不畏艰难，
利用在电视中学到的野外
生存知识逃脱困境的故
事。
56. A
细节理解题。根据第一段第三行，
Before he
knew it, Nicholas was lost, all alone!”
可知答
案。说明在
Nicholas
迷
路了。故选
A
。
57. D
细节理解题。根据文章第二段根据第四段第一行，
Nicholas built a snow
cave
。以及
to
stay as
warm as he could
可知，
Nicholas<
/p>
保持温暖的方式是建了一个雪洞。故选
D
。
58.B
细节理解题。根据第六段第三行，
He
had
walked
for
about
a
mile
when
a
volunteer
searcher found him
。可知，星期二的时候
，
Nicholas
被一名志愿搜索者救了。故选
B
。
59.A
推理判断题。
根据最后一段中的，
He
was super impressed that Nicholas had made it
since
he knew better than anyonehow
hard Nicholas had to work to stay alive
。
”
可知，
Grylls
这个人想
表达一个小男孩能在如此困难的情况下成功逃生是难能可贵的，
A
选项正好能表达此意思。
故选
A
。
【考点定位】故事类阅读
【名师点睛
】本文考查记叙文，讲的是
“
小孩在山里迷路，求生的过程
”
，做好一篇记叙文，
要交代清楚人物和事
件，
就必须交代清楚记叙的要素，
即：
时间、
地点、
人物、
事件的原因、
经过和结果。
弄清记叙文中的人称代词指代的对象，
有利于更好地理解文意。
线索是记叙文
的纲，抓住线索
，就能理顺文章内容，掌握文章结构，更好地理解文章的中心思想。记叙文
以叙事为主，
但有时也运用描写、说明和议论。尤其是要注意夹叙夹议类文章，它的题目往
往设计为推
理性和总结性题目。
文中题目往往在文中能找到出处，
把握好文
中具体细节即可。
3.
【
2015
·广东】
A
Peter loved to shop used articles.
Almost a month ago, he bought popular word game
that
used little pieces of wood with
different letters on them. As he was purchasing
it, the salesgirl
said, “Uh, look, the
game box haven’t even been opened yet. That might
be worth some money. ”
版权所有：中华资源库
Peter
examined
the
box,
and,
sure
enough,
it
was
completely
covered
in
factory-sealed
plastic. And
he saw a date of 1973 on the back of the box.
“You
should
put
that
up
for
auction
(
拍卖
)
on
t
he
Internet,
and
see
what
happens.”the
salesgirl said.
“Yes,
you’re right.
People
like
something
rare.”
Peter
agreed,
“I
can’t
imagine
there
being
very many unopened
boxes of this game still around 40 years
later.”
“Don’t forget to
tell me if you sell it.”
the salesgirl
smiled.
“No problem.” Peter
said.
After he got home,
Peter went online to several auction websites
looking for his game. But
he couldn’t
find it. Then he typed in the name of the word
game and hit Search. The search result
was
543
websites
containing
information
about
the
changes
of
the
game.
Over
the
years,
the
game had been produced
using letters in different sizes and game boards
in different colors. He
also found some
lists of game fans looking for various versions of
the game. Peter emailed some
of them,
telling them what he had.
Two weeks
later, Peter went back to the shop.
“Hello. Do you still remember the
unopened word game?”
The
salesgirl looked at him for a second, then
recognized him and said, “Oh, hi!”
“I’ve got something for
you,”
Peter said. “I sold
the game and made $$1,000. Thank you for
your suggestion.” He handed her three $$
100 bills.
“Wow!” the
salesgirl cried out. “Thank you, I never expected
it.”
26. Which of the
following best describes Peter’s word
game?
A. It was made around
40 years ago.
B. It had game boards in
different sizes.
C. It was kept in a
plastic bag with a seal.
D. It had
little pieces of wood in different colors.
27.
What did the
salesgirl probably think of Peter’s word
game?
A. Old and handy.
B. Rare and valuable.
C.
Classic and attractive.
版权所有：中华资源库
D. Colorful and interesting
28.
Peter got
the names of the game fans from _________.
A. an auction
B. the
Internet
C. a game shop
D.
the second-hand shop
29. What happened
at the end of the story?
A. Peter gave
the girl $$300 as a reward.
B. The
salesgirl became Peter’s friend.
C. Peter returned the word game for $$
1,000.
D. The salesgirl felt confused
to see Peter again.
30.
What is the main theme of the story?
A. It’s important to keep a
promise.
B. It’s great to
share in other people’s happiness.
C. We should be grateful for the help
from others.
D. Something rare is worth
a large amount of money.
【解析】
试题分析：本文叙述了
Peter
在听从了一位女销售员的建议，买了一个旧的游戏盒子，
并到
网上拍卖。结果他挣了
1000
美
元。为了感激这位女销售员，他给了她
300
美元做为回报。<
/p>
版权所有：中华资源库
29. A
细节理解题。根据
Peter
said,
“
I sold the
game and made $$ you for your
suggestion,
”
He
handed her three $$100 bills.
可知
Bill
感谢这位女销售员的建议，给了她
300
美元作为回报。故选
A
。
30. C
推理判断题。全文围绕着
Peter
听了女销售员的建议，买了这个游戏盒，赚了钱，为了
表示感谢，
他给了这位女销售员
300
美元作为回报。
故推断这个故事的主题是我们应该感激
别人
的帮助。故选
C
。
【考点定位】
故事类短文阅读。
【名师点睛】
本文考查学生的细节理解能力和推理判断能力。
考生需认真阅读短文
，
仔细审
题，主要的是要理解全文的中心思想，让人们懂得学会
感激别人的帮助。第
30
题，需要学
生
通过阅读全文，概括总结出，作者的意图。
4.
【
2015
·陕西】
B
When the dog named Judy spotted the
first sheep in her life, she did what comes
naturally.
The four-year-old dog set
off racing after the sheep across several fields
and, being a city animal,
lost both her
sheep and her sense of direction. Then she ran
along the edge of cliff(
悬崖
)
and
fell 100 feet, bouncing off a rock
into the sea.
Her owner Mike Holden
panicked and celled the coastguard of Cornwall,
who turned up in
seconds . Six
volunteers slid down the cliff with the help of a
rope but gave up all hope of finding
her alive after a 90-minute search.
Three days later, a hurricane hit the
coast near Cornwall. Mr. Holden returned home from
his
holiday upset and convinced his pet
was dead. He comforted himself with the thought
she had
died in the most beautiful part
of the country.
For the next
two weeks, the Holdens were heartbroken . Then,
one day, the phone rang and
Steve
Tregear, the coastguard of Cornwall, asked Holder
if he would like his dog bark.
A
birdwatcher, armed with a telescope, found the pet
sitting desperately on a rock. While he
sounded the alarm, a student from Leeds
climbed down the cliff to collect Judy.
The dog had initially been knocked
unconscious(
失去知觉的
)but had
survived by drinking
water from a fresh
scream at the base of the cliff. She may have fed
on the body of a sheep which
had also
fallen over the edge. “The dog was very thin and
hungry,” Steve Tregear said , “It was a
very dog. She survived
be
cause of a plentiful supply of fresh
water,” he added.
It was ,as
Mr. Holden admitted, “a minor
miracle(
奇迹
)”.
50.
The dog Jody
fell down the cliff when she was
A. rescuing her owner
B. caught in a hurricane
C. blocked by a
rock
D. running after a sheep
版权所有：中华资源库
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
上一篇：英语四级学习计划书doc
下一篇：英语四级考试最后阶段的复习要点