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英语常用应用文写作(超全)

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2021-03-03 01:40
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2021年3月3日发(作者:坐火车)




英语常用应用文写作


第一章



书信



书信是人们在日常生活中经常使 用的应用文,是用以交涉事宜、传达信息、交流思想、联络感情、增进了解的重要工具。由于中西方在文化和


习惯上的差异,


英文书信在写作格式及表达方式上与汉语都有着很大 的区别。


英文书信分为私人书信



Pr ivate Letter



和公务书信



Business Letter or


Official Correspondence


)两大类。 但无论是私人书信还是公务书信,其结构和格式都是大致相同的,本章将分别对其进行较为详细的介绍。



第一节



书信的一般格式



书信与一般作文的写 法不同,它要求用简洁、明了的语言,礼貌、准确地表达作者的意图。无论是私人书信还是公务书信,写作时都应 遵循


以下四条原则:



1




主题突出,层次分明。一封信着重说明一两件事情。



2




用词准 确,意思明白。运用平时掌握的常用习语和句型,明确表达自己的意见或建议。



3




语言简 洁,句子简短。把必要的事项表达清楚,不提无关的事情。



4




用语礼 貌,态度谦逊。用语要尊重对方,但不要过分热情、恭维或迎合。


一般说来,私人信件不拘形式,信文多用手写,也可打印;公务信件要求比较严格,必须遵循一定的格式,信 文一定要打印。



一、书信的构成


< /p>


书信通常由信头



Heading




信内地址



Inside Address




称谓



Salutation




正文


< br>Body




结尾礼词



Complimentary Close




签名



Si gnature



组成,部分书信还有附件(

< br>Enclosure



、又及(


Postscript


)等。



1


.信头(


Heading




英文书信的信头包括发信人的地址和发信的日期两部分。信头的写法视书信的 格式而定:齐头式写在信纸的左上角;缩行式和混合式写在信纸


的右上角。信头一般要分 行写:先写发信人地址,再写发信日期。写发信地址时依据从小到大的原则:先写门牌号、街道名或路名,再写区 (县)


及所在城市名称,然后是省或州、郡名称,最后写国家的名称。写日期的顺序是: 先写月,再写日,最后写年。年份应写全,不能随意简写,如不


能用“

< br>06


”代替“


2006



。需写邮政编码时,邮政编码写在城市名称后边,用逗号隔开。



信头不能越过信纸中间而写到信纸的左上面。信头行末不用标点符号,但每行中间应用的标点 不可少;城区名和邮政编码之间、日月和年份


之间要用逗号隔开。日期千万不要全用数字 表示,因为像


4/3


这样的表达,美国人理解为


April 3


,而欧洲人则理解为


March 4


。通常的写法是:


July


5, 2006


。另外,在日的后面加


st



nd



th


的 写法也过时了。



信头一般不要写得太高,信头的上方要留些空白。



例如:



6P Park Ave.


(门牌号和街名)



New York; NY 11215, U.S.A.


(地区名)



December 1, 1999


(日期)



写地址时一定要清楚明了, 下面介绍一些表示地址的常用词(有简写的多用简写)










楼——


F


,如:


3F


巷——

< br>Lane


,如:


Lane 12



/


区——


Section



Sec.


,如:


Se c. II



弄——


Alley


,如:


Alley 6


路——

< p>
Road



Rd.


,如:


Xinhua Rd.


街——


Str eet



St.


;如:


Ping


?


an St.


2


.信内地址(


Inside Address




信内地址包括收信 人的姓名称谓和地址两部分。社交的私人信件信内地址是省略的。信内地址的位置位于信头的左下方,它的开始行 低于信


头的结尾行,位于信纸中央的左边。


< br>信内地址先写收信人的头衔和姓名,再写地址。地址排列次序同信头一样。信内地址的书写格式也有两种: 并列式和斜列式。一般来讲,信


头和信内地址所用的格式是一致的。标点符号的使用也与 信头一样。



关于信内地址对收信人的头衔和姓名的称谓一般有 以下几种情况:



无职称的男子用


Mr .


(加姓)



已婚的女子用

< p>
Mrs.


(加女子丈夫的姓)



未婚的女子用


Miss


婚姻状况不明的女子用


MS.


博士或 医生用


Dr.



Doctor




有教授职称的用


P rof.



Professor




总经理、校长、会长、总统用


Pres.



President




3


.称谓(


Saluta tion




称谓是对收信人的尊称语 ,自成一行,与信内地址间隔一行,顶左格,上下排齐。通常用“


Dear


”引出写信人的称谓,在美国用“


My


Dear< /p>



比用“


Dear


”还要客气,而英国的用法恰巧相反。对于一个陌生的人通信一般用“


Dear Sir


”或“


Dear Madam



。如果不知收信人的性别则可用


Dear


Sir or Madam




需要注意的是,写称谓时,英国人习惯在后面用逗号,美国人习惯在后面用冒号,非正式社交信 可用逗号,在商业书信或其他正式书信中,用


冒号。



4


.正文(


Body




正文是书信的主要部分,要做到表意准确、思路清晰、表达简 洁、措辞得体。它一般由开场白——主体段——结束句(段)组成。英文书信


正文的开头 不是先写一些问候语,再阐明写信的目的,而是直接说明写信人的身份及写信的目的(致谢、道歉、祝贺等)


,然后提出写信人的情况、


想法或要求,并加以必要的解释或说明。 英文书信陈述目的时,应该直截了当,意思明确,层次清楚,言简意赅。书信正文的第一句话或第一段,


通常被称为起首语。一般说来,人们习惯用一些较为固定的写法作为书信正文的起始,即先将对方 来信的日期、主题加以简单描述,以便使对方一


看便知该信是回答哪一封信的。如果是第 一次给别人写信,也可用开头语作必要的自我介绍,并表明自己写信的主要目的。结尾部分用一些祝愿类



1


话语。



正文从低于称谓一至二行处写起,如使用缩行式,每段第一行向内缩进约五个字母;如使用齐头 式或混合式,每段开头顶格写,段与段之间间


隔一、二行。


< /p>



1


)常用的起首语


First of all, I must thank you for your kind assistance and high attention to me.


I am writing to apply for the position of financial manager you advertised in Yangcheng Evening News of March 12, 2002.


I am writing to ask about conference to be held in Beijing next month.


In reply


to your letter dated March 15, 2002, I want to say….



Thank you for your letter dated March 15, 2002.



2


)常用的结束语



All the best.


Any other particulars wanted we shall be pleased to send you.


Looking forward to your early reply.


Please remember me to you family.


We look forward to your reply at your earliest convenience.


5

< br>.结尾礼词(


Complimentary Close




结尾礼词即结尾语,是 结尾的客套语。一般写于正文下空一两行后,从信纸中央处起笔写,第一个字母大写,末尾用逗号。结尾礼词措辞 的


变化依据情况而定,通常有以下几种:



1


)写给单位、团体或不相识的:



Truly yours,


Faithfully yours,




2


)写给尊长或上级的:



Respectfully yours,


Gratefully yours,


Appreciatively yours,


< p>
3


)写给熟人或朋友的:



Yours, Yours ever, Yours fraternally,


Yours cordially, Yours devotedly,

< p>


4


)写给亲戚或密友的:



Yours, Yours ever, Yours affectionately,


Yours devoted friend,


Lovingly yours,



Yours loving son (father, mother, nephew



),


以上各种情况,


yours


无论放在前面或是后面都行,但一般不可缩写或省去。



6


.签名(


Signature




写信人的亲笔签名常位于结尾礼词正下方一至二 行。即使是打印的正式书信,签名也应用手写。除非是给很熟悉的人写信,签名一般须写出


全名,职称、职务可在签名下方。签名常常较潦草,不易辨认,因此在签名的正下方须打印出全名。在齐头式中 齐头写;在缩行式和混合式中位于


信纸正中或偏右。



7


.附件(


Enclosure




附在信后的附属资料。可缩写为

< br>Encls.


。写法视书信的格式而定。



如果信中还附寄有简历、照片等材料,可在此注明,标注时可以只标注有几份附件,也可以标明是什么 材料。




Enclosures (3)





Enclosures



Resume















Transcript













Photo

8


.又及(


Postscript




也可称为附言。可缩写为


P.S.



PS


。写法视书信的格式而定。



如果在正文中漏写了某事,或者需要提醒一下收信人,可以把需要 补写的内容简短的写在附言中。如:



P. S.



I just received your letter



it took 20 days to get here.


二、书信的书写格式



书信的书写格式一般有混合式(


Modified Style



、齐头式(


Blocked Style


)和缩行式(


Indented Style


)三种。



1


.混合式(


Modified Style




混合式又称混排式或改良式。这种排列方式是目前最为流行的英文书信格式,它将信头、结束语、签名和发信 人姓名排在右边,信内地址和称


谓排在左边,但每个要素分行时都不向右缩入;正文每段 开始缩进五个英文字母,而段与段之间可不空行。这种形式较匀称美观。




2


Dept. of English


Sichuan Normal University


Chengdu, Sichuan, 610068


P.R. China


June 25, 2006


Director


Dept. of Geology


Columbia University


New York, NY


, 10027
























U. S. A.


Dear Professor:


This is a request for admittance to your University as a visiting scholar. I hope it will be possible for me to take some courses and also do research in


your department.



Our government will provide me with all traveling and living expenses.



Enclosed please find my application and three letters of recommendation which I hope you will find satisfactory.



Thank you for your kind consideration. I look forward to your reply.


Sincerely yours,



Y


. L. Hsia


Encls: Letters of Recommendation


Application Form


2


.齐头式(


Blocked Style






齐头式又称平头式、正排式或垂直式。这种排列的要领在于每 个要素都从左边开始排列,每一行都不向右缩入,因而整封信的左边成一垂直线


而右边参 差不齐。这种形式因为打字时不需考虑左边缩进,从而更加方便省事。





Dept. of English


Sichuan Normal University


Chengdu, Sichuan, 610068


P.R. China


June 25, 2006


Director


Dept. of Geology


Columbia University


New York, NY


, 10027


U. S. A.


Dear Professor,


This is a request for admittance to your University as a visiting scholar. I hope it will be possible for me to take some courses and also do research in


your department.



Our government will provide me with all traveling and living expenses.



Enclosed please find my application and three letters of recommendation which I hope you will find satisfactory.



Thank you for your kind consideration. I look forward to your reply.


Sincerely yours,



Y


. L. Hsia



Encls: Letters of recommendation


3


.缩行式(


Indented Style






缩行式又称斜排式。这种排列的要领在于信头、结尾礼词、签 名和发信人姓名都靠右或偏右,而封内地址和称谓靠左。如果以上任一要素要分


行排列时 ,后行要比前行缩进两个(或三个)英文字母;正文每段开始要缩进五个英文字母,段与段之间要空一行。这种形 式讲究匀称美观,是传


统的排列范式,目前只有少数英国人喜欢用。



3


Dept. of English


Sichuan Normal University


Chengdu, Sichuan, 610068


P.R. China


July 5, 2006


Director


Dept. of Geology


Columbia University


New York, NY


, 10027
























U. S. A.


Dear Professor,


This is a request for admittance to your College as a visiting scholar. I hope it will be possible for me to take some courses and also do research in


your department.



Enclosed please find my application and three letters of recommendation which I hope you will find satisfactory.



Thank you for your kind consideration. I look forward to your reply.


Sincerely yours,



Y


. L. Hsia


Encls: Letters of recommendation


三、信封的写法(

< p>
Superscription




英文书信信封的写法同中文不同。具体来讲,其信封内容应这样安排。



1



寄信人姓名地址写在信封的左上角或背 面口盖上;收信人的姓名地址写在信封中间靠下或靠右的地方。姓名要单独成行。姓名地址的写

< br>法同信头(


Heading


)和信内地址(


Inside Address


)一样。注意写上邮政编码。所用格式也同信 内地址一样,有并列式和斜列式两种。



1


)并列式:


目前比较普遍,如果信封是用打字机打出,更 应采用并列式,如:



Liu Minggui


(寄信人姓名)



170 Tucheng Road



(寄信人地址)


































Chengdu, Sichuan, 610023



(城镇、省份名)



People


?


s Republic of China



(国名)



























Dr. Joan Coulton



(收信人姓名)




10372 White Oak Avenue




Granada Hills. CA 91344




U.S.A.















(收信人地址)


< br>(


2


)斜列式:


如果信封是手写 ,一般可用斜列式,如:



Stamp


Li Ming


(寄信人姓名)



Dept. of Biology














































Beijing University



(寄信人地址)



Beijing, 100081


(城镇、省份名)



People?s Republic of China



(国名)




Wang Ping


(收信人姓名)



Manager


Shanghai Company of Computer Technology


Huihai Road, Shanghai, 256003


Airmail (


航空


)

























China



(收信人地址)



Stamp


2




信封左下角可以写些说明语,如:





Registered


(挂号信)





Personal


(亲启)




Manuscripts


(稿件)




Top Secret


(绝密件)





Express


(快件)




Please Forward


(请较交)


Printed Matter


(印刷品)





General Delivery


(平信)



Air mail


(航空)





3




Book Post


(图书邮件)




Photos Enclosed


(内有照片)



< /p>


若信封通过邮局寄给第三者转交给收信人,则需在收信人的姓名下面写明转交人的姓名,并 在前面加上


c/o (care of)


。如:




4






Mr. Thomas Green


C



O Mr. William Scott


101 St. Lawrence Ave.


Montreal 18, Canada


Stamp



第二节



私人书信



私人书信是以个人事务为中 心、关于个体生活方方面面的一种交流媒介,它在形式、内容和语言风格上都有很大的跨度,既可以很正式,也< /p>


可以很随意。



一、私人书信的写作要领



在结构上, 私人书信因收信人、写信目的等不同,构成也有差别。写给亲友的信没必要写信内地址,但写给单位的如求职信等 就要写得正规


一些,


非得写上信内地址不可。

< br>但总的来说,


私人书信通常包括五个部分:


信头



Heading




称谓



Salutation




正文


< p>
Body




谦称和结束 语



Complimentary


C lose



、签名(


Signatur e



。在写私人书信时应注意掌握以下几个方面的要领:



1.


信头(


He ading




私人书信的信头仍然放 在信笺的右上角,也包括寄信人地址和写信日期,但根据个人的具体情况(如给很熟悉的朋友写的信)

< p>
,寄信人地址常


可以省略,而写信日期应予保留,这有助于收信人对信件里 的相关事宜具有清晰的时间概念。



2.

称谓(


Salutation




在私人书信中,因其内容涉及人们生活的诸多领域,所以它在形式上的变化跨度很大。因 此,对收信人称谓的把握就显得尤为重要。当寄信


人需要传达的是一种严肃或敬慕的信息 时,


措辞应当尽可能正式庄重,


一般用


Dear *



Mr.**



Dear Mrs.***



Dear Miss./Ms. ***



Dear Dr. ***



Dear


Professor ***


等;


而若 传达的是一种亲近热情的信息,


措辞就可以轻松随意些。


如熟人 和亲友之间用


Dear Smith, My dear Smith, My dearest Smith


等。



以下是几种不同场合常用的称谓:




1


)对与自己年龄相当的同学朋友,通常直呼其名。如给一个叫


Flora Quain


的同学去信,可用


Dear Flora


,而不用


Dear Ms. Quain




2


)对年长的熟人朋友、一般人或值得你尊敬的人,则在前面加

Mr.



Mrs.



Miss./Ms.


,对有头衔的要加


Dr.



Professor


等。

< br>



3


)对父母、叔叔、阿姨等 近亲长辈,一般姓和名都不用,而直接用


Dear Mother



Dear Grandfather



Dear Uncle




4


)对兄弟、姐妹、表兄妹等也可直呼其名,而不用


Dea r Brother



Dear Sister


等。如对堂兄


Davy Defoe


,称谓


Dear Davy


即可。



< br>5


)写给一对夫妇的信用


Dear Mr. and Mrs.


加上丈夫的姓;写给两个男性,用


Dear Mr. and Mr.


;写给两个女性,用


Dear Ms. and Ms.


3.


正文(


Body




这是信件的主体部分。写作时,应突出中 心,尽量做到准确地表情达意。一般在开头就要说明写信的目的或寒暄;中间部分叙述写信人的要


求、企图或商谈事宜,对来信中提出的问题、询问的事情要进行答复,同时也要表现出对对方的关心和兴 趣等;结尾部分则应表达良好的祝愿。此


外,还应考虑如何恰倒好处地使用不同语气,表 现出客气、亲热或是彬彬有礼的情绪。



4.


结尾礼词(


Complimentary Close




私人书信中的结尾礼词 一定要把握对方与自己的关系,根据情况选择使用。




1


)对地位比自己高的、长辈或值得尊重的人,用

Respectfully



Respectfully yours



Very respectfully yours




2


)对官员如市长、州长等,除了上面的用语,还可用


Tr uly



Truly yours



Very truly




3


)对一般关系的人,常用的结尾礼词有:


Sincere ly



Sincerely yours



Very sincerely yours


等;



< br>4


)对亲人和朋友,用


Cordially



Cordially yours



Love



Lovely yours, Your lovely, Your loving


等;




5


)对值得感谢的人,用


Affectionately



Devotedly



Gratefully




6


)当你拿不准用什么好的时 候,用


Sincerely





7


)英美的区别:


Sincerely yours



Faithfully yours


是美式用法;


Yours sincerely



Yours faithfully


是英式用法;




8


)结尾礼词的词首应大写,后面用逗号。

< br>


5.


签名(


Signatu re




一般情况要签全名,亲密的人 之间可以只签名而不签姓。签名时不能在自己的名字前加如


Mr.



Miss



Dr.



Professor


等头衔。



二、私人书信的常见类型



1


.友好书信(


Letter of Friendship





1


)写作要领





亲切自然,就像和朋友面对面交谈一样。





在收到朋友的来信后,要及时回信 。否则,朋友的来信就会渐渐稀少。





不但要写出发生在你周围的事,而 且要写出你的感受,千万不要写成流水账。但这并不意味着一定要写大事、重要事;相反,小事只要


写得好,同样能使人感觉亲切、温馨,更具人情味。




2


)范文:



June 6, 2006


Dear Katie,



5


After all this time since your last letter, you must think I


?


ve dropped off the end of the world. It


?


s just that things have been so hectic since February, getting


four kids settled in school and then Patrick


?


s accident two weeks ago. I haven


?


t had time to do much beyond make it from one day to the next.


Patrick wasn


?


t hurt, thank God, but our car completely totaled ----which has been a real hardship for me and the kids. Some poor kid who just got his license


ran a stop light and broad-sided Patrick at 30 miles an hour. That husband of mine has some protective charm; he walked away without a scratch.


Anyway, I loved getting your letter----it means so much to me that we still keep in touch after all these years. When I get another breather I


?


ll write more. I just


wanted to get this note off before any more time went by. Hope you and the kids are well----Give Grey a huge for me.


Love,


Lucille


2


.家书(


Home Letter




< br>1


)写作要领:





家书在写法上与其他书信基本相同 。最基本的是要认真写,不能因为是自家人就敷衍了事。必要的尊敬、礼貌不能少。





家信要写得及时,尤其是出门在外 ,家人对自己的情况甚至比自己还要关切,所以要及时写信回家让家人放心。收到家信后要及时回信。

< p>



2


)范文:



August 10, 2006



Dear Mother and Father,


I arrived here safely at 6 o


?


clock yesterday afternoon. It was a delightful trip I felt


very comfortable. I talked happily with a boy of my age sitting


beside me. After about one hour


?


s flight, we watched television showing a nice film. Jimin was at the airport to collect me. We feel very cheerful to meet each


other again. Then he took me to the lodgings he had rented for me. Owing to jet lag, I felt so tired. I went to bed after supper.


I have a large and well-furnished room and Mrs. Hawk, my landlady, is very kind to me. There is another Sichuan student here. He says she is very


considerate in treating her tenants. He has been here for one year, so I am very lucky to have got good lodgings, aren


?


t I? I shall not be lonely as Jimmie lives


only a few minutes


?


walk away.


The weather here is much colder than in Sichuan. Probably I shall enjoy seeing snow very soon.


Please write soon.


Love,


Ziwei


3


.道歉信




1


)写作要领


在日常生活中难免会出现一些差错,如失约,损坏别人东西等。在这种情况下,应该及时写信表示道歉,以避 免不必要的误会。写道歉信时


态度要诚恳,措词应委婉,要把原委解释清楚。一般在信的 开头就要向对方表示歉意或内疚,然后说明原因并提出补救的办法。




2


)范例



例①



My dear Mr. Anderson,


I


regret


very


much


that


I


have


lost


your


telephone


number


you


left


me


last


time.


Thus


I


have


not


been


able


to


call


you


directly


about


Michael?s


wedding


ceremony. So I have to write you and to inform you that his wedding will be held on Friday, February 15.


If you decide to come to his wedding, please let me know as soon as possible and also tell me your phone number again.


Truly yours,


Li Guangping


例②



Dear Linda,


I


?


m very sorry for my failure of keeping the appointment that we made last Sunday. I hate to have done so, but I had no way out because my mother


fell ill at that time and I had to send her to hospital and look after her. I hope you will understand me and excuse my absence.








































































Love,








































































Peter


4


.感谢信




1


)写作要领


感谢信有浓厚的感情色彩,具有比较浓的人情味。收到别人赠送的礼物,或得到别人的帮助后,都应写封信表 示感谢,以表达你的感激之情。


其基本格式与一般的英文书信类似,

都是由信头



Letterhead /Heading< /p>




称谓



Salutation




正文



Body of a letter

< p>



结尾礼词



Complimentary close




签名(


Signature


)等组成。 一般开头表达谢意,提及受到的帮助;在正文中具体叙述得到的帮助,然后高度评价或赞扬对方,表达当时的心情 感受;


结尾再次表达谢意,提出回报希望。


< br>写感谢信应注意开头要直截了当;表明诚意,避免空洞;态度热情,感情要真挚;语气要诚恳,言语要富有 感染力;时间及时,简明扼要,着



6


重事由。



感谢信应当手写,而且多数 情况下适合用非正式的口语化文体来书写。




2


)范例





对车祸后别人给予的帮助表示感谢



Dear John,


I am writing to thank you for looking after me after that unfortunate accident the other day, when I was knocked off my bike by a taxi. If it had not been for


your assistance in giving me first aid and taking me to a nearby hospital, I fear that the consequences might have been much more serious.


The


doctor


says


that


my


broken


leg


is


healing


well.


In


addition,


the


taxi


company


has


agreed


to


pay


my


hospital


bills.


Everyone


agrees


that


it


was


your


quick- witted response in that emergency that has led to this satisfactory outcome.


Although nowadays many people talk about the need to be unselfish and to help others, we see very few people practicing what they preach. But you showed


by your actions that you are an exception.


Yours sincerely,


Li Ming




对别人给予的工作建议表示感谢



Dear Professor Bloomfield,


It is just two months since I consulted with you about choosing my job and I want to assure you that I appreciate your help.


Your advice has been invaluable, and I have followed the course you recommended, with gratifying results. I took the job, and consider it the wisest step I


could have taken.


I would like to express my gratitude, along with my very best wishes.


Cordially,




对别人在自己外出时帮助照看小孩表示感谢



Dear Mr. And Mrs. Wang,


We appreciate so much your taking care of Leilei and Mingming while we were at the Chemical Society Convention. I know it can be a shock to suddenly have


two lively children in your household all at once.


You both made a big hit with the children. Leilei wanted to know if we were going away again soon and, if so, could they stay at your house ? I think you've


been adopted by my children!


Leilei


and


Mingming told


me


about


the


museum you went


to and


all the


muffins and


carrot


bread


they


helped


you make. You are


both wonderful second


parents for the kids. We appreciate your patience and concern for them. Thank you from the bottom of our hearts.


Love,


Zhang Yu and Hao Ren




对别人的殷勤接待表示感谢



Dear Kate,


Please accept my thanks for the very pleasant time I spent on Wednesday evening at your office.


I very much appreciated your hospitality and also thoroughly enjoyed the three very interesting colorful films which were shown to us.


Now I would like to express my thanks for your warm hospitality with a little gift that you will shortly receive.


Cordially, Victoria



3


)常用句型



Again, I would like to express our warm thanks to you.


But for your help, I would not..


I am grateful/thankful


to you for….



I am much obliged to you for your help.


I am writing to express my thanks to you for the many kindnesses you showed me when I was in hospital.


I hope you can know how much I appreciate your hospitality and your many kindnesses to me. Hospitality



I shall always appreciate the assistance you have given me.


I shall be pleased to reciprocate your favor when the opportunity arises.


If it had not been for your timely assistance, I am afraid that..


It was most thoughtful and generous of you to send me such a beautiful and fancy gift.


It?s very kind of you to help us.



Thanks from the bottom of my heart for….




7


Thoughtful considerate considerable



With thanks from every one of us and best wishes to you.



5


.祝贺信




1


)写作要领



在西方,得知朋友订婚、结婚、生孩子、升职等都要写信祝贺。祝贺信如同一般的简 短书信,可长可短,格式上无特别的要求,但书写时应做


到真诚、自然、亲切动人。内容 上可尽情发挥。



在正文中要首先向对方表示热烈的祝贺。要写 明向谁祝贺、祝贺什么、为什么祝贺等。可以写自己是怎样听到好消息的,听到消息后的心情怎

< br>样等。要感情饱满地写,但要简明扼要。



< p>
要根据所祝贺的事情发表自己的看法、主张,提出一些建议、意见等。如对重大节日或纪念活动的祝 贺。可以说明其重大的意义和对所取得的


成绩表示祝贺,可以分析一下取得成绩的主客观 原因等;庆贺寿辰的贺信,可简要准确地赞扬对方在事业上的成功;婚姻庆贺,则可以谈些自己关


于婚姻生活的认识、看法等,以期对对方有所帮助。



正文的结尾要写上再次表示祝愿的话。


如:


< br>With renewed good wishes



and kindest regards to you and your spouse




(


再次敬候你同新夫人安好。


)


又如“


May the years to come bring every blessing to you both.



(


愿你俩年年福寿无疆。


)


祝贺信的 写作格式可以比照一般书信的格式。即通常有信头、信内地址、称谓、正文、结尾语、签名等几个部分。但这里需 要说明的是根据亲


疏关系的不同,有些祝贺信是可以随意一些的。比如信内地址有时可以 省略,而信头也大体可以写的简略一些。除此之外写祝贺信的时候还应该注


意以下一些内 容。



写祝贺信要做到热情、大方,说些鼓励、褒扬的话,使对 方确实感到温暖和振奋。赞美对方要实事求是、恰如其分,不要故意拔高,甚至献媚,


以 至无法起到应有的表示祝贺的目的。



用词要恰当、简练,篇幅 不宜太长。信封和信纸都要经过认真选择,不能随意对付。




2


)范文





贺生日




August 2, 2006



Dear Bob:



So you're a year older today


——


or don't you want to be reminded? Anyway, congratulations and best wishes.



If you feel like holding a celebration, will you let me take you to dinner and the movies, as a sort of birthday treat? You name the day. And in the mealtime,


many happy returns!



Cordially,


Ben




贺新年




September 10, 2005



Dear Mr. Barton:



As the New Year is quickly approaching, I take this opportunity to send my greetings and best wishes to you for 2005.



I hope that the coming year will bring a further increase in exchange of culture between our two countries and we look forward to continued friendly relations


with you.



Yours faithfully,



Tom




贺朋友大学毕业




November 22, 2006



Dear Mr. Wang:



I learned from Wang Ying that you graduated with high honors from Huabei University yesterday. I can well imagine how proud your parents are now, who


have been anxiously hoping to witness your brilliant success. As I understand, you will continue studies in the United States soon. I wish you great success in


your studies and research work.



With best wishes,


Yours sincerely,



Jimmie




贺婴儿诞生




April 10, 2006



Dear Juana:


How happy and proud you must be to have such a beautiful baby girl. Congratulations! From the photo you sent, I


can see she has your blue eyes and Tony?s


dark hair. She?s


perfectly lovely, Juana.



8


Let me know when you decide on a name. And call when you feel up to having visitors


——


I?d love to see her


for myself! All my best to you and Tony.




































































Love,




































































Harold




贺升职



August 11, 2006


Dear Karen,


I was very happy to learn at the regional dinner last night that the next company newsletter will contain an announcement of your stepping up to the


supervision


?s


chair.


Congratulations! You have more than earned this. Keep up the fine performance.


I look forward to seeing you in early July.































































Cordially,































































Ann Haven




贺新婚



March 18, 2006




Dear Mary and Jimmy,



Barbara and I were delighted to receive the announcement of your marriage in today


?


s mail.


Please accept our most sincere congratulations and very lest wishes for all the good fortune in the world.





























































Yours Affectionately,




























































Sherry


6


.邀请书




1


)写作要领


前边我们已经将书信的格式、写法等作了较详细的介绍,邀请书作为书信的一种可参照一般书信的格式去写。 这里就其内容和需注意的地方作


一介绍。


邀请书通常包括正式和非正式两种,语气、用词及格式上有明显差别。


< p>
一般邀请书通常适用于一些平常的事情的邀请,而且邀请人同被邀请人之间又很熟悉。具有简短、热 情的特点。



正式邀请书的格式与一般公务书信相同,信文内容 一般要描述对被邀请人的安排或待遇。邀请熟悉的亲朋好友来做客、聚会或参加活动等属于


非正式邀请,语气亲切、随便,不用太多客套话,但在提建议、请求时也要注意语气和缓、礼貌。这类邀请书没 有固定的标准格式,只要把时间、


地点、活动内容等说清楚即可,但也要注意以下几点:



第一,说明邀请对方参加什么活动、邀请的原因是什么。



第二,将活动安排的细节及注意事项告诉对方。诸如时间、地点、参加人员、人数,做些什么 样的准备及要求的服饰等。



第三,为了方便安排活动,如有必 要,可注明请对方予以回复看看能否应邀及还有哪些要求等。



第四,通常采用第二人称。



第五,希 望被邀请人收到邀请后给予答复的,则须在邀请书上注明


R.S.V

.P



r.s.v.p.


字样,意 为



“请答复”


。有时为了方便联系, 可留下自


己的电话号码或地址。



第六 ,对参加活动的人有什么具体要求也可简单的在邀请书上注明,比如对服装的要求,要求穿礼服时,须在右下角注 明


Dress



Formal


;较


随意时可用:


Dress

< br>:


Informal





2


)范例?







April 11, 2005


Dear Prof. Brown,


We are pleased to invite you as the visiting scholar to come to our college during 1 June to 30 June.


During your stay in our college, would you please give the student of our English Department some lectures on



Modern American Literature


”?


You


will have opportunities to visit our college, the city, and other places you


?


re interested in.


We look forward to welcoming you, and meanwhile we are prepared to do all that is necessary to ensure the complete success of the visit.


With warm personal regards,



Wang Ping




April 30, 2005


Dear Prof. Wang,


I accept with pleasure your kind invitation to come to your college and give some lectures on



Modern American Literature



to the students of your



9


English Department.


I shall arrive at Chengdu on 5th June, and will stay at your college for two weeks, giving lectures 3 times.


Looking forward to meeting you and your students and with best wishes.


Yours sincerely,


Brown

< p>
三、电子邮件(


E-mail


< br>


随着计算机的日益普及、网络技术的迅猛发展和网络服务的不断完善,一种新的 通信手段——电子邮件(


Electronic Mail


,简 称


E-mail


)应运而


生。它因传递 速度快、费用低、再利用性强、便于保存等优点越来越受到人们的青睐。电子邮件不受地城和时间限制,只要通信 双方拥有自己的电


子邮件地址和信箱,便可以随时发送邮件,而且瞬间便可发送到对方。



1.


内容构成及基本格式



电子邮件由信头 、信文、结尾礼词和签名四个部分组成,其格式会因所使用软件的不同而存在一些差异,但一般也有齐头式和混合 式两


种格式:



齐头式:



To: Edward Lin


From: zwq0501@


Cc: philip@


Bcc:






















































Date: March 8, 2006


Subject: Rent


Attachment: Contact
































































Dear Sir or Madam,

< br>………………………………………………………………………………………



……………………………………………………………………………



……………………………………………………………………………………




Best regards,


Jeremy and Trisha Randolph


信头



信文



混合式:



To: Edward Lin


Date: March 8, 2006


Subject: Rent


Attachment: Contact































































Dear Mary,







……… …………………………………………………………………………………



…………………………………………………………………





Best wishes,































































Zhou Chaoping


2.


写作要领




1


)信头(


Heading




一般说来,信头包括四个部分:收件人地址、发件人地址、信件主题和 日期。通常情况下,计算机对信头已有设定,虽然不同软件对各部分


所采用的名称可能略 有不同,但功能相同。发件人只需将相应的内容填进去即可。





To



Mail to


(收件人)


:表示收件人的名字、头衔和邮箱地址。要注意,地址要非常准确, 哪怕是字母的大小写都不能错。





From


(发件人)


:表示发件人或机 构的地址。通常,发出的信件会自动插入发件人的姓名和邮件地址,有时可以省略。




10




Subject


(邮件主题)


:有的软 件会用


Re


代替


Subject


,在主题栏出现


Re


相当于

< br>Regarding


。对于电子邮件来说,设定恰当的主题是非常重


要的,它能使收件人一目了然,分档归类。填写内容应简明地概括信的内容,短的可以是一个单词,如


greetings


;长的可以是一个名词性短


语,也可以是完整句,但长度一般不超过


35


个字母。 注意


Re



Subject

< p>
不要重复使用。




< /p>


Date


(日期)


:很多软件是自动生成 的。





C c


(抄送)



Carbon Copy


的缩写,有时出现


Copy to



Copies to


,都表示该 邮件需抄送给其他人或机构。在此栏填上需抄送邮件地址,电


脑会将信的副本传送到你指 定的邮箱。如需抄送几个人,在邮件地址间用逗号分开。





Bcc


( 暗送、密送)


:表示邮件要抄送给其他人,但隐匿副本收件人的姓名和地址。

< p>




Attachme nts


(附件)


:有时会用


Enclo sure


表示此邮件带有附件。



(< /p>


2


)信文(


Text



信文部分是需要由发件人自己撰写的,


一般包括四个部分:


称谓



S alutation




正文



Body




结尾礼词



Complimentary C lose



和签名


< br>Signature




称谓和 正文之间,段落之间,正文和信尾客套话之间一般空一行,


开头可以不空格





< br>称谓(


Salutation








通常无须使用诸如



Dear Mr. John



之类的表达。


在同辈的亲朋 好友或同事间可以直呼其名,


但对长辈或上级最好使用头衔加上姓。

如:


Tommy



或者

< p>
Mr. Smith


。另外,电子邮件还有它自己独特的称谓方式,可以用 电子邮件的地址作为称谓。例如:


Dear tony@






正文(


B ody




正文的写法并无严格的规定 ,但应遵循主题明确、内容明白、文字简洁的写作要求。正文的内容尽量限制在一个“屏面”里,太长的内容和< /p>


图表、表格、照片等可以以“附件”的方式发出。



在一些非正式电子邮件中,还流行使用一些由首字母或读音组成的缩略词,如:



Asap: as soon as possible.


afaik



As far as I know.


d u wnt 2 go out 2nite: Do you want to go out tonight?




Lol: Laughing out loud




Oic: Oh, I see.




Mte: My thoughts exactly.




Brb: I


?


ll be right back.




c u 2morrow: See you tomorrow.




fanx 4 ur elp: Thanks for your help.




gr8: great




btw: By the way




imho: In my humble opinion




但应注意,在使用这些符号和缩写的时候要视具体情况而定,不宜滥用




3


)结尾礼词(


Compl imentary Close




通 常也很简明。常常只须一个词,如:



Thanks

< p>




Best





Cheers< /p>



,不需要用一般书信中的“


Since rely yours


”或“


Best regards






4


)签名(


Signatu re




将发件人的姓名写在结尾礼词下空一行。



3


.范文



From: “Ben Rainey” <


notbrent@>



To:



Cc:



Sent: Tuesday, May 03, 2005 10:31 PM



Subject: a little problem



Mr. Yang,


Thank you for helping us to get the necessary form to present to the Chinese Embassy or Consulate General for the Student Visa. I will await reception of


the form JW202 by mail.


I enjoyed speaking with you today by telephone. We are happy to know we will be able to attend your university and live on the campus.


Sincerely Yours,


Bill and Cathy Cox


四、明信片(


Postcards




英文明信片一般分为普通明信片和风景明 信片两类。普通明信片正面作信封,反面作信笺,书写格式与私人信件的信封和信笺的格式相似。


风景明信片的正面是画面,因此收信人的姓名,地址写在反面的右边,正文则写往左边。英美人外出旅游 时,喜欢就地购买风景明信片寄给亲友,


让他们分享当地的美景。明信片的内容都较简单 ,毋须保密。



由于没有多大地方可写,所以必须写得简短,通 常略去一些动词,人称代词


(


我/你/他/她

< br>)


和冠词。也可以缩写一些字,尤其是:和(


&



很(


V


)以及姓名的 缩写。




1





11


Postcard


12/24/2005





Hi, Tom,








Long


time


no


see.


How


have


you


been?


Wishing


everything



s


going well with you.








Last week we


moved to Los Angeles


and I got


a better position


here in Hardy company.













Tel. No. 410-3693616









John Smith




Dept. of Maths




University of Missouri




Kansas City, Missouri






















David King



stamp



2




Postcard






Dear Wang,








Hello!


How


have


you


been?


I


hope


you


must


be


quite


fine


and


everything will be going well with you. I



m quite O.K. My address


changed.








3301 W. 23 Ave Bonnyville, Alberta Canada






















Hobert



4/21/06









Mr. Wang Hai-wen




Dept. of Foreign Language




Xichang College, Xichang




Sichuan Pro.



P. R. China



stamp



3:


Postcard


12/24/2005





Dear Miller,








Well, here we are at Qionghai Lake.



At last! Our hotel is very


nice and the food



s good. We are on the 6


th


floor. Our room is small,


but it



s clean and quiet. People here are very friendly. It



s very nice


here.


































Jill










Ms. Arnold Miller




2811 East Park Avenue




Berea, KY 40403




U. S. A.



stamp


五、贺卡(


Greeting Card




贺卡也是一种使用频率很 高的交流媒介,


常用来祝贺生日、


新年、


圣诞节等。


商店出售的贺卡都印有贺词,


所以只需在贺卡上端 写上



To Mr.


x x x



,下端写上“


From x x x



To



F rom


可以省略)


”即可,当然也可以加上自己写的贺词,以示 亲切。贺卡还可以自己制作。另外,许多英美人


平时不喜欢写信,常利用写贺卡的机会告 知对方一些有关自己的生活、工作等情况,这样,贺卡又兼有私人信件的功能。



下面介绍几种常见贺卡



1


.节日贺卡



书写节日贺卡时,语言应能体现出节日的氛围;这类贺卡所含文字内容较少,通常一两句话即可。



(1)


圣诞、新年贺卡



To Mr. & Mrs. Jim Lee Fisher


With Best Wishes


For


A Merry Christmas


























































From Walter Smith




12


Dear Professor Luo:


Christmastide brings me


many happy memories, and you always a vital part of them. As


far back as I can remember you have always taught me too much when I was at the university.



May you enjoy good health and much happiness in the years to come.


(2)


春节贺卡



(2)



(3)



To my best friend Wang Jun,


On this day I send you New Year



s greetings and express my hope for


your happiness and good luck in the Year of Pig.


(4)



From Yang Hong


(3)


生日贺卡



Dear Sophia,


May all your birthday wishes come true.


Happy birthday!


Steven


(4)


毕业贺卡



Dear Xie Hong,


May your future be as successful as your college days.


Good luck on your journey!


Jeremy


第三节



公务书信



公务书信通常指单位、


团体间或个人与单位之间用来联系公务,


有一定使用范围和专门用途 的书信,


包括证明信、


推荐信、


介绍信 、


求职书、


申请书等。其内容应简明扼要,所述信息必须客观、 公正,具有真实有效性。语言文字要规范、严谨。



一、公务书信的结构和格式



公务书信 的结构与私人书信相同,一般也是由信头(


Heading


)< /p>


、信内地址(


Inside address


、称谓(


Salutation



、正文(


Body of the letter

< p>


、结尾


礼词(


Comp limentary close



、签名(

< br>Signature



、附件(


Enclosure



、附笔(


Pos tscript


)八个部分组成。其中附件(


Enclosur e



、附笔(


Postscript< /p>


)两


个部分也可视具体情况取舍。



公务书信的格式也与私人书信大致相同:如公务书信用便笺书写,则与私人书信的格式完全相 同;如公务书信用公用信笺书写,由于公用信笺


一般都将写信单位的地址印在信笺的顶头 中央,则只需要将写信日期写上即可。用公用信笺书写时,日期的写法有以下两种形式:



1


.写在左上方的收信人地址之上:




13
























BEIJING UNIVERSITY



BEIJING



ZIP CODE


),


CHINA








←Heading


(信头)



July 5, 2006


Admissions Office


Achievers International College





←Inside address


(收信人地址)



121 Wharf Street, Brisbane


Queensland 4000


Australia


Dear Sir or Madam:





Salutation

< p>
(称谓)












Body


(正文)























































I am writing to apply for admission to the Western Culture Department of Achievers International College. Enclosed please find my application form, my


high school record for the latest three years, a copy of my TOEFL report, and a copy of the bank receipt for forty dollars wired to you on April 12 to cover


the application fees.



Two


letters


of


recommendation


will


soon


be


sent


to


you


directly


from


my


former


teachers.


Should


further


information


or


material


concerning


my


application be needed, please keep me informed.



Yours sincerely,








Complimentary close


(结尾礼词)



An Ning














←Signature


(签名)



2


.写在信纸的右上方的写信人地址之下:



BEIJING UNIVERSITY



BEIJING



ZIP CODE


),


CHINA








←Heading


(信头)



July 5, 2006


Admissions Office


Achievers International College





←Inside address


(收信人地址)



121 Wharf Street, Brisbane


Queensland 4000


Australia


Dear Sir or Madam:





Salutation


(称谓)













Body


(正文)























































I am writing to apply for admission to the Western Culture Department of Achievers International College. Enclosed please find my application form, my


high school record for the latest three years, a copy of my TOEFL report, and a copy of the bank receipt for forty dollars wired to you on April 12 to cover


the application fees.



Two


letters


of


recommendation


will


soon


be


sent


to


you


directly


from


my


former


teachers.


Should


further


information


or


material


concerning


my


application be needed, please keep me informed.



Complimentary close


(结尾礼词)






Yours sincerely,





Signature


(签名)






An Ning





二、公务书信的种类



公务书信的种类很多,我们在此介绍常见的几种。


< p>
(一)申请书(


Application




申请书是个人或集体向组织表达愿望,向机关、团体、单位领导提出 请求时的一种书信。申请书应把该写的问题写清楚,但也要注意精练。


申请书一般是一事 一书。常用英文申请书一般包括求职申请书和求学申请书。



1


.基本格式及内容



申请书的格式宜采用正规英文书信的格式,内容部分则可详可略。但无论详略程度如何,有三点内容必不 可少:



第一,正式提出申请;



第二,申请的具体事项;



第三,提出申请的理由。



2


.写作要领



申请书的内容和层次要条理清晰,把申请事项、提出申请的原因、目的及自己对该事项的认识、决心或要求写清 楚,便于接受方了解申请方


的意愿、要求和具体情况,以及时研究答复。语言要求准确、 简洁、朴实、具体,忌空泛冗长、夸大其辞。



3


.常见类型



本节着重讲评求学申请书,关于求职申请书在下节介绍。




14



1


)求学申请书(


Application for Studying Abroad




求学申请是为了获得学习的机会而撰写的申请书,因此,申请书内容首先就应当突出自己想申请什么专业、具备什 么条件、将于何时入学等。


同时,为了说明自己的申请资格和动机,申请人还可根据对方 的要求介绍一下自己的学历和相关情况。



求学申请书分两种情 况:第一,已和对方学校取得联系,并已收到对方寄来的申请表和其他材料;第二,尚未收到对方提供的申请表和 其他材


料,写信是为了索取申请表和了解其他相关信息。例如:





申请人已和国外校方有过书信联系 ,并已得到对方提供的入学申请表。这种信实际上是对申请的最终确认,故信中不必再重复自己的其


他情况,只要填写好申请表,按对方需要提供申请人的相关材料即可。并补充一两句话,如“如果还缺 其他材料或有不清楚的地方,请及时通知我”


等。



5 East Ring Road


Beijing, 100031


P.R. China


April, 23 2006


Admissions Office


Achievers International College


121 Wharf Street, Brisbane


Queensland 4000


Australia


Dear Sir or Madam:



I am writing to apply for admission to the Western Culture Department of Achievers International College. Enclosed please find my application form, my high


school record for the latest three years, a copy of my TOEFL report, and a copy of the bank receipt for forty dollars wired to you on April 12 to cover the


application fees.



Two letters of recommendation will soon be sent to you directly from my former teachers. Should further information or material concerning my application be


needed, please keep me informed.



Yours sincerely,



An Ning




申请书想告诉对方自己有意到对方 学校学习,并说明自己的学习动机和选择对方学校的理由。虽然申请人已知对方的专业和奖学金等情况,


但尚未和对方取得联系,未得到相关申请表。因此这封信兼有申请和索取信息的双重作用。



The Education Department


Beijing University


Beijing, China


March 20, 2006


International Student Center


San Diego State University


San Diego, CA 92024


U.S.A.


Dear Sir or Madam:


I am applying to you for the graduate program towards Master?s degree in the field of Special Education. I graduated from Bei


jing University with a BA in


Education two years ago and am a staff


member at Haidian


School of


Beijing, teaching and helping with the handicapped. I find this job really tough and


challenging. In order to help my students better their lives in the future and to further my knowledge of this area as well, I determine to continue my graduate


study


with


you


as


San


Diego


State


University


has


remained


a


leading


edge


in


Special


Education.


Also,


I


would


like


to


apply


for


Graduate


Fellowship


to


International students. Could you please send me the application forms of these?


Thank you very much. I look forward to hearing from you soon.


Yours sincerely,


Zhang Xiao



2


)奖学金申请书(


Applications for Scholarships




奖学金 申请书是在具备一定条件的情况下,向对方申请某个学科专业相应的奖学金而撰写的一种应用文。同时,为了说明 自己的申请资格和动


机,申请人还可根据对方的要求介绍一下自己的学历和相关情况。例 如:





申 请出国留学奖学金,但信中的内容很全面,介绍了申请人的专业情况并向对方索取信息与申请表格



The Engineering Department


Beijing Science and Engineering University


Beijing, China


March 20, 2006


The Engineering Department


San Diego State University


San Diego, CA 92024



15


U.S.A.


Dear Sir




I


should


like


to


apply


for


one


of


the


scholarships


that


your


department


may


be


offering


to


students


from


other


countries.


Would


you


please


send


me


the


necessary application forms and any further details about the scholarships?


I am a postgraduate student in Beijing Science and Engineering University. I major in microelectronics engineering, and do some research work during my


study years. I hope to have a further study and continue to do my research work if I succeed in obtaining the engineering scholarship.


Enclosed please find two letters of recommendation and my score report card. Thank you for your consideration. I look forward to your reply.


Respectfully yours,


Ma Minghao







国内院校的某个学科领域的奖学金申请书



May 8, 2006


Dear Sir,


I am writing to you in the hope of obtaining the scholarship in history to support my study and some research work.


I am a graduate student in the Department of History in the Northeast University for Nationalities. In addition to study and research work, I also write books.


Recently I have finished a book on the history of the Oroqen nationality in China, which is to be published by the World Book Publishing House in the coming


year. I would like to focus on that field for my advanced studies.


Enclosed please find three letters of recommendation and my resume. Thank you for your time and consideration.


I look forward to your reply.


Respectfully yours,


Li Ming



(三)求职书




Application for a Position




求职书实际上是 应聘过程的一部分,即事先已知有单位需要招聘人,自己不仅符合应聘条件,而且想得到这份工作,于是向用人单 位提出书面


申请,是向用人单位和评审人介绍自己有关情况、表明求职意图、希望对方予 以任用的一种书信。



1


.基本格式及内容



求职信的格式宜采用正规英文书信的格式,内容部分详略程度应根据具体情况而定,基本包括以下内容:




1


)向对 方表示意愿、恳请或致谢,表明求职意图;




2


)本人基本情况介绍(详细情况可附个人简历);




3


)自荐理由和求职目标;




4


)表明态度和决 心;





5


)附件(个人简历及其他相关材料)。



2


.写作要领



本人情况介绍要实事求是,不夸大其辞,也不妄自菲薄,要自信地全面地介绍自己的情况,包括自己的有关经历 、业务专长、所获成果、适合


从事何种工作等,也可根据专长和对方要求做相应的个性发 挥,扬长避短,展示自己的实力;表达对今后工作的构想,应恰如其分;表明决心和信


心 ,态度要诚恳。



3


.范例




1


)毕业生求职书


< br>求职书语言简洁明了,既表达求职愿望,也提供个人基本情况。由于应届毕业生相对缺乏丰富的工作经历, 在信中提供个人基本情况是可取的


一种方法


< br>避免信后附个人简历时显得经历贫乏,内容单薄。例如:



No. 1752


London, England


May 16, 2006


Richard Thomas Baldwin Ltd.


151 Gower Street


London, England


Gentlemen:


From time


to time, no doubt, you require the services


of


young women


expertly


trained


in


secretary, I


?


d like to apply for


the post in answer


to your ad in


today


?


s



Daily Mirror



.



My qualifications are as follows:



Age:















Twenty-one


Sex:
















Female



16


Place of birth:








London


Education:











Commercial college graduate


Experience:










Two years private secretary to Mr. Evans Smith, General manager of the Universal Trading Company during my college time.



If these meet your requirements, please grant me an interview at your convenience.



Thank you in advance of your early reply.



Yours sincerely,



Edward Mary



2


)在职人员求职书




首先告知对方所求职位的信息来源,


并明确表明自己的求职愿望。

然后对自己的资质有针对性地做简要介绍,


以期对方能据此做出判断和选择。


在叙述本人的工作经历时,抓住与所求职位密切相关的内容,突出重点和亮点,至于其他更详细 的信息则在简历中作补充。例如:



The Chinese Literature Department


Beijing University


Beijing, China


March 20, 2006


The Linguistics Department


San Diego State University


San Diego, CA 92024


U.S.A.


Dear Dr. Anderson,


Mr. Li Quan who has just returned to China from your university informed that you are considering the possibility of offering a Chinese language course to


your students in the next academic year and may have an opening for a teacher of the Chinese language. I am very much interested in such a position.


I have been teaching Chinese literature and composition at college level since 1983. In the past three years, I have worked in summer programs, teaching the


Chinese language and culture to students from English-speaking countries. As a result, I got to know well the common problems of these students and how to


adapt teaching to achieve the best results.


With years of intensive English training, I have no difficulty conducting classes in English and feel quiet comfortable working with American students.


I will be available after July 2006. Please feel free to contact me if you wish more information. Thank you very much for your consideration and I look forward


to hearing from you.


Sincerely yours,


Wang Hong


Enclosure 1






























RESUME


Name














Wang Hong


Sex
















Male


Birth Date










January 22,1960


Marital Status







Married; with a 13-year-old daughter, Wang Yu; my wife, Tian Jin, faculty member of sociology Department, Beijing University, China


Residence










56 Chongwen Street, Beijing City, P.R. China


Mailing Address




Chinese Literature Department, Beijing University, 100027, People


?


s Republic of China


Telephone









(Home ) (O) 101-46221005


Current Position




Professor of Linguistics, Chinese Literature Department, Beijing University


The courses I have taught at this department include:



1. Chinese Composition And Rhetoric ( for postgraduates )


2. Stylistics And Rhetoric ( for postgraduates )


3. Literary Criticism ( for postgraduates )


4. Linguistics (for postgraduates )


Work Experiences


Sept. 1980



Aug. 1983


Sept. 1983



Aug. 1993


Sept. 1993



Present







Other Experiences


Dec. 1996



Present






Educational Background


Sept. 1977



Aug.1980





























Sept. 1980



Aug. 1986





Sept. 1987



Mar. 1990





BA in Chinese Language And Literature,



Beijing Normal University


MA graduate in English Literature, Beijing University


Ph.D. in Linguistics, University of California, Santa Barbara


Deputy secretary, China Comparative Literature Association



No. 13 Middle School, Beijing



Lecture, Professor of Linguistics, Chinese Literature Department, Beijing University


Professor, Beijing University



17


Publications (To name a few )



Style and Structure in Literature.



Critical Inquiry, Vol. 20 (1998 )



Art and Reality


. Cambridge University Press, 1999


Hobbies & Interests:








Classical music; chess games; literature; writing.



(四)表扬信



表扬信是对他人的高尚 行为表示赞扬的书信。在信中表彰、颂扬其先进事迹与品质。与感谢信有一定的相似之处。




1


.基本格式及内容



表扬信的基本格式与一般的英文书信类似,


都是由


Le tterhead /Heading


(信头)



Salutation


(称谓)


< br>Body of a letter



正文)

< p>


Complimentary close


(信 尾敬语)



Signature


(签名 )等组成。标题写成“表扬信”即可。称谓一般写给被表扬人的上级领导单位。开头身份简介,提及表扬的人或事 。


接下来写事迹经过,详细介绍值得表扬之处,表达感受,对先进事迹进行热情的赞扬, 并表示向其学习的决心。结尾提出祝愿与希望。



2


.写作要领



写表扬信感情要真挚,语气要诚恳,赞扬不要太过分,语言要热情而自然。




3


.范例



因病住院,对医护人员的医德、服务、环境卫生等进行表扬。例如:


Dear Sir:











I am a businessman from America, and my name is David Smith. Last month it was the first time that I traveled to Beijing for business, signing a contract with


a


Chinese


food


company.


Unfortunately


I


got


a


bad


flu


and


then


had


a


fever.


I


was


sent


to


your


hospital.


Because


my


temperature


was


nearly


40


degree


centigrade, I was asked to be in hospital. I worried about my business and the delay of signing the contact would lead to great losses to my company. However,


after the doctors


?


careful treatment and nurses


?


patient care, I was recovered only in 4 days.



I completed the negotiation with the food company smoothly and signed the contract on time finally. So I sincerely appreciate all the staffs in your hospital


who helped me full-heartedly. I was deeply impressed by the kind doctors and nurses, the pleasant and comfortable environment, and considerate services. I


have no relatives and friends in Beijing, but I felt at home in your hospital. I will always remember all those warmhearted persons and your hospital in my


heart.


Best wishes to you all!


Faithfully yours,


David Smith



4


.常用句型



For this reason, I am writing to express my heartfelt thanks and hope that your company will have a brighter future.


He deserves praise for what he has done.


I am greatly impressed by….



I am greatly inspired by….



I am writing because I appreciate ve


ry much what Mr./Miss…from your company has done.



I am writing to tell you how highly I think of….



It is your good service as well as excellent food that help you set up a world reputation.


What he has done shows that….



(五)介绍信(


Letter of Introduction




介绍信 是用于介绍有关人员身份及相关情况的专用书信。具有介绍情况、联系双方和证明身份的作用。

< br>


1


.写作要领



写介绍信时,


首先注意它的体裁是书信,


所以得遵守 书信的格式,


通常包含有


6


部分:


信头



Heading

寄信人的地址和日期)



信内地址



Inside


Address


收信 人地址)



称谓


Salutation




正文< /p>



Body




结束语



Complimentary Close



和签名



Signature




有时 还有一些附加部分:


查询材料



Ref erence



,


烦交行(


Attention Line



,事由(


Subject Line/Title



,复印件(


C opies



,内附(


Enclosu res


)和又及(


Postscript/P.S


)等。



正文部分包括介绍第三者的姓名、


职业并阐释清楚我们介绍第三者的目的和原因。


因为要请求帮助第三者,


所以还包括感谢亲友的帮助部分;


如果是请收信人与被介绍人共 同合作,则对合作表示乐观。正文得遵循简短、精炼的原则。



2


.常见类型



私人介绍信和正式介绍信两种。



(< /p>


1


)私人介绍信(


Private Introductory Letter




私人介绍信是写信人向亲友介绍第三者,语气亲切随便,格式随意。由于写作的目的(

< br>the purpose in writing an introductory letter


)是写信人


向亲友介绍第三者(


a third person



,让亲友不便拒绝,从而接纳并帮 助第三者,所以写作之前要认真思考,只有当确信收信人愿意帮助第三者时,


才开始写介 绍信。例如:





请求给予被介绍人工作方面的帮助



186 Spring Eind Avenue


Yiyang City, Hunan


May 18, 2006



Professor Wallace,


This is to introduce to you the bearer, Mr. Liu Shi, who stands in urgent need of your help. Mr. Liu, a technician of our plant, wants to know in detail


about the use and maintenance of trucks. I believe you will be kind enough to give him information, guidance and assistance.



18

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