-
Heavy Oil Development Technology of Liaohe
Oilfield
Han Yun
(Scientific
Research
Information
Department
Exploration&Development
Research
Institute
，
Liaohe
Oilfield Company)
Liaohe
Oilfield
，
the largest heavy
oil production base in
China
，
features in various
reservoir
types
，
deep
burial
，
and wide range of
crude oil viscosity
．
For many
years
，
a series of
technologies have been developed for different oil
products and reservoir
types of the
oilfield
，
of which water
flooding
，
foam slug
drive
，
steam
stimulation
，
steam drive,and
SAGD are the main technologies. After continuous
improvement
，
they have been
further developed and played an important role in
the development of
heavy oil in the
oilfield
．
Liaohe
Oilfield
is
abundant
in
heavy
oil
resourc
es
，
46
％
of
the
total
proved
reserves of Liaohe
Oilfield Company. Horizontally the resources
concentrates in the
West Depression and
the southern plunging belt of the Central Uplift
in Liaohe Rift.
Vertically,it
is
mainly
distributed
in
Paleocene
Shahejie
Formation(ES).
The
distinctive geological feature of
Liaohe 0ilfield is manifested in three aspects
：
first
，
the
heavy
oil
reservoirs
are
deeply
buried
and
80
％
of
them
are
buried
more
than
900m
deep
；
second
< br>，
the
heavy
oil
viscosity
ranges
widely
．
For
most
of
the
reservoirs
．
the
dead
oil
viscosity
ranges
in
100
～
100000mPa·
s
with
the
maximum
650000mPa·
the
reservoir
types
are
various
with
complicated
oil
—
water
relationship
，
most
of the reservoirs are edge water and bosom water
reservoirs and
there are also edge
water reservoirs
，
top water
reservoirs and bosom water
reservoirs
．
For
more than 20 years of
development
，
Liaohe Oilfield
has developed series of
heavy oil
development
technologies for different
oil products
and different
types of
reservoirs
，
such
as water flooding, foam slug drive,steam
stimulation steam drive and
SAGD
．
The most
difficult issues have been overcome in the
development of the super
heavy oil in
deeper formation
．
which has
maintained the annual heavy oil output at 8
million tons for many years in Liaohe
Oilfield
．
Water
flooding
development
technology
for
conventional
heavy oil-type 1
Based on heavy
oil classification,the conventional heavy
oil
．
type I refers to the
heavy
oil
with
viscosity
ranging
in
50
～
100mPa·
s
，
taking
up
about
20
％
of
the
proved oil reserves of
the oilfield
．
The heavy oil
reservoirs of this type
are
buried
ranging from 1 500m to 2400m
deep and are capable of flowing
．
Therefore
，
natural
energy is utilized for conventional
development and then water flooding technology is
used
．
For
example
，
the reservoir of
$$32 oil unit of Block
Leng-43 is buried 1 650
～
l
940m
deep
with
the
average
oil
zone
87.7m
thick
and
the
oil
viscosity
in
situ
58mPa·
s
．
In 1992
，
the 141 m spacing
square well pattern was adopted to develop the
kind of reservoirs by utilizing natural
energy and two sets of oil production
zones
．
In
2004
，
water
flooding
technology
was
applied.
Currently,the
degree
of
reserve
recovery reaches
14
％．
the annual oil recovery
rate is 1
％，
and the ultimate
recovery
ratio is predicted to be as
high as 22
％
．
Technology of foam slug and for
conventional heavy oil-type
steam
flooding for conventional heavy oil-type 2
The
upper
limit
of
viscosity
for
the
conventional
heavy
oil
—
type
II
is
l
0000mPa·
s(the dead oil
viscosity in situ)
．
This kind
of heavy oil is the dominant type
of
heavy oil in Liaohe
Oilfield
，
accounting for
60
％
of total
proved reserves
．
The
reservoir
of
such
heavy
oil
is
buffed
800-1
600m
deep
in
genera1.
At
initial
development
stage,
steam
stimulation
was
carried
out
to
develop
this
kind
of
reservoirs
．
In the
higher cycles of steam
flooding
，
the reservoirs with
the heavy oil
viscosity close to the
lower limit of this kind of heavy oil are
conversed into the steam
drive
development
．
Pilot
tests
of
foam
slug
and
steam
flooding
have
conducted
in
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
上一篇：电镀颜色英文专业中英词汇详解对照
下一篇：励磁专业英语