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8B
UNT 1
课文讲解
教学过程：
1.
知识要点：
ary
adj.
自愿的
voluntary work
义务性工作
volunteer n.
自愿者
pr
ep.(
介词
)“
在
< br>...
期间
”
用在已知的时期、
节日或表示时间观念的名词之前，
其后通
常接
the
、
this
、
that
、
these
、
those
、
m
y
、
your
、
his??
等词。
→
during the last four days
during the winter
during that time
during my
holidays
（
summer
vacation
）
during our
stay in Japan
[
知识扩展
]for
则用以表示
“
有限的
”
或
“
无限的
”
时间概念，
通常其后接冠词、
数词，
复数名词或副词
ever
。
→
for the first time
第一次
for a while
一会儿
for
ever
永远
for a couple of weeks
（
days
）
for
two months
（
weeks
）
for many years
v.
给予
,
提供
;
拿出
①
offer sb sth
提供某人某物
= offer sth to sb
→
He
offered me a glass of
wine.
他端给我一杯酒。
=
②愿意，主动提出做某事
offer to do sth
→
They
offered
（
help
）
me.
他们表示愿意帮助我。
→
He
offered
（
lend
）
me some books.
他表示要借给我几本书。
v.
遭受（痛苦）
suffer
from
因
...
受苦，受折磨，尤其指长期或习惯性地。
→
He suffers from several diseases at
present.
目前他身患几种疾病。
→ Sometimes I
suffer from
toothaches.
有时我遭受牙疼之苦。
adj.
生病的
(
只能作表语，常用于系动词后
)
=sick
（既可以作表语，也可以作定语）
illness
n.
（某种）病
（复数
illnesses
）
→She was ill yesterd
ay.=
→She offers to help
people.
v.
想要
want to do sth = would like to do =
feel like doing sth
想要做某事
→She wanted
(paint) a picture of the park near her
home .
→
→
v.
使用
use
sth to do sth
=use sth for
doing sth
使用某物做某事
→They use water
(make) electricity.
=
[
知识扩展
]
①
used to do sth
过去常常做某事（用于过去持续或经常发生的事）
→
We
used
（
go
）
sailing on the lake in summer.
从前的夏天，我们经常泛舟湖上。
②
be
/get used to doing sth
习惯于做某事
→
I
am not used to
（
eat
）
so much at lunchtime.
我不习惯午饭吃那么多。
→
We are used to
(get) up early
.
我们现在习惯于早起。
③
be used as
“
被用作
...”
→
This
word can
also be used as a verb.
这个词也可以用作动词。
9.
organize v.
组织
organization
n.
组织
→We organized a football match
.
我们组织了一场足球比赛。
10. teach v.
教（书）
teacher
n.
老师
过去式
taught
teach sb.
to do sth
教某人做某事
→ We taught them
(swim) in the
swimming pool .
11. help
v.&n
帮助
helpful
adj.
有帮助的，乐于助人的
help sb. (to)do sth = help sb. with sth
帮助某人做某事
→ I often help my mother
(do) housework.
=
v.
花（时间，金钱）
过去式
spent
过去分词
spent
spend time with
sb.
花时间和某人在一起
→ We should spend more time
with our parents
.
我们应该花更多的时间和父母在一起。
[
知识扩展
]
①
spend sth =
pay
花金钱在某物身上
=
物
cost .
→I
spent 30 yuan
that book.
那本书我花了
30
元。
C. in
=
=
②
人
spend st./sm. (in) doing
sth
花
(
时间
,
金钱）做某事
=
It
takes sb. st./sm. to do
sth .
→ He spent two
hours
(finish) his homework.
=
13. die (v.)
–
death (n.)
–
dead
(adj.)-
dying (V-ing)
死
死亡
死亡的
垂死的
①
His father
in an accident
a few months ago .
②
She
cried after hearing his
.
③
There is a
mouse on the road .
adj.
孤独的，寂寞的
alone adj.
独自一人的
→The old woman lives
,but she doesn’t feel
.
A.
lonely
B. alone
n.
朋友
friendship n.
友谊
friendly adj.
be
friendly to sb.
对
...
友好
v.
需要
人
need to do sth
人需要做某事
物
need doing sth
物需要做某事（表被动）
→After a long walk ,they needed
(have) a rest
.
长途跋涉之后，他们需要休息。
→You car needs
(wash).
你的车需要清洗了。
e n.
勇气
encourage v.
鼓励
encourage sb to do sth
鼓励某人去做某事
→
The teacher encourages me
(study) hard.
老师鼓励我要努力学习。
ue v.
继续
continue doing
sth
继续做某事（同一件事
,
未做
完）
= go on doing
→The farmers
continued
(work) in the fields after having lunch
.
农夫们午饭后继续在田地
里劳作。
→
continue to do
sth
继续做某事（另外一件事，已经完成一件工作）
→I will
continue
(do) voluntary work in the future .
vt.(
及物动词
)
(
过去式
raised
过去分词
raised )
①筹募
raise money
筹钱
②举起，抬起（头手足等）
raise one’s hand /head
举手
/
抬头
→He
raised his
arms above his head.
他把手臂举过头顶
③养育
raise a family
养家
[
知识扩展
] rise
vi.(
不及物动词
)
升起，
（过去式
rose
过去分词
risen
）
其主语通常是日月云烟，物价等，指人时，表
“
站起，起床
”
→The sun rises
in the east.
太阳从东边升起。
→The prices are rising.
ulty n.
困难，难处
difficult adj.
困难的
have difficulty doing sth
= It’s difficult for sb to do sth
做某事有困难
→They have difficulty
(walk) or
(move).
=
.
ed
adj.
丧失能力的，有残疾的
disabled people
残疾人
able
adj.
有能力的
be able to do sth = can
能够做某事
→She is able
(sing). =
s v.
表达
expression
n.
表达
名为
=named
a girl
called / named
Cindy
一个名为辛迪的女孩
24. in order to do sth
目的在于，为了
= in order that
+
从句
=so as to do =so that
+
从句
→She got up early in order
to catch the early bus .
=
=
=
课内单词巩固：
1.
筹募；增加；提高
v.
2.
准许，批准
n.
3.
丧失能力的；有残疾的
adj
4.
青少年
n.
5.
主动提出
v.
6.
受苦；受折磨
v.
7.
严重的
adj.
8.
（某种）病
n.
9.
组织
v.
10.
表达
v.
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