商务活动中的中西方文化差异-商务英语-毕业论文

words

：

International

business

；

Cultural

differences

；

Strat egies

Introduction

Joins

World

Trade

Organization

along

with

our

country,

the

foreign

commercial

activity

is

day

by

day

frequent,

the

foreign

commercial

negotiations

also

rapidly

increases.

Not

only

the

international

commercial

negotiations

is

the

economical

domain

exchange

and the

cooperation,

moreover is

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between the various countries' culture collision and the

communication.

The

international

commercial

negotiations

carries

on

which

between

the

different

national

﹑

different

nationality

is

so.

Receives

respective

national

﹑

nationality

along

with

the

international

commercial

negotiations the political

﹑

economy

﹑

culture and so on

many

kinds

of

factor

influence,

but

most

difficult

assurance

is the cultural element. In the cultural difference caused

in

the

international

commercial

negotiations

cultural

collision even to conflict, therefore, wanted the smooth

development commerce activity, had to understand different

national

the

cultural

context

and

the

difference,

and

enhanced

strong

points

and

avoid

weaknesses

in

this

foundation, formulate reasonably should to the strategy,

could

accomplish

a

task

with

ease

in

the

international

commercial activity, moves towards successfully.

1. cultural differences showing in international commerce

1.1 value differences.

The values took cultural the core factor, including the

world

outlook,

the

outlook

on

life,

the

relations

between

the

human

and

the

nature,

the

moral

standard

and

so

on.

displays

for

certain

conforms

to

the

social

culture,

has

the

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durability,

and

the

stability,

of

accepting

the

faith

generally for the members of different social classes.

China

is

taking

the

kernel

as

core

Confucianism,

initiates

one

kind

of

person

own,

interpersonal,

the

human

and

society's

harmonious

principle,

also

is

collectivism.

Collectivism

emphasis

team

goal,

team

spirit.

It

may

be

called

the collectivism culture, the collectivism culture member is

willing to sacrifice individual benefit, the demand and the

goal for community's benefit. Because of this, when carrying

on

the

exchange,

Chinese

people

emphasized

the

personal

interest must be subordinated to the social overall benefit,

only

when

the

entire

society

obtains

the

development,

individual can obtain the biggest benefit.

But the Western country is the individualism occupies its

cultural core position. The western culture highlights the

individual value, individual will, individual dignity, the

individual freedom, individual emotion, the individual right

and

the

personal

interest.

The

entire

society

esteems

the

individualism

vigorously,

emphasized

extremely

the

self-value

realization, and weighs the life value by individual success.

The

material

receives

supremely

extremely

takes

the

main

characteristic which is the Western culture individual value

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discusses supremely. Therefore, they in the exchange always

take

oneself

as

the

center,

namely

take

passing

on

as

the

center,

the

exchange

language

is

straightforward,

namely

take

the

result as the guidance. In order to achieve own goal, do not

hesitate to use each kind to convince the skill.

1.2.

differences

in

language

and

non-language

expressions.

Because of the long-term cultural inheritance ,different

countries

have

formed

the

bright

language

culture.

The

Chinese

culture fastidious

humbly

﹑

contains;

“

Thanks

”

such

reply.

in

the

Chinese

custom the

saying

“

not

need

to

thank

”

“

is

impolite

”

;

But

in

English

the

reply

is

“

That'

s

all

right.

”

(Relations), even if it is a easy case.

”

(Slight effort), it

had

reflected

its

honesty

.

individuality

makes

it

widely

known

as foreign land culture.

In

the

international

commercial

negotiations,

negotiations all quarters besides use the spoken language to

exchange, but also through hand signal

﹑

facial expression

and

so

on

body

languages

expresses

own

opinion

and

the

feeling.

As

a

result

of

the

cultural

difference,

the

body

language

expression

way

and

its

meaning

differ

from.

If

in

world

majority

countries

and

area,

the

people

many

nod

the

expression

approval

or

accept, shakes

the head

the

expression

not

to

agree with

or

6

the

opposition,

but

is

actually

opposite

in

South

African

some

countries, the people express the denial with the nod, with

shakes the head expresses the approval, this frequently makes

and it negotiations foreign merchant is puzzled

1.3 mode differences.

The mode of thinking is related to the social culture .

forming a thinking mode in the different social culture is

structured

to

have

the

differences

.Because

of

the

geographical

position.,

the

natural

environment,

the

race

origin,

the

historical vicissitude and the religious belief, the custom

culture

and

the

other

differences,

it

then

was

formed

differently,

it

had

respective

national

culture

characteristic

consideration

question,

the

understanding

thing

thinking

mode.

1.3.1

perceptual

thought

and

logical

thinking

differences.

Chinese's thinking mode is perceptual Chinese's thinking

in

images

way

emphasizes

by

the

shape

sees

the

principle,

opens

by America really. It emphasizes is decides the goal or the

result value standpoint of assess as according to some clear

limits.

The

Chinese

takes

regarding

the

direct-viewing

experience,

but

theoretically

often

pauses in

the

empiricism.

But

westerner's

thinking

mode

is

rational,

logic.

Westerner's abstract thinking way, emphasizes the conceptual

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analysis,

the

logic

reasoning.

It

emphasizes

does

not

have

any

value color the fact.

1.3.2

differences

between

unification

thought

and

opposition

thought

China traditional culture emphasized

“

the human and a

world

myriad

things

body

”

,

“

gathers

take

the

beauty

one

”

as

the highest boundary. Therefore the Chinese is familiar with

observing the thing as a whole and regarding the universe

as a

whole,

conducting the

synthetic

study

from

the

prospect

view.

The

western

unique

sea

land

staggered

geography

characteristic bred in the Western culture to dare to inquire

into the nature, the attention analysis, the attention object

important

guest

body,

the

friendly

analysis

thinking

mode,

the

thinking

mode

they

used

mainly

was

the

synthesis

thinking

mode

which

embarked

from

the

concept

of

viewing

the

entire

situation.

In

the

international

commercial

negotiations,

the

Chinese

negotiates

the

way

is

first

the

bulking

property

principle

and

the common interest which observes together on the related

contract both sides institute launches the discussion. They

mainly

care

about

are

the

bilateral

long-term

cooperation

possibility, therefore they avoid in the negotiations outset

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