-
Translation Exercises (with reference keys)
(for the third grade English majors)
Part One: Sentences
Exercise 1
Comprehension and Expression ..........
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.......
1
Exercise 2
Articles ..............................
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2
Exercise 3
The
translation of “It”
.
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....................................
3
Exercise 4
The expletive
“There”
...............................
..................................................
.
4
Exercise 5
Passive voice .............
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.................................
5
Exercise 6
Nouns in English ..........
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..............................
5
Exercise 7
Prepositions ..............
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..................................
6
Exercise 8
Diction
（用词）
............
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7
Exercise 9
Amplification
（增益）
.
..................................................
...........................
8
Exercise 10
Omission
（省略）
.
..................................................
................................
9
Exercise 11
Conversion
（词性转换）
.
................................................ .......................
9
Exercise 12
Inversion
（调整词序）
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..................................
1
0
Exercise 13
Negation
（反译）
.......................
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........
11
Exercise 14
Division
（拆译）
.......................
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.........
1
2
Exercise 1
Comprehension and Expression
1.
That’s
all Greek
to
me.
那个我一窍不通。
2.
He
was up to his
neck
in debt.
他负债累累。
< br>（或：他债台高筑。
）
3.
The
enemy troops
fled in
disorder
.
敌军狼奔豕突。
（豕
sh
ǐ
,
猪）
4.
The
naughty boy was upsetting the other children, so I
showed him the door
.
那个顽皮的孩子扰乱别的孩子，所以我把他撵走了。
5.
You
have my
sympathy
.
我同情你。
6.
A great elation
overcomes
them.
他们欣喜若狂。
7.
March,
1913
found
me working in a
small constructional firm.
1913
< br>年
3
月，我在一家小型建筑公司工作。
< br>
8.
All our sympathies are with
you.
我们完全同情你。
9.
Washington in that time was a place for
Movement people
to come for
money, not marches.
那时候青年激进分子到华盛顿来是为了筹款
，而不是搞游行示威。
10.
I am not a
smoker.
我不抽烟。
11.
The
Security Council has
been seized of
the question since December 1963.
安理会从
1963
年
12
月以来就一直受理这个问题。
12.
Stop
selling
me to
him.
别在他面前美言我。
13.
There’s no
pot so ugly it can’t find a lid.
姑娘再丑，也不愁配偶。
（锅子再癞，也不愁没盖儿。
）
1
14.
The enemy
was extremely
disturbed
.
敌人慌了手脚。
15.
(1) a broken
man
一个绝望的人
(2) a broken
soldier.
一个残废兵
(3) broken money
零钱
16.
(1) We can
make out the meaning of the word from the
context
.
我们可以从上下文明白这个词的意思。
(2) We should settle the
disputes in the
context
of
the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence.
我们应本着和平共处五项原则的精神解决争端。
(3) It is in this
context
that the tragedy of
Sahara was born.
就是在这种情况下产生了撒哈拉悲剧。
(4) We must operate within
the
context
of the general
guide lines.
我们必须根据总的指导方针采取行动。
(5)
In
this
context
,
I’ve
to
call
your
attention
to
the
fact
that
the
peaceful
trend
in
the
Indo-China Peninsula is essential to
peace in the world.
关于这一点，我已提醒你注意，印支半岛的
和平趋势对整个世界和平是必不可少的。
Exercise 2
Articles
1.
Why
don’t you open
a
window here, for God’s sake?
我的天，你干嘛不打开一扇窗户呢？（数量具有重要意义）
2.
We should have bought
the
land next door.
当初我们真该把隔壁那块地买下来。
（特指）
3.
There
was
a
big snow yesterday.
昨天下了一场大雪。
（数量具有重要意义）
4.
I could stay for a day or two, but as
for staying a week, it would be
out of
the question
.
我可以待上一两天，但要待上一个星期，那是不行的。
5.
His courage and integrity is
out of question
.
他的勇气和正直是无可怀疑的。
6.
A parrot
can talk like a man.
鹦鹉会象人一样讲话。
< br>（泛指，不宜译出）
7.
The pen
is mightier than the sword.
文字的力量大于武力。<
/p>
（或：笔比剑更有力。
）
8.
The
proton
has
a
positive
charge
and
the
electron
a
negative
charge,
but
the
neutron
has
neither.
质子带正电荷，电子带负电贺，中子既不带
正电贺也不带负电荷。
9.
The
“Flying Eagle” is
flying from London to
Edinburgh.
“飞鹰”号班机正在由伦敦飞往爱丁堡。
2
10.
A fall into
the pit, a gain in your wit.
吃一堑，长一智。
11.
Please take
the medicine three times a
day.
这种药，请每天服用三次。
12.
This car
travels twenty miles to
the
gallon.
这辆汽车每加仑汽油可以行驶
20
英里。
13.
On
my
return
home
the
scene
revisited
my
mind,
greeting
my
eyes
with
the
verdant,
luxurious meadow,
the
red-attired clusters of
florets,
the
neighing,
galloping steeds and
the
heroic
eagles soaring high in the air.
在归途中，
回忆起当时的情景，
历历如
在眼前：
那绿荫似锦的草地，
那万紫千红的花簇，
那嘶鸣奔驰的骏马，还有那在高空中翱翔的雄鹰。
Exercise 3
The translation of “It”
1.
It is wrong to tell a
lie.
说谎是不对的。
2.
He does
not think it wrong to tell a lie.
他不认为说谎是不对的。
3.
It is
easy to learn English, but it is difficult to
attain perfection in
it.
英文易学难精。
4.
It may
be advisable to wait till they come back.
最好等他们回来。
5.
She had
said what it was necessary to say.
要说的她都说了。
6.
He took
it upon himself to pay off the debt.
他自愿负责还清债务。
7.
I know
it to be the established custom of your sex to
reject a man on the first application.
(Jane Austin)
我知道拒绝男子的第一次求婚是那么女性固有的习惯。
8.
Fortunately I have it in my power to
introduce you to very superior society.
幸而我还有能力把你介绍给非常上流的社会。
9.
Make it the first object to be able to
fix and hold your attention upon your studies.
把专心致志于学业，并持之以恒，作为第一目标。
10.
It is foolish of him to set himself to
perform an impossibility.
他真是愚笨，让自己去做那不可能的事。
11.
It is no use talking about it.
空谈无益。
12.
I think it
rather dangerous your venturing out to sea.
我想你冒险出海是相当危险的。
13.
It often
happens that the biter is
bit.
请看剃头者，人亦剃其头。
14.
How is it
that you are late?
你怎么会迟到的？
15.
It occurred to me (that) there was no
time to lose.
我感到事情十分迫切。
16.
You must see to it that no harm comes
to her.
你必须注意不要伤害她。
17.
No one wished it to be known that he
failed to see the wonderful clothes.
3
谁也不希望别人知道他没有看见皇帝的新衣。
18.
Rumour has it that there will be war.
有谣传说快要打仗了。
19.
(1) You are
guilty.
你有罪。
(2) It is you that are guilty.
有罪的是你。
20.
(1) We should be grateful to men like
Edison.
我们应该感激爱迪生这样的人。
(2) It is to men like
Edison that we should be grateful.
我们应该感激的是爱迪生这样
的人。
21.
It is not helps but obstacles that make
a man.
使人成功的，不是助力，而是阻力。
22.
It was not till evening that we got the
news.
我们到了晚上才得到消息。
23.
It is a wise father that knows his own
child. (Merchant of Venice)
任何聪明的父亲都不见得完全了解自己的儿子。
24.
It
is a fact that
it
has to be written very
carefully into a job description just what a
secretary's
duties are, or she will be
told to clean off the desk, pick up cleaning and
the like.
显而易见
,
应该将秘书的职责写得一清二楚
,
不然就会让她们去擦桌子
,
倒垃圾以及诸
如此类的事情。
Exercise 4
The expletive
“There”
1.
There's
a message for you from your cousin.
你表兄给你捎来个口信。
2.
There
are several facets to this question.
这个问题有几个方面。
3.
There
are some disadvantages in living in the country,
but, by and large, we like country life.
在乡间生活有许多不利因素，但总的来说，我们是喜欢乡村的。
4.
There is nothing settled, nothing staid
in this universe.
在这个宇宙里没有什么是确定的，
没有什么是不变的。
5.
There is
no knowing what may happen.
未来的事情无法知道。
6.
There is
no accounting for tastes.
嗜好各有不同，是无法说明的。
7.
There is
no getting along with him.
跟他是无法相处的。
8.
There is
no telling when he will arrive.
不知道他何时到达。
9.
There
had
always
been
excitable,
but
now
he
was
beside
himself:
there
was
no
reasoning
with him.
他过去老是很容易兴奋的，可是现在他简直神经错乱了；没有
法子再去说服他。
10.
There is no
denying this.
这个无可否认。
11.
There is no saying how long the war is
going to last.
战争还要继续多久仍是个未知数。
4
Exercise 5
Passive voice
1.
Their eyes
were filled with tears.
他们热泪盈眶。
2.
I was filled with joy.
我满怀喜悦。
3.
Most trees
are denuded of leaves in winter.
(denude: make bare; strip)
大多数树木到冬天都要落叶。
4.
The village
is populated by about 1,3000 farmers.
村
里约住有
/
住着
1,300
个农民。
5.
They are deprived of their
rights.
她们被剥夺了权利。
6.
It was
suggested by him
这个建议的是他提出来的。
7.
I
was
received
by
a
tall,
lither,
vibrant
woman
in
her
70's,
white-
haired
and
still
beautiful.
(lither: marked
with effortless grace)
接见我的是一位高挑轻盈、满头白发的女人
;
她虽然年逾古稀
,
但仍然神采奕奕
,
风韵
犹存。
8.
The subject
will further be dealt with in Chapter X of this
book.
本书第十章将对这一问题进一步加以讨论。
9.
Illness must be correctly diagnosed
before they can be treated with medicine.
疾病必须先有正确诊断
,
才能用药物加以治疗。
（疾病确诊后才能用药物治疗。
< br>/
必须首
先确诊病因，然后才能对症下药。
）
10.
Care should be taken to see that the letter is
properly addressed.
要注意看看信的地址是否写对了。
11. Many new opportunities will be
opened up in the course of time for those with a
university
education.
今后，具有大
学文化水平的人将会获得很多新的就业机会。
（被动—主动）
12.
The time between tea and supper was
usually passed in looking at television.
在下午四五点钟喝过茶到吃晚饭这段时间里，看电视是一种常见的消度时光的活动。
（可讨
论）
（喝过下午茶以后到吃晚
饭以前，人们常常用看电视来消磨
/
打发
/
度过这段时间。
）
Exercise 6
Nouns in English
1.
语言这个东西不是随便可以学好的，非下苦工不可。
The mastery of language is not easy and
requires painstaking efforts.
2.
We are
enemies of all wars, but above all of dynastic
wars.
我们反对一切战争，特别是反对王朝战争。
3.
Parents’ love of children is perfect
and minute.
父母爱子女无微不至。
4.
A man of
talent is usually honest and
modest.
有本领的人往往老老实实。
5.
林则徐认为，要成功地禁止鸦片买卖，就得首先把鸦片焚毁。
5
Lin
Zexu
believed
that
a
successful
ban
of
the
trade
in
opium
must
be
preceded
by
the
destruction of the drug itself.
6.
徐悲鸿画马画得非常好。
Xu
Beihong’s drawings (paintings) of
ho
rses are exceptionally good.
1.
会上，代表们一致表示坚决反对两个超级大国的霸权主义。
The
delegation
at
the
conference
unanimously
expressed
their
determination
to
oppose
hegemonism on the
part of the two superpowers.
8.
邓小平在“十一大”上说：
“一定要少说空话，多做工作。
< br>”
Deng
Xiaoping
at
the
11th
Party
Congress
said,
“There
must
be
less
empty
talk
and
more
hard
work.”
9.
For 20
years we were
passive
witnesses
to the deterioration of
prices o our raw materials and
an
excessive increase
of the
prices of manufactured goods.
我们在
20
年内坐视原料价格下跌与工业品价格暴涨。
10.
He was an asset at any party. He was
lavish with flowers and expensive boxes of
chocolate.
每个宴会都有他大架光临；买起鲜花和昂贵的巧克力来，他更是
大手大脚。
11.
Most
university trashers (
破坏者
)
are characterized by their background of the upper
middle
class.
大学中的那些破坏者，大多数有
这样一个特点，即出身于中产阶级的上层。
Exercise 7
Prepositions
1.
about
the house
在房子周围
/
附近
2.
to be above
reproach
无可指责
3.
to work against time
争分夺秒的干
4.
against a
rainy day
未雨绸缪；防患于未来
5.
to lend money
at interest
放债牟利
6.
below contempt
极其可鄙
7.
to die before
yielding
宁死不屈
8.
between two fires
腹背受敌；受到夹击
9.
down the ages
从古到今
10. in one’s true colours
<
/p>
露出原形
/
本色
11. for all I know
就我所知
12. to work far into the night
工作到深夜
13. coffee of a sort
权作咖啡；也算一种咖啡
6