-
句子及段落翻译
I . Translate
the following sentences from English into Chinese.
1.
The
production of various stereo recorders has been
increased four times as against 1977.
译
：各种立体声录音机的产量比
1977
年增加了三倍。
2. All of the heat supplied to
the engine is not converted into useful work.
译：并非供给热机的所有热量都被转变为有用的功。
3
．
The speed of
wave is the distance it advances per unit time.
译：波速是波在单位时间内前进的距离。
4
．
Friction wears
away metal in the moving parts, which shortens
their working life.
译：运动部件间
的摩擦力使金属磨损，这就缩短了运动部件的使用寿命。
5
．
There are
bacteria that help plants grow, others that get
rid of dead animals and plants by making them
decay, and some that live in soil and
make it better for growing crops.
译：有些细菌能帮助植物生长，另一些细菌则通过腐蚀来消除死去的动物和植物，还有
一些细菌则生活在土壤里，使土壤变得对种植庄稼更有好处。
6
．
Thereby higher
latitude are prevented from becoming increasingly
colder and low latitudes from
becoming
increasingly hotter.
译：通过这种途径，使高纬地区不能变得
越来越冷，而低纬地区不能变得越来越热。
7
．
Such waves
occur most frequently at stormy latitudes, where
the storms tend to come in groups traveling
in the same direction, with only short
periods separating them.
译：这样的波浪在风暴生成的纬
度带出现极为频繁。在那里风暴常常是成群出现的，它
们沿着同一方向运动，彼此间相隔
时间很短暂。
8
．
For efficiency
the shape of the roof should be designed in such a
way that it provides as large an
evaporation area as possible.
译：从效率考虑，屋顶形状应这样来设计，即它可提供尽可能大的蒸发面积。
9
．
Since Newton’s
time, mathematicians and physicist have
investigated the tides by considering the
response of the oceans to the tide-
generating forces.
译：从牛顿时代以来，数学家和物理学家们就
一直通过考虑海洋对引潮力的响应来研究
海潮现象。
10
．
Above the
critical temperature and under high pressure the
vapor may become as dens and as
incompressible as the liquid at lower
temperature.
译：
在临界温度以上和高压下，<
/p>
蒸汽密度可能变得象在低温下液体那样稠密且不可压缩。
I . Translate the following sentences
from Chinese into English.
1.
为了使铁跟杂质分离，铁矿石须冶炼。
译：
For separating
iron from the impurities, the iron ore must be
melted.
2.
动力学是物理学最重要的基础之一。这
门学科最初是在
17
世纪根据通常称为牛顿运动定律的原
理正式建立起来的。
译：
Dynamics is one of the
most essential foundations of physics. This
subject was first soundly
established
in the 17th century on the basis of the axiom
usually known as Newton
’
s
laws of motion.
3.
回火
(annealing)
所需温度随两个因素而变
,
材料特性；回火前的加工量。
译：
Temperature required for
annealing is a function for two factors, the
nature of the material and the
amount
of work that has been done prior to annealing.
4.
生产过程可分为单件生产和批量生产：
< br>单件生产就是生产少量的工件，
批量生产就是生产大量规
格相同的工件。
译：
Manufacturing processes
may be classified as unit production with small
quantities being made and
mass
production with large numbers of identical parts
being produced.
5.
生物工程也是一种工程，是一种与传统意义截然不同的工程。
第
1
页
共
6
页
译：
Bioengineering is also a
kind of engineering. However, it is an engineering
that is different from that
with
conventional sense.
6.
因此，我们
建议建立更多的自然保护区（即使规模不大），尽可能多地保护森林生境，保护和提
高我
国的生物多样性。
译：
Therefore, we suggest that
more protected areas, even if they are small,
should be established to
protect more
forest habitats as soon as possible, to conserve
and enhance the bio-diversity in
China
。
7.
健全法律法规、强化技术支撑、加强政策引导、明确管理职责、广泛宣传教育，切实抓好节地节
能节水节材，提高资源综合利用效率
。
译：
In order to attain
tangible results in the conservation of land,
energy, water and raw materials and
enhance the efficiency of resource
utilization, / we must improve relevant laws and
regulations, … and
launch an extensive
public awareness campaign.
8.
信息产品制造业要强化研发设计，进一步完善产业链，加快发展集成电路、新型元器件、新一代
移动通信等重点产业。
译：
In the area of ICT product
manufacturing, our challenge is to enhance R&D and
design capacities, and
build up
competencies across the whole value chain,
focusing particularly on such key industries as
integrated circuits, new generation
components and next-generation mobile
telecommunications systems.
9.
< br>试验结果表明多数人工制造的同位素
(isotopes)
都具有放射性。
译：
The
results obtained suggested that most isotopes
produced artificially are radioactive.
10.
激光光束可以聚集到一个很
小的小点上。但是，小点越小，越难精确地聚集。只有在激光装置
中装有计算器，才能获
得高的精度。
译：
Laser beam can be focused
on a very tiny spot.
But
the smaller the spot, the more difficult it is to
be
precise in focusing.
It is only by the incorporation of a
computing machine into a laser device that high
precision can be achieved.
III. Translate the following passages.
1. From the deep clear
waters of the deep, clear waters of the north
Atlantic, Clearwater is proud to bring
you Arctic Surf Clams, our newest
seafood sensation. They are low in fat, actually
reduce cholesterol, and
are a great
part of a healthy diet.
译：北极贝源自冰冷无污染的加拿
大北大西洋深海海域。其肉质丰厚细腻、味道鲜甜，
铁和不饱和脂肪酸（其中具有脑黄金
之称高不饱和脂肪酸占
69%
）含量高，而胆固醇含
量低，具有丰富的营养价值，为强身防老之佳品。
2. Limited Warranty for Cartridge
(
硒鼓
) Life
This Warranty Supersedes
All Previous Warranties. HP LaserJet C3977A toner
cartridges are designed to
print
an
average
of
750
pages
for
a
typical
document
such
as
a
business
letter.
For
optimum
cartridge
performance,
printer
cleaning,
and
other
information,
see
your
printer
use`s
manual.
Clean
your
printer
when you change
toner cartridges.
译：硒鼓有限保修单
本保单取代以前所有的报单
惠普激
光打印机
C3977A
型硒鼓平均可打印
750
页如商业信函那样的普通文件。对
于最佳的硒鼓性能、
清洁打印机及其他信息，请见您的打印机用户手册。请在更换硒鼓
时清洁打印机。
IV
. Translate the
following abstract into English.
稀土国际贸易公平价格机制的主要决定因素
< br>究竟稀土国际市场定价是否公平合理，原材料产品的价值是否被低估，国际价格是否能够足额
补偿稀土供给方生产稀土耗费的所有成本，并使其获得合理利润，都是亟待研究的问题。本论文在
这样的大背景之下，以提炼创新的非可再生资源国际贸易公平价格机制理论为基础，探索稀土
国际
贸易公平价格机制，建立稀土产品的内在价值公平补偿体系，测算稀土影子价格判定
稀土产品内在
价值补偿的公平程度；分析国际交易主体间的交易势力公平的影响因素，并
采用随市场定价模型测
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页
定交易
势力的公平程度，并提出一些促进稀土国际贸易价格形成于公平价格区间的政策建议。论文
的核心观点为：稀土国际贸易交易平台制度公平基础上的内在价值补偿、交易势力公平（包括产业
组织交易势力及国家政策交易势力的公平）是稀土国际贸易公平价格机制的主要决定因素。
关键词：
稀土
国际贸易
公平价格机制
价值补偿
交易势力
公平测度
All the
following problems need to be studied, including:
is RE international market pricing is fair and
reasonable? Is the value of RE raw
materials undervalued? Is the current RE price
enough to compensate
the
producers
’
cost and
appropriate profit?
This
paper aim to study the fair pricing mechanism,
establish an intrinsic and fair value compensation
system and estimate the shadow price to
determine the compensation
fairness for
the intrinsic rare earth
value
based
on
the
innovative
international
trade
fair
pricing
mechanism
theory
for
non-
renewable
resources. This paper
analyzes the factors affecting trade forces
fairness between international RE buyers
and sellers. Some policy suggestions
are put forward to encourage RE international
price fluctuates within
the
fair
price
range.
The
core
opinion
of
this
paper
is:
the
major
deciding
factors
for
RE
international
trade fair
pricing mechanism are intrinsic value compensation
and trade forces fairness (including fairness
of
Industry
trade
forces
and
national
policy
transactions
forces)
based
on
the
fairness
of
the
RE
international trading
platform system.
稀土行业整合的背景、问题及策略
摘
要：在如何促进稀土行业持续健康
发展的探索中，社会各界对“用整合方式使稀土行业形成高度
集中的少数大企业集团”<
/p>
抱有极高的期望，
然而现实中的稀土行业整合却步履艰难
.
文章运用垄断竞
争及企业并购相关理论，通过
对稀土行业整合的背景梳理，进一步明确整合要达到的具体目的；通
过对稀土行业整合的
历程分析，找到稀土行业整合中，在整合主导、整合环节、整合手段和整合模
式等方面存
在的深层次问题
.
在此基础上，提出“由企业主导整合、充分考
虑利益平衡、在稀土产业
链的应用和分离环节率先整合、为稀土开采环节整合创造条件”
等加快稀土行业整合的策略
.
关键词：稀土；稀土产业链；行
业整合；兼并重组；整合环节；整合模式
Background, Problems and Strategies for
Rare Earth Industry Integration
Abstract:
People have high
expectations in the sustainable development of
China
’
s rare earth industry
by
founding some competitive
and large-scaled rare earth companies
out of merger. However, the reality of
rare earth industry integration is not
promising. This paper surveys the integration
background of rare earth
industry
for
clarifying
the
specific
integration
purpose
applying
related
theories
of
monopolistic
competition and
corporate mergers. Some underlying problems in the
rare earth industry integration in the
fields
of
integration
dominance,
integrated
links,
integration
methods
and
integrated
mode
are
discussed
based on analyzing
rare earth industry integration process. We then
suggest the industry integration strategy,
that
is,
“
corporate-led,
full
consideration
to
the
interests
of
all
parties
concerned,
integration
in
the
application and separation stages of
the industry chain, and creating conditions for
the integration of rare
earth mining
areas
”
.
Key
words:
rare
earth;
rare
earth
industry
chain;
industry
consolidation;
mergers
and
restructuring;
integration
links; integrated model
从环境保证金到环境税
—
稀土贸易可持续发展之路
摘要：首先指出目前稀土贸易所存在的困境，即没有国际定价权贱卖资源和限制出口引发贸易争端的两难选择 ；接着分析了目前中
国对稀土的税费征收现状和存在的问题，指出征收环境税是解决稀土
出口两难选择的有效方法；然后从税目，纳税人，课征对象和
课征环节，计税依据，税率
以及环境税的国际协调等方面对环境税进行了整体的税制设计；最后提出环境保证金的概念，建议在环
境税正式实施之前，对稀土等矿产资源征收环境保证金，以此作为过渡措施来达到相似的效果
.
关键词：环境税；环境保障金；稀土贸易；可持续发展
Sustainable development of rare earth
trade: From environmental security deposit to
environmental tax
Abstract: This paper
points out the dilemma of rare earth trade, that
is, exporting rare earth at unreasonable
low prices or limiting rare earth
export quotas resulting in forthcoming trade
disputes. Environmental tax is
第
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页
an
effective
solution
to
the
dilemma
upon
analyzing
the
current
taxation
policy
on
China’s
rare
earth
industry.
The
overall environmental
taxation
system
is
planned
on
the
aspects
of
taxation
categories,
taxpayer,
taxation
object,
taxation steps,
tax
basis,
tariff
and
international
coordination.
Environment
security
deposit
collection
on
mineral
resources such
as
rare
earth
can
be
used
as
transitional
measure
before the official
practice of environment tax.
Key words:
environmental tax; environmental security deposit;
rare earth trade; sustainable development
长句翻译练习
1
、
The era of
blatant discrimination ended in the 1960s through
the courageous actions of thousands of
blacks
participating
in
peaceful
marches
and
sit-
ins,
to
force
Southern
states
to
implement
the
Federal
desegregation laws
in schools and public accommodation.
1<
/p>
、
六十年代，
千千万万的黑人参加了和平
游行示威和静坐，
他们的勇敢行动迫使南方各州执行
联邦政府关
于在学校和公共场所所废除种族隔离的法律，从而结束了公然歧视黑人的时代。
2
、
A spirited
discussion springs up between a young girl who
insists that women have outgrown the
jumping-on-the-chair-at-the-sight-of-a-
mouse era and a colonel who says that they
haven
’
t.
2
、席间，一位年轻的女士和一位上校激烈地争论开了。女士认为，妇女进步了
，不再是过去那
种一见老鼠就吓得跳起来的妇女了。而上校认为妇女并没有多大的改变。
3
、
Times goes fast
for one who has a sense of beauty, when there are
pretty children in a pool and
young
Diana on the edge, to receive with wonder any
thing you can catch!
3
、
当你跟可爱的孩子们站在池子里，
又有个年轻的
狄安娜在池边好奇地接受你捉上来的任何东
西的时候，如果你懂得什么叫美的话，时间是
过得很快的。
4
、
The 25-year
teaching veteran says he was denied a promotion
and pay raise last year because he
hadn
’
t published
a sufficient number of research papers.
4
、这位与
25
年教龄的老教师说，
由于他未能发表足够数量的科研论文，去年没有给他提职、
加薪。
5
、
The saga of
the White Star liner Titanic, which struck an
iceberg and sank on its maiden voyage in
1912,
carrying
more
than
1500
passengers
to
their
deaths,
has
been
celebrated
in
print
and
on
film,
in
poetry and song.
5
、
白星公司的班轮泰坦尼克号在
1912
年处女航中因撞上冰山而沉没，
船上
1500
多名乘客遇难。
此后关于她的种种传说便成为各种刊物、电影以及诗歌、歌曲
的内容而广为流传。
旅游翻译
Imperial
Palace
,
also
called
the
Forbidden
City
,
was
built
in
the
fifteenth
century
(1406---1420),
covering an
area of 175 acres ( 72 ha
.). It is now the largest and best preserved
ancient
architectural
complex
in
China
.
As
you
pass
through
Tian
An
Men
Gate
you
will
enter
a
large
walled
courtyard
which
is
760
meters
from
east
to
west.
Although
you
cannot
see
them,
on
either
side
of
this
courtyard
are
closely-arranged
gardens
and
halls.
Of
particular
interest
if
you
have
time
might
be
the
imperial Ancestral
Temple , which is to the right, and the Sun Yi-Sen
Park , on the left.
1.
故宫也叫紫禁城，建于十五世纪
(1406---1420),
占地
175
亩。它是中国现存最大、保存最完整
的古建筑群。穿过天安门，进入一个由东往西
760
米的围墙围着的院子。然而这个院子是不可能全
部都参观完的，因为在这个
院子的两侧紧挨着一个接一个的花园和廊厅。如果特别感兴趣而有时间
的话，可以参观太
庙，太庙在右边。
2.
Austria
is
wedged
between
seven
other
countries.
Liechtenstein
,
Switzerland
,
and
the
Federal
Republic of Germany are to the west.
Czechoslovakia is to the north. Hungary is to the
east. To the south
are Italy and
Yugoslavia .
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⒉奥地
利周边与七国相邻：西濒列支敦士敦、瑞士、德意志联邦共和国，北邻捷克斯洛伐克，
东
连匈牙利，南接意大利和南斯拉夫。
3.
Tiny
islands,
with
hunks
of
coral
reef,
coconut
palms
and
fine
white
sand
on
them,
are
strung
around the edge of
the peninsula like a pearl necklace.
⒊座
座岛屿玲珑小巧，紧密相连，象一串珍珠缀成的项链，环绕着半岛边缘。岛上珊瑚礁红，椰
树成片，沙滩如银，景色如诗如画。
4.
西湖如镜面，千峰凝翠，洞壑幽深，风光绮丽。
⒋
The West Lake is like a
mirror, embellished all around with green hills
and deep caves of enchanting
beauty.
5. The harbor looked most beautiful in
its semi-circle of hills and half-lights. The
color of a pearl gray
and a fairy
texture. …. This Arctic scenery has a beauty which
is the exact antithe
sis of the
Christmas card
of tradition. Soft,
melting halftones. Nothing brittle of garish.
⒌只见海港环抱于半圆形小山丛中，煞是好看，朦朦胧胧，一片银灰，宛若仙境。……。这北极<
/p>
地区景色之美，同传统的圣诞贺卡适成对照，它浓淡交融，光影柔和，清雅绝俗。
6. A fascinating city between
sea and sky, like Venus rising from the waves,
Venice welcomes tourists
from the five
continents drawn to her by the charm of her water
and pellucid light, free from all dust and
cooled
by
the
sea
breeze.
She
also
offers
the
intellectual
pleasures
to
be
derived
from
her
masterpieces
which mark the
meeting of East and West.
⒍威尼斯水城海天相连，景色
迷人，宛如碧波中涌现的维纳斯，吸引着五大洲的游客。她水色旖
旎，波光澄澈，清风拂
面而来，荡去你心中的不快与烦恼。而城中那些集东西方艺术之大成的艺术
杰作，更给人
以精神上的享受。
7.
青城山地质
地貌独特，植被茂密，气候适宜，林木葱翠，层峦叠嶂，曲径逶迤，古观藏趣。
⒎
Endowed
with
special
geological
landforms
and
a
mild
climate,
Qingcheng
Mountain
enjoys
exuberant vegetations
and forests through which the paths wind, as well
as the ancient temples dispersing
in
ranges of mountains.
8. The
giant hornbill which is the size of a young
ostrich and rather more ungainly until it lumbers
into
the air, and then reveals the
great sweep of its wings, each tipped with white.
⒏硕大的犀鸟，形同年幼的鸵鸟，甚至更显笨拙，直到凌空展翅，方显其巨大的羽翼和白
色的翼
尖，矫健无比。
9.
云南有
26
个少数民族，
是中国少数民族种类最多的省份。各民族的服饰、
建筑、
风
俗、
歌舞、
饮食等，形成了一幅美丽的风情画卷。
⒐
Home
to
26
ethnic
groups
—
the
largest
number
in
China
—
--
Yunnan
Province
offers
tourists
a
cultural
feast
of
unique
ethnic
costumes,
architecture,
cuisine,
songs
and
dances,
and
rituals.
——
Beijing Review
10.
漓江风光的美，不仅充分展现了“山青、水秀、洞奇、
石美”的特点，而且还有着“深潭、
险滩、流泉、飞瀑”的佳景。
10. The Lijiang River boasts of not
only
its (natural) landscape of rivers
and mountains, but also its
grotesqueness of rocks and caves, deep
pools, dangerous shoals, and streams and
waterfalls.
11.
这儿的峡谷又是另一番景象
：谷中急水奔流，穿峡而过，两岸树木葱笼，鲜花繁茂，碧草萋
萋，活脱脱一幅生机盎然
的天然风景画。各种奇峰异岭，令人感受各异，遐想万千。
11. It is another gorge through which a
rapid stream flows. Trees, flowers and grass, a
picture of natural
vitality, thrive on
both banks. The weird peaks arouse disparate
thoughts.
12. Towers, domes, balanced
rocks, and arches have been formed over millions
of years of weathering
and erosion, and
the process continues, constantly reshaping this
fantastical rock garden.
12.
岁月沧桑，风化雨蚀，造就了这里奇特的山体风貌：满
山“巨塔”高耸，
“穹丘”浑圆，
“不
倒翁”摇摇欲坠，
“大拱门”凌空而立，奇形怪状，浑然天成。大自然造物不尽，还在不
断创造新的
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