APA Style

APA

Style

This guide will help you to format a research paper and cite the resources you use in APA

style. The sample citations are based on the

Publication Manual of the American Psychological

Association

, 6th edition, (Ref BF76.7.P83 2010). This is the most complete and up-to-date print

guide to APA

style in the Library. For more examples and further explanation of APA

citation style,

please consult the following information.

LPC Library's Template for APA

Citations - Need extra help? Fill- in guide to citation of the most

common resources.

LPC Library's T

emplate for APA Citations

resources.

NoodleBib

- Generate, edit, and publish an APA

Reference list that complies with the rules of the

current APA

guide. It is a Web application that allows you to create and edit APA

references online.

Add and edit references on the fly. It will take care of punctuation and producing a polished source

list that's correctly formatted and ready to print!

Best in-depth online guides:

APA

Formatting and Style Guide

, The OWL (Online Writing Lab) at Purdue University.

Social Sciences: Documenting Sources - APA

Style

, links to finding sources, APA

in-text

citations, APA

list of references, APA

manuscript format, and sample paper.

Social Sciences: Overview - Researching in the Social Sciences

, Research and Documentation

Online, by Diane Hacker. How to do research in the discipline.

APA

Format

, Writers’ Workshop: Bibliography Styles Handbook, University of Illinois at

Urbana-Champaign.

Using American Psychological Association (APA)Format

, OWL University Online Writing Lab,

Purdue University.

- Fill-in guide to citation of the most common

Books - Citation Examples

The following examples of APA

reference list citations are arranged with bolded explanatory

material first, which you will not put it in your reference list. The citation examples follow and

should be double spaced and have a hanging indentation. However, hanging indentations are not

easily displayed on the Internet. If these examples look odd on your computer, follow the format

shown in

NoodleBib.

The citations contain the following elements in the order given:

?

Author (first and middle name abbreviated to initials) Start with title if no author is

listed. Check author order carefully for books with more than one author.

?

(Date)

?

Title italicized

. Only first word, proper nouns and first word after a colon

capitalized. Put date after title if there is no author listed.

?

?

Place:

Publisher

No Author Listed, Unknown or Anonymous

Confederate receipt book: A compilation of over one hundred receipts, adapted to the times.

(1863). Richmond, V

A: West & Johnson.

One Author

Gladwell, M. (2000).

The tipping point

. Boston: Little, Brown and Company.

Two to Six Authors

Hogue, K., Jensen, C., & Urban, K. M. (1998).

The complete guide to health insurance: How

to beat the high cost of being sick

. New Y

ork: Walker and Company.

Seven or More Authors

Horton, H. R., Moran, L. A., Ochs, R. S., Rawn, D. J., Scrimgeour, K. G

., Moser, R. L.,

et al. (2008).

Principles of biochemistry

(3rd ed.). New Y

ork: Prentice Hall.

Group or Corporate Author

American Medical Association. (2010).

Essential guide to asthma

. New Y

ork: Pocket

Books.

Book With More Than One Edition

Mitchell, T. R., & Larson, J. R., Jr. (1997).

People in organizations: An introduction

to organizational behavior

(3rd ed.). New Y

ork: McGraw-Hill.

Editor - No Author Listed

Enright, D. J. (Ed.). (1993).

The Oxford book of death

. New Y

ork: Oxford

University Press.

Chapter by Author with a Book Editor

Eagan, C. M. (2003). 'White,' if 'not quite': Irish whiteness in the

nineteenth-century. In K. Kenney (Ed.),

New directions in Irish American

history

(pp. 140-155). Madison, WI: Wisconsin University Press.

U.S. Government Publications

United States. Bureau of the Census. (1991).

Census of population and housing (1990)

.

Washington: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census.

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PRINT AND ONLINE REFERENCE ARTICLES

The following examples of works cited citations are arranged with bolded explanatory

material first, which you will not put it in your works cited list. The citation examples follow and

should be double spaced and have a hanging indentation. However, hanging indentations are not

easily displayed on the Internet. If these examples look odd on your computer, follow the format

shown in

NoodleBib.

?

Citing Reference Articles in Print

?

Citing Online Reference Articles

The citations contain the following elements in the order given:

Familiar, General, Special Encyclopedias and Subject Reference Works in Print

?

?

Author. Start with title if no author is listed.

(Date)

?

Article title. Only first word, proper nouns and first word after a colon capitalized.

Put date after title if there is no author listed.

?

In

Publication title italicized.

Only first word, proper nouns and first word after a

colon capitalized.

?

Edition

?

?

?

?

V

olume

Pages

Place:

Publisher

Special and Subject Encyclopedias with Editor

The citations contain the following elements in the order given.

?

?

Author. Start with title if no author is listed.

(Date)

?

Article title. Only first word, proper nouns and first word after a colon capitalized.

Put date after title if there is no author listed.

?

?

In Editor of publication,

Publication title italicized.

Only first word, proper nouns and first word after a

colon capitalized.

?

V

olume,

?

Pages

?

Place:

?

Publisher

Familiar Encyclopedia Article - No Author Listed

Building codes. (2005). In

Encyclopedia Americana

(V

ol. 4, p. 737).

Danbury, CT: Scholastic Library Publishing.

Familiar Encyclopedia Article - Author Listed

Gocek, F. M. (2005). Bosnia- Herzegovina. In

The world book encyclopedia

(V

ol. 2, pp. 491-494). Chicago: World Book, Inc.

Special Encyclopedia Article - Author and Editor Listed

Mageli, P

. D. (1999). Amerasian children. In C. L. Bankston III (Ed.),

Encyclopedia of family

life

(V

ol. 1, pp. 70-74). Pasadena, CA: Salem Press.

Subject Reference Work Article - Editors Listed but No Author (T

reat editors as

authors)

Ryan, B., & Nicolas, K. (Eds.). (1995). Cuban and other Hispanic immigration. In

Hispanic

American almanac

(pp. 79-92). New Y

ork: UXL.

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Online References - Electronic Print Resources/Databases

The citations contain the following elements in the order given.

?

Author. Start with title if no author is listed.

?

(Date)

?

Article title. Only first word, proper nouns and first word after a colon capitalized.

Put date after title if there is no author listed.

?

In

Publication title italicized.

Only first word, proper nouns and first word after a

colon capitalized.

?

?

?

?

Publication data, if available

Date of access

Retrieved date, from Database name

Use the punctuation shown in the examples below.

Grolier Online - Grolier Multimedia Encyclopedia Article with Author

Alphin, A. B. (2006) Armored vehicle. In

Grolier multimedia encyclopedia

.

Retrieved July 6, 2006, from /

or

Alphin, A. B. (2006) Armored vehicle. In

Grolier multimedia encyclopedia

.

Retrieved July 6, 2006, from Grolier Online database.

Grolier Online - Encyclopedia Americana Article with Author

Garrow, D. J. (2006). King, Martin Luther, Jr. In

Encyclopedia Americana online

. Scholastic

Library Publishing. Retrieved July 19, 2006, from Grolier Online database.

or

Garrow, D. J. (2006). King, Martin Luther, Jr. In

Encyclopedia Americana online

. Scholastic

Library Publishing. Retrieved July 19, 2006, from /

History Reference Center - Article from a Reference Book with Author

Katzman, D. M. (1991).

Reader's companion to American history

(p. 114). Boston: Houghton

Mifflin. Retrieved July 19, 2006, from History Reference Center database.

Literature Resource Center - Special Encyclopedia Article with Author

Richardson, R. D., Jr. (1987). Ralph Waldo Emerson, 1803-1882. In J. W

. Rathburn & M. M.

Grecu (Eds.),

Dictionary of literary biography: American literary critics and scholars, 1800-1850

(V

ol. 59,

pp. 108-129). Detroit: Gale. Retrieved July 13, 2006, from Literature Resource Center

database.

LitFinder - Reference Article with Author

Nash, D. (1929). The dance. In

Contemporary American poets

. Retrieved July 19, 2006,

from LitFinder database.

Opposing Viewpoints Resource Center - Special Encyclopedia Article with No Author

Political and governmental corruption. (2000). In

Encyclopedia of sociology

(2nd ed.).

New Y

ork: Macmillan Reference USA. Retrieved July 13, 2006, from Opposing

V

iewpoints Resource Center database.

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Periodicals - Magazine, Newspaper

, Journal &

Informational Database Citations

?

?

Articles in Print

Full-Text Articles in Electronic Print Resources

Articles in Print Magazines, Newspapers & Journals

The following examples of works cited citations are arranged with bolded explanatory

material first, which you will not put it in your works cited list. The citation examples follow and

should

be double spaced and have a hanging indentation. However, hanging indentations are not

easily displayed on the Internet. If these examples look odd on your computer, follow the format

shown in

NoodleBib.

The citations for periodical materials in print contain the following elements in the order

given.

?

?

?

?

?

Author. Start with title if no author is listed.

(Date). Put date after title if there is no author listed.

Article title. Only first word, proper nouns and first word after a colon capitalized.

Publication Title

italicized and all important words capitalized.

V

olume

?

Pages

Do not add the name of a database at the end of your citation if you read the text from the

print magazine. Add the name of the database only if you use a full-text article from a database.

Use the punctuation shown in the examples below.

Daily Newspaper Article with Author

Blevins, L. (2006, March 31). Livermore flourishes at turn of century.

Tri- Valley Herald

, pp.

V

alley 1, 2.

Popular Magazine Article with Author

Fitzharris, T. (2006, May). Flower power.

Popular Photography, 70

(5), 28-32.

Popular Magazine Article with No Author

Stem cell research. (2001, February 9).

Newsweek, 60

(2), 1-3.

Journal Article with Author

Ceglowski, D. (2006, Spring). Head Start-operated full-day services: Successes, challenges,

and issues.

Journal of Research in Childhood Education, 20

(3), 189-206.

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Articles and Reports from LPC Subscription Databases

The citations contain the following elements in the order given.

?

?

?

?

?

?

Author. Start with title if no author is listed.

(Date). Put date after title if there is no author listed.

Article title. Only first word, proper nouns and first word after a colon capitalized.

Publication Title

italicized and all important words capitalized.

V

olume

Pages

?

Retrieved date, from Database name

The information needed for a full-text article is exactly the same as an article in print. Y

ou

just add the date of retrieval and database information. Use the punctuation shown in the examples

below.

Academic Search Premier - Popular Magazine Article with Author

Halloran, L. (2006, May 8). Pulling back from the brink.

U.S. News and World Report,