-
2018
年
12
月英语
六级真题（第一套）
Part I
Writing
(30
minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are
allowed 30 minutes to write an
essay on
how to balance job responsibilities and personal
interests. You
can cite examples to
illustrate your views. You should write at least
150
words but no more than 200 words.
Part
Ⅱ
Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)
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2018
年
12
月）
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听力原频
Section
A
Directions: In this section, you will
hear two long conversations. At
the end
of each conversation, you will hear four
questions. Both the
conversation and
the questions will be spoken only once. After you
hear
a question, you must choose the
best answer from the four choices
marked A)
，
B)
，
C) and D). Then mark the
corresponding letter on
Answer Sheet 1
with a single line through the centre.
Questions 1 to 4 are based
on the conversation you have just
heard.
1. A) It can benefit professionals and
non-professionals alike.
B) It lists the various challenges
physicists are confronting.
C) It describes how some
mysteries of physics were solved.
D) It is one of the most
fascinating physics books ever written.
2. A)
Physicists
’
contribution to humanity.
B) Stories about some
female physicists.
C) Historical evolution of modern
physics.
D)
Women
’
s changing attitudes
to physics.
3.
A)By exposing a lot of myths in physics.
B) By
describing her own life experiences.
C) By including lots of
fascinating knowledge.
D) By telling anecdotes about famous
professors.
4.
A) It avoids detailing abstract concepts of
physics.
B) It
contains a lot of thought-provoking questions.
C) It
demonstrates how they can become physicists.
D)It provides
experiments they can do themselves.
Questions 5 to 8 are based
on the conversation you have just
heard.
5. A) He is too busy to finish his
assignment in time.
B) He does not know what kid of topic
to write on.
C)
He does not understand the
professor
’
s instructions.
D) He has no
idea how to proceed with his dissertation.
6. A) It is too
broad.
B) It is
outdated.
C) It
is challenging.
D) It is interesting.
7. A) Biography.
B) Nature.
C) Photography.
D) Beauty.
8. A) Improve
his cumulative grade.
B) Develop his reading ability.
C) Stick to the
topic assigned.
D) List the parameters first.
Section
B
Directions:In this section, you will
hear two passages. At the end of
each
passage, you will hear three or four questions.
Both the passage
and the questions will
be spoken only once. After you hear a question,
you must choose the best answer from
the four choices marked A)
，
B
)
，
C) and D). Then mark the
corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1
with a single line through the centre.
Questions 9 to
11 are based on the passage you have just heard.
9. A) The
unprecedented high temperature in Greenland.
B) The collapse
of ice on the northern tip of Greenland.
C) The unusual
clod spell in the Arctic area in October.
D) The rapid
change of Arctic temperature within a day.
10.A) It has
created a totally new climate pattern.
B) It will pose a serious
threat to many species.
C) It typically appears about once
every ten years.
D) It has puzzled the climate
scientists for decades.
11.A) Extinction of Arctic wildlife.
B) Iceless
summers in the Arctic.
C) Emigration of indigenous people.
D) Better
understanding of ecosystems.
Questions 12 to 15 are
based on the passage you have just heard.
12.A) A good
start.
B) A
detailed plan.
C) A strong determination.
D) A scientific approach.
13.A) Most
people get energized after a sufficient rest.
B) Most people
tend to have finite source of energy.
C) It is vital to take
breaks between demanding mental tasks.
D) It is most important to
have confidence in one
’
s
willpower.
14.
A) They could keep on working longer.
B) They could do more
challenging tasks.
C) They found it easier to focus on
work at hand.
D) They held more positive attitudes
toward life.
15. A) They are part of their nature.
B) They are
subject to change.
C) They are related to culture.
D) They are
beyond control.
Section C
Directions: In this
section, you will hear three recordings of
lectures
or talks followed by three or
four questions. The recordings will be
played only once. After you hear a
question, you must choose the best
answer from the four choices marked A),
B), C) and D). Then mark the
corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1
with a single line through the
centre.
Questions 16 to
18 are based on the recording you have just heard.
16. A) About
half of current jobs might be automated.
B) The jobs of
doctors and lawyers would be threatened.
C) The jobs
market is becoming somewhat unpredictable.
D) Machine
learning would prove disruptive by 2013.
17. A) They are
widely applicable for massive open online courses.
B) They are now
being used by numerous high school teachers.
C) They could
read as many as 10,000 essays in a single minute.
D) They could
grade high-school essays just like human teacher.
18. A) It needs
instructions throughout the process.
B) It dose poorly on
frequency, high-volume tasks.
C) It has to rely on huge
amounts of previous data.
D) It is slow when it comes to tracking
novel things.
Questions 19 to 22 are based on the
recording you have just heard.
19. A) The engineering
problems with solar power.
B) The generation of steam with the
latest technology.
C) The importance of exploring new
energy sources.
D) The theoretical aspects of
sustainable energy.
20. A) Drive trains with solar energy.
B) Upgrade the
city
’
s train facilities.
C) Build a new
ten-kilometre railway line.
D) Cut-down the
city
’
s energy consumption.
21. A) Build a
tank for keeping calcium oxide.
B) Find a new material for
storing energy.
C) Recover super-heated steam.
D) Collect
carbon dioxide gas.
22. A) The lack of supervision by both
the nation and local
government.
B) The impact
of the current economics crisis at home and
abroad.
C) The
poor management of day centres and home help
services.
D)
The poor relation between national heath and
social care
services.
Questions 23 to 25 are
based on the recording you have just heard.
23. A) It was
mainly provided by voluntary services.
B) It mainly caters to the
need of privileged.
C) It called for a sufficient number of
volunteers.
D)
It has deteriorated over the past sixty years.
24. A) Their
longer lifespans.
B) Fewer home helpers available.
C) Their
preference for private services.
D) More of them suffering
serious illness.
25. A) They are unable to pay for
health services.
B) They have long been discriminated
against.
C)
They are vulnerable to illness and diseases.
D) They have
contributed a great deal to society.
Part
Ⅲ
Reading
Comprehension (40 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In
this section, there is a passage with ten blanks.
You
are required to select one word for
each blank from a list of choices
given
in a word bank following the passage. Read the
passage through
carefully before making
your choices. Each choice in the bank is
identified by a letter. Please mark the
corresponding letter for each item
on
Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the
centre. You may not
use any of the
words in the bank more than once.
Questions 26 to 35 are
based on the following passage.
In
what
’
s probably the craziest
headline I
’
ve ever written,
I
’
ve
reported
that 26 in livestock protection are happening with
scientists
painting eyes on the butts
of cows. The experiment is based upon the
idea that farmers
who
’
re protecting their herd
from lions would shoot
and kill lions
in an effort to protect their livestock. While
this makes a
lot of sense, it results
in many lion deaths that 27 would have been
unnecessary. Researchers in Australia
have been 28 and testing a
method of
trickery to make lions think they are being
watched by the
painted eyes on cow
butts.
This
idea is based on the principle that lions and
other 29 are far
less likely to attack
when they feel they are being watched. As
conservation areas become smaller,
lions are increasingly coming into
contact with human populations, which
are expanding to the 30 of
these
protected areas.
Efforts like painting eyes on cow butts
may seem crazy at first, but
they could
make actual headway in the fight for conservation.
“
If the
method
works, it could provide farmers in Botswana-and 31
—
with a
low-cost,
sustainable tool to protect their livestock, and a
way to keep
lions safe from being
killed.
”
Lions are 32
ambush(
埋伏
)hunters, so when
they feel their prey has
33 them, they
usually give up on the hunt. Researchers are 34
testing
their idea on a select herd of
cattle. They have painted half of the cows
with eyes and left the other half as
normal. Through satellite tracking of
both the herd and the lions in the
area, they will be able to 35 if their
psychological trickery will work to
help keep farmers from shooting
lions.
A) advances I) otherwise
B)
boundaries J) predators
C) challenging
K) primarily
D) currently L) retorted
E) determine M) spotted
F)
devising N) testimonies
G) elsewhere O)
wrestle
H) nevertheless
Section B
Directions: In
this section, you are going to read a passage with
ten
statements attached to it. Each
statement contains information given in
one of the paragraphs. Identify the
paragraph from which the
information is
derived. You may choose a paragraph more than
once.
Each paragraph is marked with a
letter. Answer the questions by
marking
the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
Resilience Is
About How You Recharge, Not How You Endure
[A] As constant
travelers and parents of a 2-year-old, we
sometimes
fantasize about how much work
we can do when one of us gets on a
plane, undistracted by phones, friends,
or movies. We race to get all our
ground work done: packing, going
through security, doing a last-
minute
work call, calling each other, then boarding the
plane. Then,
when we try to have that
amazing work session in flight, we get nothing
done. Even worse, after refreshing our
email or reading the same
studies over
and over, we are too exhausted when we land to
soldier on
with(
继续处理
) the
emails that have inevitably still piled up.
[B] why should
flying deplete us? We
’
re
just sitting there doing
nothing. Why
can
’
t we be tougher, more
resilient(
有复原力的
) and
determined in our work so we can
accomplish all of the goals we set for
ourselves? Based on our current
research, we have come to realize that
the problem is not our hectic schedule
or the plane travel itself; the
problem
comes from a misconception of what it means to be
resilient,
and the resulting impact of
overworking.
[C] We often take a militaristic,
“
tough
”
approach to resilience
and
determination like a Marine pulling himself
through the mud, a
boxer going one more
round, or a football player picking himself up off
the ground for one more play. We
believe that the longer we tough it
out, the tougher we are, and therefore
the more successful we will be.
However, this entire conception is
scientifically inaccurate.
[D] The very lack of a recovery period
is dramatically holding back
our
collective ability to be resilient and successful.
Research has found
that there is a
direct correlation between lack of recovery and
increased
incidence of health and
safety problems. And lack of recovery
—
whether by disrupting sleep
with thoughts of work or having
continuous cognitive arousal by
watching our phones
—
is
costing our
companies $$62 billion a
year in lost productivity.
[E] And just because work stops, it
doesn
’
t mean we are
recovering. We
“
stop
”
work sometimes at 5pm, but then we
spend
the night wrestling with
solutions to work problems, talking about our
work over dinner, and falling asleep
thinking about how much work
we
’
ll do
tomorrow. In a study just released, researchers
from Norway
found that 7.8% of
Norwegians have become
workaholics(
工作狂
). The
scientists cite a definition
“
workaholism
”
as
“
being overly concerned
about work, driven by an uncontrollable
work motivation, and investing
so much
time and effort in work that it impairs other
important life
areas.
”
[F] We believe
that the number of people who fit that definition
includes the majoriy of American
workers, which prompted us to begin
a
study of workaholism in the U.S. Our study will
use a large corporate
dataset from a
major medical company to examine how technology
extends our working hours and thus
interferes with necessary cognitive
recovery, resulting in huge health care
costs and turnover costs for
employers.
[G] The
misconception of resilience is often bred from an
early age.
Parents trying to teach
their children resilience might celebrate a high
school student staying up until 3am to
finish a science fair project. What
a
distortion of resilience! A resilient child is a
well-rested one. When an
exhausted
student goes to school, he risks hurting everyone
on the
road with his impaired driving;
he doesn
’
t have the
cognitive
resources to do well on his
English test; he has lower self-control with
his friends; and at home, he is moody
with his parents. Overwork and
exhaustion are the opposite of
resilience and the bad habits we acquire
when we
’
re young
only magnify when we hit the workforce.
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