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第二章
汉英翻译基础知识
1.
探春笑道：“只恐又是你的杜撰
。”宝玉笑道：“除《四
书》外，杜撰的太多，偏只我是杜撰不成
?
”
“
You're making that up, I'm
afraid,
”
teased Tan Chun.
“
Most
works,
apart
from
the
FOUR
BOOKS,
are
made
up;
am
I
the
only one
who made things up?
”
he
retorted with a grin.
2.
贾母笑道：“你不认得他，他是我们这里有名的一个泼皮
破落户儿，南省俗谓作‘辣子’，你只叫他‘凤辣子’就是
了。”
“
You don't know her,
”
said Grandmother Jia
merrily.
“
She's
a
holy
terror
this
one.
What
we
used
to
call
in
Nanking
a
‘
peppercorn
’
. You just call her
‘
Peppercorn
Feng
’
. She'll
know who you
mean!
”
(David Hawkes
译
)
3.
贾母笑道：“外客未见，就脱了衣裳，还不去见你妹妹
!
”
With
a
smile
at
Pao-yu,
the
Lady
Dowager
scolded,
“
Fancy
changing your clothes before greeting
our visitor. Hurry up now
and pay your
respects to your cousin.
”
4.
贾母笑道：“可又是胡说，你又
何曾见过他
?
”
“
You're
talking
nonsense
again,
”
said
his
grandmother,
laughing.
“
How could you possibly have
met her?
”
5.
他是只狡猾的老狐狸。
He is an old fox
．
6.
他们的拉车姿势，讲价时的那随
机应变，走路时的抄近绕
远，都足以使他们想起过去的光荣，而且用鼻翅扇着那些后
起之辈。”
Their
pulling
posture,
their
adroit
bargaining,
their
shrewd
use
of
short-cuts or circuitous routes are enough to make
them relive
past glories and turn up
their noses at the younger generation.
7.
那本书的作者似乎没有自己的观点，书里都是人云亦云的<
/p>
东西。
That
book,
whose
author
doesn't
seem
to
have
his
own
viewpoints, is full of parrot-learned
knowledge
．
8.
岛之西南海边，
有一块巨大的岩石，
(
中空
)
，
人可穿行其间
At the
southwest end of the islet, there is a huge rock
with a big
hole in the center through
Which people Can walk to and
fro
．
9.
全岛
6300
户
< br>(
人家
)
，共有
200
多架钢琴。
Of
6300 households on the islet, more than 200 have a
piano at
home
．
10.
①我常见许多青年的朋友，②
聪明用功，③成绩优异，④
而语文程度不足以达意，⑤甚至写一封信亦难得通顺，⑥问<
/p>
其故则曰其兴趣不在语文方面。
I
have
come
across
a
great
many
bright
and
diligent
young
friends
(who)
have
done
exceedingly
well
in
their
studies,
but
are rather weak in
Chinese. (They) cannot even write a letter in
correct
Chinese.
(When
I)
asked
them
why,
(they)
said
they
were
not interested in the Chinese language.
11.
爸爸妈妈，
你们
也买个钱罐存钱吧。
你们没钱用了罐子
就会把肚肚里的钱掏出来给你们的。
Daddy, Mummy, please buy a piggie
for yourselves. When you
have no more
money, the piggie will open its tummy and give
you money.
12.
这幅画是一部用思考和修养完成的杰作，
它既有历史感又
有现代艺术语言的独特性。
The
painting is a masterpiece reflecting deep insight
and artistic
attainments;
it
expresses
a
sense
of
history
by
using
specific
modern artistic vocabulary.
13.
稍稍能安慰我们的，
是在
那
石上有一个不
大不小的坑凹
儿，雨天就盛满了水。
The only thing had interested us in the
ugly stone was a little pit
on top of
it , which was filled with water on rainy days.
14.
这种
力，使一般人看不见的生命力，只要生命存在，这
种力就要显现
，……
It is an invisible force
of life. So long as there is life, the force
will show itself.
15.
一路上吃了半斤炒栗子，睡了一会儿觉，就到了北京。
We ate half a jin of roast chestnuts,
had a nap and soon arrived
in Beijing.
16.
还是从火车上说起吧！
I'll begin from the time when I was on
the train.
17.
①
我
仍旧站在那颗柿子树下，望着树梢上那个孤零零的
小火柿子。②
它那红得透亮的色泽，依然给人一种喜盈盈
的感觉。③
可是我却哭了。④
哭那陌生的，但却疼爱我的
卖灶糖的老汉。
①
I
stood
under
the
persimmon
tree,
looking
at
the
lone
little
persimmon.
②
Its
flaming redness was a joyous sight, but I cried
for the strange old candy peddler who
had been so fond of me.
18.
虚心使人进步，骄傲使人落后。
（对偶）
Modesty
helps
one
to
go
forward,
whereas
conceit
makes
one
lag behind.
19.<
/p>
燕子去了，有再来的时候；杨树枯了，有再青的时候；桃
花谢了，
有再开的时候。但是，聪明的，你告诉我，我们的
日子为什么一去不复返呢？（排比）<
/p>
Swallows
fly
away,
yet
return;
willows
wither,
yet
burgeon
again; peach-blossom fades, yet blooms
afresh. But tell me, you
who are wise,
why do our days depart never to return?
20.
大红花一朵朵全被拉长了，这
时是泼刺奔进的红锦
带
。
带
织入
狗
中，
狗
织入
白云
中。
白云
织入村女中……
Each
of
the
great
crimson
flowers
stretched
out
now
into
rippling
red
silk
belts.
The
belts
interwove
with
the
dogs,
the
dogs
with
the
white
clouds,
and
the
white
clouds
with
the
country girls.