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国际经济学模拟习题（
3
）
一、
True or False
（
10*1’=10’
）
1.
Trade is a
zero-sum activity; if one country gains, the
other must lose.
2.
A nation maximizes satisfaction by
reaching the highest
possible
indifference curve, and in the absence of trade
will produce where its production
possibilities
schedule is tangent to an
indifference curve.
3.
The
factor endowments model predicts that
international trade will tend to
equalize the prices of
trade-able goods
among nations, but to increase the
wage
gap between capital-abundant and labor-abundant
nations.
4.
A
tax of 10 percent on imports of shoes would be an
example of a specific tariff.
5.
An import
quota will not raise the domestic price of
the product as would a tariff, because
it is not a tax on
imports.
6.
In balance-of-payments
account, a transaction resulting
in
receipt of a payment is recorded as a credit,
whereas a transaction resulting in a
payment to other
nations is recorded as
a debit.
7.
Because they do
not include an exchange of goods or
services, unilateral transfers do not
appear on a
nation's balance of
payments account.
8.
David Hume was one of the first
economists to provide
analytical
support for mercantilist trade policies.
9.
A nation
would be most likely to find its trade balance
improving after
a currency
depreciation if that nation’s
demand
for imports and foreign demand for its exports
was very inelastic.
10.
A nation with neither a balance of
payments surplus nor
a balance of
payments deficit is said to be in internal
balance.
二、
choice
s
（
15*3’=45’
）
1. The law of comparative
advantage
a). was ratified by the World
Trade Organization
b).
explains how all countries can benefit when each
specializes in producing items in which
it has
the
greatest
relative efficiency
c). explains how only the
most efficient nations can benefit
from
trade
d). is used to
evaluate a country’s military strength
2. The theory of absolute advantage was
developed by
a. the Mercantilists
b. David Hume
c. Adam Smith
d.
David Ricardo
3. David
Ricardo developed the principle of comparative
advantage showing that
a. a
nation must be the least-cost producer of a good
in order
to export that item
b. no nation could have an
absolute advantage in all goods
c. in a two-country example, only one
nation can have a
comparative advantage
d. even a nation that has
lower productivity in all goods can
benefit by exporting the item in which
it is relatively less
inefficient
4. An indifference curve
a. shows that most people really are
indifferent about
international trade
b. shows the demand
preferences of consumers
c.
reflects the relative costs of production within a
nation
d. indicates how
much labor a country has
5.
To maximize its satisfaction, a nation will ensure
that its
terms-of-trade line
a. is tangent to its production
possibilities frontier at one
point
(production point) and also to the highest
attainable
indifference curve at
another point (consumption point)
b. is tangent to its production
possibilities frontier and
intersects
an indifference curve
c.
intersects its production possibilities frontier
and is
tangent to an indifference curve
d. intersects its
production possibilities frontier at one point
and an indifference curve at another
point
6. Factor-price
equalization predicts that with international
trade
a. the price of a
nation’s abundant factor will rise and that of
its scarce factor will fall
b. the price of a nation’s abundant
factor will fall and that of
its scarce
factor will rise
c. the
prices of a nation’s abundant and scarce factors
both
will rise
d. the prices of a nation’s abundant
and scarce factors both
will fall
7. The effective rate of
protection
a. distinguishes between
tariffs that are effective and those
that are ineffective
b. is the minimum level at which a
tariff becomes effectiv
e in
limiting imports
c. shows the increase in value-added
for domestic production
that a
particular tariff structure makes possible, in
percentage terms
d. shows how effective a tariff is in
raising revenue
8. The
institutional framework developed in 1947 to
promote
trade liberalization is known
as
a. the GATT
b. the WTO
c.
the IMF
d. The World Bank
9. Developing nations
a. have very limited involvement in
international trade
b.
trade mostly with each other
c. rely heavily on exports of primary
products to industrial
nations
d. rely heavily on exports
of manufactured products
10. A customs union is unique in that
it
a. has no tariffs on trade among
member nations
b. has no
tariffs on trade among member nations and a
common set of tariffs on imports from
non-members
c. has no
tariffs on trade among member nations, a common
set of tariffs on imports from non-
members, and free
mobility of factors
of production such as labor and capital
among members
d.
allows unrestricted labor immigration from
no
n-member
nations
11. A nation's balance of
payments statement
a. is a
record of that nation's assets abroad and its
liabilities
to those from other nations
b. is an accounting
adjustment process ensuring that a
nation's exports will be equal to its
imports
c. does not
include
transactions of foreign citizens or companies
living
or operating within that nation
d.
is a record of the
economic
transactions between residents of that nation and
the rest of the world, usually for a
period of one year.
12.
Since balance-of-payments accounting is a double-
entry
accounting system, an export of
U.S. wheat to Mexico paid
for by a
deposit to the U.S. exporters account in a Mexican
bank would be recorded on the U.S.
balance of payments as
a. a
credit for merchandise exports and a credit to
short-term
financial flows
b. a credit for merchandise exports and
a debit to short
-term